VECTORS JEE-ADV PHYSICS-VOL

JEE MAINS -I
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VECTORS
unit vector is dimensionless physical quantity.
SYNOPSIS
The unit vector along R = xi$ + y $j + zk$ is given
Physical Quantities: ur
R xiˆ + yj+zk
ˆ ˆ
Ø The quantities that are measurable are called physical R̂ = ur =
by R x2 + y2 +z2
quantities
Ex: Length, Mass, Time, Velocity, Force, etc.. Orthogonal Unit Vectors / Base Vectors
Physical quantities are mainly classified into three $i, $j and k$ are called orthogonal unit vectors.
types. a) Scalars b) Vectors c) Tensors
(It is an X, Y and Z axes of Cartesian co-ordinate
Ø Vectors are those which have both magnitude and system )
direction and also obey laws of vector addition. Position Vector
Ex : Velocity, Force, Momentum , Torque etc It is a vector that represents the position of a particle
Ø Scalars are those which have only magnitude. with respect to the origin of a coordinate system.
The Position Vector of a point (x, y, z) is
Ex : Mass, Time, Distance, Flux etc ur
Note : A physical quantity having magnitude and R = x ˆi + y ˆj + z kˆ
direction but not obeying laws of vector addition is y
treated as a scalar. P
Ex : Electric current is a scalar quantity.
Electric current is always associated R
with direction, but it is not a vector quantity.It does O x
not obey laws of vector addition for its addition.
z

i1
Null Vector (or) Zero Vector
(i1+i2)
θ It is a vector of zero magnitude.
Its direction is indeterminate
r
i2 It is represented as 0
The resultant of i1 and i2 is ( i1 + i2 ) by Kirchhoff’s
f’s Ex: velocity of simple pendulum at extreme position,
current law.The resultant does not depend on angle acceleration of particle moving with uniform velocity
between currents i1 and i2 . etc
Ø Tensors are those quantities having different Representation of angle between the
magnitudes in different directions. These do not obey two vectors :
the laws of vector addition. Ø The angle between two vectors is represented by
Ex: Moment of inertia , Stress etc.. the smaller of the two angle between the vectors when
Ø Unit Vector :It is a vector whose magnitude is they are placed tail to tail by displacing either of the
ur vectors parallel to it self.
unity. A unit vector parallel to a given vector R is
ur ur ur
Ex: The angle between A and B is correctly
µ = ur
R
R
represented in the following figures
given by R
ur
µ gives the sense of direction of the vector R.
R

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Sol. To find the angle between two vectors we connect

the tails of the two vectors. We can shift the vectors
B ur ur ur
parallel to themselves such that tails of A , B and C
θ
are connected as shown in figure.
A
y
B
B
θ θ
(or ) B
A A
A
ur ur 30
0
a) If the angle between A and B is θ , then the x
ur ur
0
45 0
angle between A and K B is also θ . Where `K’ is 30
a positive constant. B
C
KB ur ur
Now we observe that angle between A and B
B ur ur ur ur
is 600 , B and C 150 ,between A and C is 750
θ θ ur ur ur
W.E-2: If A , B , C represents the three sides of an
A A
ur ur equilateral triangle taken in the same order
b) If the angle between A and B is θ , then the
ur ur then find the angle between
ur ur ur ur ur ur
angle between A and - K B is (180- θ ). `K’ is i) A and B ii) B and C iii) A and C .
positive constant.
B
B
θ A
B 0
180 -θ
0
θ 120
− KB C B 0
A 120
c) Angle between collinear vectors is always zero or A
1800 0 A
C 120
Q
Q Sol. From the diagram the angle between vectors
ur ur ur ur
A and B is 1200 , between B and C is 1200 and
or ur ur
θ = 180 P
0
θ=0
0
P between A and C is 1200
Note: Angle between vectors in anticlockwise direction
is taken as positive and clockwise direction as W.E-3 : A man walks towards east with certain
negative velocity. A car is travelling along a road
ur ur ur which is 300 west of north.While a bus is
W.E-1:Three vectors A , B , C are shown in the
figure. Find angle between travelling in another road which is 600 south
ur ur ur ur ur ur of west.Find the angle between velocity vector
(i) A and B (ii) B and C (iii) A and C .
of
a) man and car b) car and bus
0 c) bus and man.
A 30 x
x 0 x 0
30 45
B C

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VC North

0
30
Vm
West 0
60 O East

Vb
South
Sol. From the diagram the angle between velocity vector ur
of man and car is 900 + 300 = 1200 ( )
The projection of R along x-axis is called
The angle between velocity vector of car and bus is
horizontal component (Rx) R x =Rcos?
600 + 600 = 1200 ur
The angle between velocity vector of bus and man ( )
The projection of R along y-axis is called vertical
is 300 + 900 = 1200
ur component (Ry) R y =Rsin?
W.E -4 : A vector A makes an angle 300 with the
Component of a vector is a scalar quantity.
Y-axis in anticlockwise direction.Another
ur r
vector B makes an angle 300 with the x-axis Magnitude of the resultant R = R x 2 + R y 2
in clockwise direction. Find angle between Direction of the resultant with x-axis is
ur ur
vectors A and B . R 
y θ = tan −1  y 
 Rx 
0
30 Ø Note :
A y
0 x B
30 A
B
-x o x
D
C
ur ur
Sol. From the diagram the angle between A and B is -y
r
a) If the vector A is in first quadrant then it can be
300 + 900 + 300 = 1500 r
written as A = Ax iˆ + Ay ˆj
Resolution of a Vector into Components r
b) If the vector B is in second quadrant then
in two Dimensions r
ur B = − Bx iˆ + By ˆj
( )
A vector R can be resolved into two mutually r
c) If the vector C is in third quadrant then
perpendicular components Rx and Ry in a plane say x - y r
C = −C xiˆ − C y ˆj
r
d) If the vector D is in fourth quadrant then
r
D = Dxiˆ − Dy ˆj
Applications on resolution of vector :

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than integral multiple of 2 π (or 360 0 ) its direction

changes, but magnitude does not change. so vector
changes.
1)

A book is placed on smooth horizontal surface and

ur
pulled by a force F making an angle ` θ ’ with
horizontal.
Component of force along horizontal =Fcosθ . Ø Note : If the frame of reference is rotated the vector
Component of force along vertical =Fsin θ . does not change (though its components may
change).
2)
vector
S
O

WE-5: The components of a vector along the x

and y directions are (n+1) and 1 respectively. If
A block of mass `m’ is placed on an inclined plane the coordinate system is rotated by an angle 600
of angle ` θ ’then the component of weight parallel then the components changes to n and 3. Find
to the inclined plane is `mg sin θ ’ , the component the value of n.
of weight perpendicular to the inclined plane is Sol. Length of the vector does not change on rotation.
mgcosθ . 7
( n + 1) + 12 = n2 + 32 ⇒ n = 2 = 3.5
2
3)
O
θ l
WE-6: A weight mg is suspended from the middle
T
l −x
2 2 of a rope whose ends are rigidly clamped at
x
F the same level.The rope is no longer
mg horizontal.What is the minimum tension
A simple pendulum having a bob of mass `m’ is required to completely straighten the rope
suspended from a rigid support and it is pulled by a Sol. From the diagram
horizontal force `F’ . The string makes an angle θ θ θ
with the vertical as shown in figure. T T
The horizontal component of tension = T sin θ θ
θ
The vertical component of tension = T cos θ
when the bob is in equilibrium mg
T sin θ =F ................(1)
mg
T cos θ = mg .................(2) 2T sinθ = mg ⇒ T =
2sinθ
The rope will be straight when θ = 00
mg mgl
T= = mg
cos θ l 2 − x2 T= =∞
2sin 00
The tension required to completely straighten the
From equation (1) and (2
rope is infinity.
F x
Tanθ = ⇒ F = mgTanθ = mg
mg l 2 − x2 WE-7: The sum of magnitudes of two forces acting
at a point is 16 N.If their resultant is normal
T = F + ( mg )
2
2 to the smaller force and has a magnitude of
Ø Note: If a vector is rotated through an angle other

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8N.Then the forces are R
R R
cosa = urx , cosß = ury and cos? = urz
R R R
sum of the squares of direction cosines = 1
F2 F i.e cos 2 a + cos2 ß + cos 2 ? = 1
θ
90
0
If l = cos α , m = cos β and n = cos γ ,
F1 then l 2 + m 2 + n 2 = 1 .
ur uur uur
Sol. let F be the resultant of two forces F1 and F2 Now, sin 2 a + sin 2 ß+ sin 2 ?=2
W.E-8: A bird moves with velocity 20m/s in a
as shown in figure with F2 > F1 direction making an angle of 600 with the
F2 sin θ = F1 ...(i) F2 cos θ = F = 8 ...(ii) eastern line and 600 with the vertical upward.
Squaring and adding Eqs (i) and (ii), we get Represent the velocity vector in rectangular
form
F2 2 = F12 + 64 ...................(iii) Sol. Let eastern line be taken as x-axis, northern as y-
Given F1 + F2 = 16 ..............(iv) axis and vertical upward as z-axis.
r
Solving Eqs. (iii) and (iv), we get Let the velocity v makes angle α , β and γ with
F1 = 6 N and F2 = 10 N . x,y and z axis respectively, then α = 600 , γ = 600
Resolution in 3D Space we have
A point in space can be specified by a position vector cos 2 α + cos 2 β + cos 2 γ = 1
ur
R = Rx i$ + R y $j + Rz k$ where Rx , Ry and Rz being cos 2 600 + cos 2 β + cos 2 600 = 1
the coordinates of the point in Cartesian coordinate 1
1
system.
ur
cos 2 β = ; cos β =
2 2
Magnitude of position vector R is r
so v = v cos α $i + v cos β $j + v cos γ kˆ
R = Rx2 + Ry2 + Rz2
1 1 $ 1 ˆ
y = 20  $i + j + k
2 2 2 
= 10$i + 10 2 $j + 10kˆ
Mathematical operations with vectors
r r
Consider two vectors A and B in x-y plane
r r
Ry R A = Ax $i + Ay $j and B = Bx $i + By $j
β 1) Vector Addition ( Analytical Method )
γ α Rx ur ur ur ur
x Let R be their sum. We have R = A + B
r
RZ ( ) ( )
R = Ax $i + Ay $j + Bx $i + By $j
z
Direction Cosines = ( Ax + Bx ) $i + ( Ay + By ) $j
ur
( )
2) Vector Subtraction ( Analytical Method)
If the position vector R makes angles a, ß, ? with ur ur ur ur
Let R be their difference. We have R = A − B
x,y and z axes respectively, then r
cosa , cosß, cos? are called direction cosines. ( )(
R = Ax $i + Ay $j − Bx $i + By $j)
= ( Ax − Bx ) $i + ( A y − By ) $j

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Laws of Vector Addition y A

Vector addition follows commutative, associative and x

distributive laws.
ur ur ur ur A
Ay
a) Commutative law : A + B = B + A 0
ur ur ur ur ur ur 60
b) Associative law : A+ (B+C) = (A + B) + C -x O 600 x
ur ur ur ur By
c) Distributive law : m(A+ B) = mA + mB B
where m is a scalar.
WE-9: Find the resultant of the vectors shown in Bx
-y
figure. ur ur ur
y C R = A+ B
A
4cm R = 2cos600$i + 2sin600 $j + 2cos600$i − 2sin600 $j
B
R = 4cos 600 $i
0
37
o x
ur uuur uuur uuur ∴ R = 2cm, along x-axis
Sol: R = OA + AB + BC W.E-12: Find the resultant of the vectors shown
0$ 0$
R = (5cos37 i + 5sin 37 j ) in fig by the component method.
ur y
R = 4iˆ + 3 ˆj + 3iˆ + 4 ˆj = 7iˆ + 7 ˆj
b
c
∴R = 7 2cm and α = 45 0 with horizontal.
5 3
0
37 1
W.E-10: Find the resultant of the vectors -x x
uuur uuur uuur 53
0 O a
OA, OB , OC as shown in figure. The radius of 6
the circle is r. d
C -y
0
B Sol.
45 0
45
Rx = 1$i − 5 cos 370 $i − 6 cos 530 $i
O A
uur uur
ur uuur uuur uuur Rx = 1iˆ − 4iˆ − 3.6iˆ ∴ Rx = −6.6 iˆ
Sol. R = OA + OB + OC
ur R y = 3 $j + 5sin 37 0 $j − 6 sin 530 $j
R = riˆ + r cos 450 iˆ + r sin 450 ˆj + rjˆ uur uur
R y = 3 ˆj + 3 ˆj − 4.8 ˆj ∴ R y = 1.2 ˆj
ur  r ˆ  r ˆ
R = r + i + r + j R = Rx2 + Ry2 = ( −6.6 ) + (1.2 ) = 6.7
2 2
 2  2
ur uuur ur ur
( )
R = 2r + r along OB . W.E - 13 : If vectors A and B are 3$i − 4 $j + 5k$

ur and 2$i + 3 $j − 4k$ respectively then find the unit

W.E-11: Vector A is 2 cm long and is 60 above
0 ur ur
ur vector parallel to A + B
the x - axis in the first quadrant, vector B is ur ur
2cm long and is 60 below the x -axis in the
0
n̂ =
A
ur
+B
ur =
( ) (
3i$ − 4$j + 5k$ + 2i$ + 3j$ − 4k$ )
ur ur
5i$ − $j + k$
Sol: A+B
fourth quadrant. Find A + B .
(5i$ - $j + k$ )
=
27

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ur ur ur ur ur ur
W.E - 14: If A = 3iˆ + 4 ˆj and B = 7iˆ + 24 ˆj, find a given by A. B = A B cos? = ABcosθ
ur ur ur
vector having the same magnitude as B and
ur where θ is angle between A and B
parallel and same direction as A . ur ur
ur A cos θ is component of A along B and
Sol . The vector parallel to A and having magnitude ur ur
ur ur ur B cos θ is component of B along A
of B is C = B Aˆ
The dot product of two vectors is a scalar.
Properties of Scalar Product
B = 7 2 + 242 = 25 Ø a) Scalar product is commutative
ur ur ur uurur
A 3iˆ + 4 ˆj
µ
A= =
A 3 +4
2 2
( 1
)
= 3iˆ + 4 ˆj
5
i.e. A.B = B. A
b) Scalar product is distributive
ur ur ur ur ur ur ur
ur
(
1 ˆ
)
C = 25 × 3i + 4 ˆj = 15iˆ + 20 ˆj
i.e. A. ( B + C ) = A.B + A.C
5 c) It does not obey associative law
ur ur
W.E -15: The resultant of two vectors A and B is Ø Scalar product of two parallel vectors is maximum
ur ur ur ur ur
perpendicular to A and equal to half of the A.B = A B cos? = AB (Q ? = 00 )
ur ur
magnitude of B .Find angle between A and
ur The scalar product of two opposite vectors is
B? negative and minimum
ur ur The scalar product of two perpendicular vectors is
Sol : Since R is perpendicular to A .
ur ur ur zero
fig shows the three vectors A , B and R . ur ur
ur ur i.e. A.B = ABcos? = 0 ( Q ?=900 )
angle between A and B is π − θ
Scalar product is negative if θ>900 and <1800
R B 1 In case of orthogonal unit vectors
sin θ = = = $i.i$ = $j. $j = k$ .k$ = 1 ; $i. $j = $j.k$ = k$ .$i = 0
B 2B 2
Ø In terms of Components of vectors
ur
If A = Ax $i + Ay $j + Az k$
ur
and B = Bx $i + B y $j + Bz k$
B ur ur
R Then, A.B=A x B x +A y B y +A z B z
uruur 2
π−θ A.A=A x +A 2 y +A 2 z = A2
θ and magnitude of any vector is
A A r
A = A = A 2 x +A 2y +A 2z
for perpendicular vectors
⇒ θ = 300 A x Bx +A y By +A z Bz = 0
ur ur
⇒ angle between A and B is 1500 . Applications of Dot Product
ur
Multiplication of Vectors i) Angle between two vectors ur
A and B can be found
Ø A vector multiplied by another vector may give ur ur
a scalar or a vector. Hence there are two types of A.B
from cos θ = A ur ur
products for multiplication of two vectors. B
a) dot product or scalar product r r
ii) Vector component of A along B is
b) cross product or vector product r r
r
Ø
Scalar Product or Dot Product
ur ur
The scalar product of two vectors A and B is
A. B ˆ
B
B = A. Bˆ Bˆ ( )
r r
iii) Vector component of B along A is

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r r
r Ø Properties of vector product:
A. B ˆ
A
(
A = B . Aˆ Aˆ ) a) Cross product does not obey commutative law.
ur ur ur ur ur ur ur ur
ur ur
iv) The component of A perpendicular to B in A× B ≠ B × A but A× B = −B × A
ur ur ur
the same plane is C = A - A . B µ B
µ
( ) b) Cross product obeys distributive law.
ur ur ur ur ur ur ur
ur ur
v) The component of B perpendicular to A in
( )
A × B + C = A× B + A × C
ur ur ur
the same plane is D = B - B . µ (
A µA ) c) cross product do not obey associative law
ur ur ur ur ur ur
A´( B ´C ) ¹ ( B´ A)´C
r r r r r r r r r r
vi) A + B = A. A + B.B + A.B + B. A Ø If $i, $j , k$ are unit vectors then
r
= A2 + B 2 + 2 AB cos θ $i × $i = $j × $j = k$ × k$ = 0
Examples of dot product : $i × $j = k$ , $j × k$ = $i, k$ × $i = $j
r r r r
Work W = F . S , Power P = F . V $j × $i = − k$ , k$ × $j = −$i, i$ × k$ = − $j
ur ur ur
Magnetic Flux f = B . A etc Ø If A = Axiˆ + Ay ˆj + Az kˆ
ur
Vector Product or Cross Product B = Bx iˆ + By ˆj + Bz kˆ
ur ur
If A and B are two vectors and the angle between iˆ ˆj kˆ
ur ur
them is θ then the cross product of these two then A´ B = Ax Ay Az
ur ur
vectors is given by A× B = ( AB sin θ ) n$ .
Bx By Bz

= ( Ay Bz - Az By ) iˆ - ( Ax Bz - Az B x ) ˆj + ( Ax By - Ay Bx ) kˆ
Where n$ is unit vector perpendicular to the plane
ur ur ur ur
ur ur A´ B
containing A & B . ØUnit vector normal to both A and B is n$ = ur ur .
A´ B
Case-I: If two vectors are parallel (θ = 0 ) or
0
ur ur
ur ur Ø If two vectors A and B are parallel
anti parallel ( θ = 180 0 ) then A× B = 0
Ax Ay Az ur ur
Case-II: If two vectors are perpendicular to each = = = constant or A ´ B = 0
ur ur BX B y B z
other θ = 900 then A× B = AB (maximum) W.E16: If 2$i − 3 $j + 4kˆ and 3i$ + λ $j + µ kˆ be collinear
Cross product of two vectors is a vector. vectors, then find the values of λ and µ .
Ø Direction is given by right hand cork screw rule r r
(OR) Right Hand thumb rule Sol. Let a = 2$i − 3 $j + 4k$ and b = 3$i + λ $j + µ k$
Ø Right handed screw rule : r r
Given a & b are collinear
Imagine a right handed screw to be placed along the
normal of the plane containing the two vectors. Rotate $i $j k$
the cap of the screw from first vector to second vector
r r 2 −3 4 = 0
through small angle between them, the direction of ∴ a ×b = 0 ;
motion of the tip of the screw gives the direction of 3 λ µ
their vector product.
Ø Right hand thumb rule : ( − 3µ − 4λ ) $i − ( 2 µ − 12 ) $j + ( 2λ + 9 ) kˆ = 0
Imagine the normal to the plane of the two vectors
to be held in the right hand with the thumb erect. Equating the coefficients of $i, $j and k̂ on both sides
If the fingers are whirling in the direction from we have 2µ − 12 = 0 ∴µ =6
first vector to second vector through small angle
9
between them, the direction of the thumb gives 2λ + 9 = 0 ⇒ λ=−
the direction of their vector product. 2

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r
Ø Examples of cross product : W.E 19: If ar and b are two unit vectors such that
i) Angular momentum L = r × P
→ → → r r r r
a + 2 b and 5 a − 4 b are perpendicular to each
r
other, then the angle between ar and b is
→ → →
ii) Linear velocity V = ω × r
→ → →
iii) Torque τ = r × F Sol. a = b = 1
uur r r r r
iv) Torque on a magnet of magnetic moment M in
ur → → → ( a + 2b ). (5a − 4b ) = 0
magnetic field induction B is τ = M × B
v) Force on a conductor of length l carrying current i 5a2 − 4ab cos θ+ 10ab cos θ− 8b2 = 0
ur   → → →
5 – 4 cosθ + 10 cosθ – 8 = 0
in magnetic field induction B is F = i  l × B 
  – 3 + 6 cosθ = 0 ⇒ cosθ = 1/2, θ = 600
r
vi) Force on a charge q moving with velocity v in r
F = i$ + 2 $j − 3k$ and rr = 2$i − $j + $ r r
W.E 20: If k find r × F
ur   → → →
magnetic field induction B is F = q  v× B  r r
i j k
  r × F = 2 −1 1
ur Sol.
1 2 −3
vii) Torque on a coil of area A carrying current i in
ur →
→ → = ( 3 − 2 ) $i − ( −6 − 1) $j + ( 4 + 1) k$ = i$ + 7 $j + 5k$
magnetic field induction B is τ = i  A× B 
  W.E 21: Find the vector components of vector
r r r
viii) A force F acts at P and τ is torque produced
r A = 2 î + 3 ĵ along the directions of
about Q. If position vector of P is r1 and position vector r
ur r r r ur ur r B = î + ĵ .
(
of Q is r2 then τ = r × F = r1 − r2 × F . ) r
r r r
A.B  B 
Sol. C= ( Acosθ ) B= Br  Br 
Ø Applications of cross product : ˆ
ur ur  
(i) The area of triangle formed by A & B as
1 ur ur r  2+3   ˆi+jˆ  5
adjacent sides is A × B C=     = ˆi+jˆ .
 1+1   1+1  2
( )
2
ur ur
(ii) The area of parallelogram formed by A& B W.E 22: Find the unit vector perpendicular to
ur ur ur ur
as adjacent sides is A× B A = 3$i + 2 $j − k$ and B = $i − $j + k$ .
ur ur
A × B i$ − 4 $j − 5k$ $i − 4 $j − 5k$
(iii) The area of parallelogram formed by
uur uur 1 uu
r uu
r Sol : ˆ
n = ur u
r = =
d1 & d 2 as its diagonals is d1 × d 2 A× B 1 + 16 + 25 42
2
W.E 17: Find the angle between two vectors W.E 23 : Find the angle between the diagonals of
r r
$ $ a cube with edges of length “a”.
A = 2i$ + $j − k$ and B = i − k
r r Z
A.B 2 + 0 +1 3 3
Sol : cos θ = r r = = = ⇒ θ = 300
A B 6 2 2 3 2
r r A F
W.E 18: If a1 and a2 are two non collinear unit
vectors inclined at 600 to each other then the
r r r r B G
value of ( a1 − a2 ).(2 a1 + a2 ) is E
Sol. a1 = a2 = 1 Sol. O Y
r r r r
Now ( )( )
a 1 − a 2 . 2a 1 + a 2 = 2a12 − a22 − a1 a2 cos θ C D

1 1
= 2 −1− =
2 2 X

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From the diagram 8. Choose the correct statement.
uuur uur uuur uur
OG = d1 = ai$ + a $j + ak$ , CF = d 2 = − ai$ + a $j + ak$
1) Scalar + vector = scalar/vector
vector
\ The angle between the diagonals is 2) = scalar
vector
r r 3) Scalar/vector = scalar (or) vector
d1. d 2 1  1 
cos θ = r r = ⇒ θ = cos −1   4) vector - vector = vector.
d1 d 2 3  3 r r p
9. If angle between a and b is , then angle
r r 3
between 2a and -3b is
C.U.Q p 2p p 5p
1) 2) 3) 4)
3 3 6 3
SCALARS,VECTORS AND 10. If component of one vector in the direction of
RESOLUTION OF VECTORS another vector is zero, then those two vectors
1. Of the following the vector quantity is 1) are parallel to each other
1) Time 2) Electric Current 2) are perpendicular to each other
3) Velocity of light 4) Gravitational force 3) are opposite to each other
2. Of the following the scalar quantity is 4) are coplanar vectors.
1) Temperature 2) Moment of force
3) Moment of couple 4) Magnetic moment 11. The component of a vector is
3. Choose the correct statement 1) always less than its magnitude
1) Temperature is a scalar but temperature gradient 2) always greater than its magnitude
is a vector 3) always equal to its magnitude
2) Velocity of a body is a vector but velocity of light 4) less than or equal to its magnitude
is a scalar 12. The horizontal component of the weight of a
3) Electric intensity and Electric current density are body of mass m is
vectors
mg
4) All the above 1) mg 2) 3) zero 4) infinity
2
4. Choose the false statement :
1) Electric current is a vector because it has both
DOT PRODUCT AND CROSS PRODUCT
magnitude and direction 13. Cross product of vectors obeys
2) Time is a vector which has direction always in the 1) commutative law 2) associative law
forward direction 3) distributive law 4) all the above
3) All quantities having magnitude and direction are 14. Distributive law is obeyed by
vector quantities 1) scalar product 2) vector product
4) All the above 3) both 4) none
5. Which of the following units could be associated 15. Choose the false statement
1) Scalar product and vector product obey
with a vector quantity ? commutative law
1) newton/metre 2) newton metre / second 2) Scalar product does not obey distributive law where
3) kg m2 s-2 4) newton second as vector product obeys commutative law
6. A vector is not changed if 3) Scalar product and vector product obey
1) it is rotated through an arbitrary angle associative law
2) it is multiplied by an arbitrary scalar 4) All the above
ur ur
3) it is cross multiplied by a unit vector 16. Three vectors satisfy the relation A . B = 0 and
4) it slides parallel to itself uur ur ur
A . C = 0 , then A is parallel to
7. Which of the following is meaningful? ur ur ur ur ur ur
1) C 2) B 3) B ´C 4) B.C
1) Vector / Vector 2) Scalar / Vector
3) Scalar + Vector 4) Vector / Scalar

NARAYANAGROUP 205
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r
→ 27. The position vector rr and linear momentum P are
17. Let F be the force acting on a particle having r $ r
r = i and P = 4 $j the angular momentum vector is
→ → perpendicular to
position vector r and τ be the torque of this
1) x-axis 2) y-axis 3) z-axis 4) xy-plane
foce about the origin. Then (AIEEE-2003) rr r
28. The vector area of triangle whose sides are a, b, c is
→ → →
1) →r . F = 0 and →r . → 1r r r r r r
→ →
τ ≠ 0 2) r . τ ≠ 0 and F . τ = 0 1r r r r r r
1) b´ c + c ´a + a´b 2) b´ c + c ´a + a´b
→ → → → → 6 2
3) →r . →τ ≠ 0 and F . →τ ≠ 0 4) r . τ = 0 and F . τ = 0 1r r r r r r 1 r r r r r r
r r r r 3) 3 b´ c + c ´a + a´ b 4) 2 -b´ c + c ´a + a´b
18. ( A´ B) + ( B´ A) is equal to 29. Set the following vectors in the increasing order of
1) 2 AB 2) A2 B2 3) zero 4) null vector their magnitude.
r r r r
19. If C = A´ B , then C is a ) 3$i + 4 $j b ) 2i$ + 4 $j + 6k$ c )2$i + 2 $j + 2 k$
r r 1) a, b, c 2) c, a, b 3) a, c, b 4) b, c, a
1) parallel to A 2) parallel to B
r r 30. Arrange the vectors additions so that their magnitudes
3) perpendicular to A and parallel to B are in the increasing order.
r r r r
a) Two vector A and B are parallel
4) perpendicular to both A and B
r r r r
b) Two vectors A and B are antiparallel
20. If A and B are two vectors, then which of the r r
following is wrong ? c) Two vectors A and B making an angle 600
r r r r r r r r r r
1) A.B = B. A 2) A + B = B + A d) Two vectors A and B making 1200.
r r r r r r r r 1)b, d, c, a 2)b, c, d, a 3)a, c, d, b 4)c, d, a, b
3) A´ B = B ´ A 4) A´ B = -B ´ A
r r r r 31. Arrange the vector subtractions so that their magnitudes
r r
21. The angle between ( A´ B) and ( B ´ A) is (in are in decreasing order. If the two vectors A and B
ur ur
radian) are acting at an angle (| A |>| B |) .
1) π / 2 2) π 3) π / 4 4) zero a) 600 b) 900 c) 1800 d) 1200
ur ur ur 1) d,c,b,a 2) a,b,d,c 3) c,d,b,a 4) c,d,a,b
22. If none of the vectors A, B and C are zero and 32. Set the angles made by following vectors with
ur ur ur ur ur ur
if A´B = 0 and B´C = 0 the value of A´C is x-axis in the increasing order.
1) unity 2) zero 3) B 2 4) AC cos q a ) 3$i + 4 $j b ) 4i$ + 3 $j c )i$ + $j
23. Choose the false statement 1) a, b, c 2) c, b, a 3) b, c, a 4) a, c, b
1) A vector having zero magnitude can have a 33. Arrange the dot products in increasing order
direction ur ur
a) A and B are parallel
r r → r r ur ur
2)If A´ B = 0 , then either A or B or both must b) A and B are making an angle 600
ur ur
have zero magnitude c) A and B making, an angle 1800
3)The component of a vector is a vector 1) c, b, a 2) a, b, c 3) b, c, a 4) c, a, b
4)all the above 34. Arrange the magnitude of cross products in the
r r r decreasing order.
24. If A , B and C are coplanar vectors, then ur ur
r r r r r r
1) ( A.B)´C = 0 2) ( A´ B).C = 0
a) A and B making angle zero
ur ur
r r r b) A and B making angle 300
ur ur
3) ( A.B).C = 0 4) all the above are true c) A and B making angle 1200
r r 1) a, b, c 2) b, c, a 3) c, a, b 4) c, b, a
25. If A along North and B along vertically upward
→ → C.U.Q - KEY
then the direction of A × B is along 01) 4 02) 1 03) 4 04) 4 05) 4 06) 4
1) west 2) south 3) east 4) vertically downwards
r r r r 07) 4 08) 4 09) 2 10) 2 11) 4 12) 3
26. The angle between (A + B) & (A ´ B ) 13) 3 14) 3 15) 4 16) 3 17) 4 18) 4
1) 0 2) π / 4 3) π / 2 4) π 19) 4 20) 3 21) 2 22) 2 23) 4 24) 2
25) 3 26) 3 27) 4 28) 1 29) 2 30) 1
31) 3 32) 3 33) 1 34) 4

206 NARAYANAGROUP
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JEE MAINS -I
- VOL - VI VECTORS
B
LEVEL - I (C.W)

ADDITION,SUBTRACTION AND 6N
0
RESOLUTION OF VECTORS
r r 53 A
1. If A = 3iˆ − 4 ˆj and B = −iˆ − 4 ˆj , calculate the di- 10N
r r O
rection of A + B
1) tan −1 ( 4 ) with positive X − axis in clock wise
2) tan −1 ( 4 ) with negative X − axis in clock wise P
3) tan −1 ( 4 ) with positive X − axis in anticlock wise 1) 16N 2) 4N 3) 208N 4) 232N
4) tan −1 ( 4 ) with negative X − axis in anticlock wise 8. Two billiard balls are moving on a table and the
r component velocities along the length and
r vectors are givenr by ar = r−2i + j − 3k and
2. Two ˆ ˆ ˆ
b = 5iˆ + 3 ˆj − 2kˆ . If 3a + 2b − c = 0 then third breadth are 5,5 ms-1 for one ball 2 3 , 2ms-1 for
vector cr is the other ball the angle between the motion of
1) 4iˆ + 9 ˆj − 13 kˆ 2) −4iˆ − 9 ˆj + 13kˆ balls is
1) 300 2)600 3)400 4) 150
3) 4iˆ − 9 ˆj − 13kˆ 4) 2iˆ − 3 ˆj + 13kˆ r
3. The vector sum of two vectors of magnitudes 9. If A = 2iˆ − 3 ˆj + 4kˆ , its components in YZ - plane
10 units and 15 units can never be and ZX- plane are respectively
1) 28 units 2) 22 units 3) 18 units 4) 8 units 1) 13 and 5 2) 5 and 2 5
4. The car makes a displacement of 100 m towards 3) 2 5 and 13 4) 13 and 29
east and then 200 m towards north. Find the 10. A car weighing 100kg is on a slope that makes an
magnitude and direction of the resultant. angle 300 with the horizontal. The component of
1) 223.7m, tan −1 ( 2 ) , N of E
car’s weight parallel to the slope is ( g = 10ms −2 )
2) 223.7m, tan −1 ( 2 ) , E of N
3) 300m, tan −1 ( 2 ) , N of E 1) 500N 2) 1000N 3) 15,000N 4) 20,000N
11. A room has dimensions 3m × 4m × 5m. A fly
4) 100m, tan −1 ( 2 ) , N of E
starting at one corner ends up at the
5. If a vector has an x -component of -25.0units diametrically opposite corner. The magnitude
and a y- component of 40.0 units, then the of the displacement of the fly is
magnitude and direction of this vector is
1) 12m 2) 60 m 3) 2 5m 4) 5 2m
−1 5 r
1) 5 89 units;sin with -ve x-axis 12. If P = iˆ + 2 ˆj + 6kˆ , its direction cosines are
89
−1 5 1 2 6 1 2 6
2) 5 89 units; cos with -ve x-axis 1) , and 2) , and
89 41 41 41 41 41 41
−1 −5
3 8 7
3) 45 units; cos with x-axis 3) , and 4) 1, 2 and 6
9 41 41 41
−1 −5 MULTIPLICATION OFA VECTOR BYA
4) 45 units;sin with x-axis
9 SCALAR
6. A force of 10N is resolved into the perpendicular
components. If the first component makes 300 with 13. The value of 'm', if $i+2 $j-3k$ is parallel to
the force, the magnitudes of the components are $
3i+m $j-9 k$ is
1) 5N, 5N 2) 5 2 N, 5 N 1) 12 2) 9 3) 6 4) 3
3) 5 3 N, 5N 4) 10 N, 10 3 N 14. A force 2i + j − k newton acts on a body which
ˆ ˆ ˆ
7. If the system is in equilibrium is initially at rest. If the velocity of the body at
(cos 530 = 3/5), then the value of 'P' is
the end of 20seconds is 4iˆ + 2 ˆj − 2kˆ ms −1 , the
mass of the body
1) 20kg 2) 15kg 3) 10kg 4) 5kg

NARAYANAGROUP 207
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- VOL - VI

SCALAR PRODUCT (OR) DOT PRODUCT VECTOR PRODUCT (OR )CROSS

ur
( )
15. When a force vector F= $i+2$j+k$ N acts on a PRODUCT
body and produces a displacement of 23. Find the torque of a force Fr = −3i$ + 2 $j + k$
r
(
S= 4i+ )
$ $j+7k$ m , then the work done is
acting at the point rr = 8$i + 2 $j + 3k$ about origin
1) 9J 2) 13J 3) 5J 4) 1J
16. The angle between the two vectors 1) 14$i − 38 $j + 3k$ 2) 4$i + 4 $j + 6k$
ur ur
A = i$ + 2 $j − k$ and B = −$i + $j − 2k$ is 3) −14$i + 38 $j − 16k$ 4) −4$i − 17 $j + 22k$
0 0 0 0
1) 90 2) 30 3) 45 4) 60
r 24. The area of the triangle whose adjacent sides
17. In a right angled triangle the three vectors ar, b
r r r (
are represented by the vectors 4$i + 3$j + 4k$ and )
and c add to zero. Then a. b is
5$i in sq. units is
1) 25 2) 12.5 3) 50 4) 45
25. The magnitude of scalar and vector products of
c two vectors are 48 3 and 144 respectively. What
5 3 b
is the angle between the two vectors ?
4 1) 300 2) 450 3) 600 4) 900
a 26. The adjacent sides of a parallelogram are
r r
1) −9 2) +9 3) 0 4) −3 A = 2$i − 3 $j + k$ and B = − 2i$ + 4 $j − k$ What is the
18. A vector perpendicular to the vector $i + 2 $j( ) area of the parallelogram ?
1) 4 units 2) 7 units 3) 5 units 4) 8 units
and having magnitude 3 5 units is 27. What is the condition for the vectors
1) 3 iˆ + 6 ĵ 2) 6 iˆ –3 ĵ 3) 4 iˆ –2 ĵ 4) iˆ –2 ĵ
r ur 2$i + 3 $j − 4k$ and 3i$ − a $j + bk$ to be parallel ?
19. If A = 2i$ + 3$j and B = 2 $j + 3k$ the component 1) a = –9/2, b = – 6 2) a = –6, b = –9/2
ur ur 3) a = 4, b = 5 4) a = 8, b = 2
of B along A is
1 6 6 LEVEL -I (C.W) - KEY
1) 6 2) 3) 4) 01) 1 02) 1 03) 1 04) 1 05) 2 06) 3
6 13 13
r r 07) 3 08) 4 09) 2 10) 1 11) 4 12) 2
20. If the vectors A = aiˆ+ ajˆ + 3k and B = aiˆ −2ˆj −kˆ are
ˆ 13) 3 14 ) 3 15) 2 16) 4 17) 3 18) 2
perpendicular to each other then the positive 19) 4 20) 4 21) 3 22) 1 23) 4 24) 2
value of 'a' is 25) 3 26) 3 27) 1
1) Zero 2) 1 3) 2 4) 3 LEVEL-I (C .W) - HINTS
21. A force of 2i +3j + 2k N acts on a body for 4 s ur ur ur ur R
R = A + B , R = Rxiˆ + Ry ˆj ; Tanα = y
and produces a displacement of 3i$ + 4$j + 5k$ m
1.
Rx
r r r
calculate the power ? 2. c = 3a + 2b
1) 5 w 2) 6 w 3) 7 w 4) 9 w ur ur
r 3. P, Q are two vectors ; P + Q ≥ R ≥ P − Q
22. If θ is the angle between unit vectors A and 4.
r r s1 = 100iˆ , s2 = 200 ˆj
r (1 − A.B
r r
)
B , then (1 + A.B ) is equal to s
s = s12 + s2 2 , Tanθ = 2 → N of E
s1
1) tan2 ( θ / 2) 2) sin2 ( θ / 2)
y
3) cot2 ( θ / 2) 4) cos2 ( θ / 2) 5. A = x + y , Tanθ =
2 2

208 NARAYANAGROUP
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- VOL - VI VECTORS
6. x1 y1 z1
27. x = y = z
F2
F 2 2 2

F1 = F cos 300 , F2 = F sin 30 0 LEVEL - I (H.W)

0
30
F1 ADDITION,SUBTRACTION AND
7.
RESOLUTION OF VECTORS
ur ur
6N
0 10 N
1. If A = 3iˆ − 4 ˆj and B = −iˆ − 4 ˆj , calculate the
ur uur
53 0
37
direction of A − B.
1) along positive x- axis 2) along negative x-axis
3) along positive y- axis 4) along negative y -axis
2. The resultant of the forces
p
ur r uur uur
6 ˆj + 10 cos 53 ˆj + 10 cos 37iˆ + P = 0 solve for P F1 = 4iˆ − 3 ˆj and F2 = 6iˆ + 8 ˆj is
ur uur
8. V 1 = 5iˆ + 5 ˆj , V2 = 2 3iˆ + 2 ˆj 1) 5 5 2) 10iˆ − 5 ˆj 3) 125 4) −2iˆ − 3 ˆj
Y 3. The vector sum of two vectors of magnitudes 10
V1 units and 15 units can never be
1) 20 units 2) 22 units 3) 18 units 4) 3 units
4. A car moves 40m due east and turns towards
V2 y1 y
Tanθ1 = ,Tan θ 2 = 2 north and moves 30m then turns 450 east of north
x1 x2 and moves 20 2m. The net displacement of car
θ1 θ2 is ( east is taken positive x -axis, North as positive
9. → InYZ plane x = 0 , ur
X
y - axis)
A = Ay + Az
2 2

1) 50iˆ + 60 ˆj 2) 60iˆ + 50 ˆj 3) 30iˆ + 40 ˆj 4) 40iˆ + 30 ˆj

ur
→ In XZ plane y = 0 , A = Ax + Az
2 2 5. A bird moves in such a way that it has a
displacement of 12 m towards east, 5 m towards
north and 9 m vertically upwards. Find the
magnitude of its displacement
10. mg sin θ 1) 5 2m 2) 5 10m 3) 5 5m 4) 5m
θ
6. An aeroplane is heading north east at a speed
11. S = x + y 2 + z 2
2
of 141.4 ms −1 . The northward component of its
A A A velocity is
cos α = urx , cos β = ury , cos γ = urz 1) 141.4 ms −1 2) 100 ms −1 3) zero 4) 50 ms −1
12. A A A 7. The unit vector parallel to the resultant of the
ur ur
x1 y1 z1 r r r r vectors A = 4i$ + 3j$ + 6k$ and B = −$i + 3j$ − 8k$ is
13. x = y = z 14. Ft = mV 15. W = F .S
r r2 1 ^ ^ ^ 1 ^ ^ ^
1) 7  3 i + 6 j− 2 k  2) 7  3 i + 6 j+ 2 k 
2 2

A.B rr    
16. cosθ = Ar Br 17. a.b = ab cos 900 1  ^ ^ ^  1  ^ ^ ^ 
3) 49  3 i + 6 j− 2 k  4) 49  3 i − 6 j+ 2 k 
r r
r r r    
a .b
18. a .b = 0 , b = 3 5 19. b cos θ = 8. The vector parallel to 4iˆ − 3 ˆj + 5kˆ and whose
a
r r 2 length is the arithmetic mean of lengths of two
20. A . B = a − 2a − 3 = 0 ⇒ ( a − 3 )( a + 1) = 0
r r r r vectors 2iˆ − 4 ˆj + 4kˆ and iˆ + 6 ˆj + 3kˆ is
r r F .S 1 − A . B 1 − cos θ
21. P = F .V = 22. r r= 1) 4iˆ − 3 ˆj + 5kˆ 2) (4iˆ − 3 ˆj + 5kˆ) / 3
t 1 + A . B 1 + cos θ
r r ur 3) (4iˆ − 3ˆj + 5kˆ)/ 2 4) (4iˆ − 3ˆj + 5kˆ) / 5
23. Torque of the force, τ = r × F
r
1 r r 9. The direction cosines of a vector A are
24. Area of triangle = A × B
2 4 1 3
cos α = , cos β = and cos γ = then the
25. ab cos θ = 48 3 , ab sin θ = 144 5 2 2 5 2
r r r
vector A is
26. Area of parallelogram = A × B
1) 4iˆ + ˆj + 3kˆ 2) 4iˆ + 5 ˆj + 3kˆ
NARAYANAGROUP 209
 VECTORS JEE-ADV PHYSICS-VOL
JEE MAINS -I
- VOL - VI
r
3) 4iˆ − 5 ˆj − 3kˆ 4) iˆ + 5 ˆj − kˆ 20. If the vectors A = aiˆ + ˆj − 2kˆ and
r r
10. Given two vectors A = ˆi - 2 ˆj - 3kˆ and B = aiˆ − ajˆ + kˆ are perpendicular to each
r r r
B = 4iˆ - 2ˆj + 6kˆ . The angle made by (A + B) other then the positive value of 'a' is
with the X - axis is (2007 M) 1) Zero 2) 1 3) 2 4) 3
1) 30 0 2) 45 0 3) 60 0 4) 900
(
11.To go from town A to town B a plane must fly 21. When a force 8iˆ + 4 ˆj newton displaces a )
about1780 km atan angleof300 West of north.
How far West of A is B ?
( )
particle through 3iˆ − 3 ˆj metre, the power is
1) 1542km 2) 1452 km 3) 1254 km 4) 890 km 0.6W. The time of action of the force is
12. A vector iˆ + 3 ˆj rotates about its tail through
an angle 600 in clockwise direction then the new 1) 20s 2) 7.2s 3) 72s 4) 2s
r
vector is 22. If ar and b are two unit vectors and the angle
1) iˆ + 3 ˆj 2) 3$i - 4 $j 3) 2 ˆj 4) 2iˆ r r
(1 + a.b)
r r is
between them is 600 then
(1- a.b )
MULTIPLICATION OFA VECTOR BYA
SCALAR
r r 1) 2 2) 3 3) 0 4) 1/2
13. If a = 2iˆ + 6 ˆj + mkˆ and b = niˆ + 18 ˆj + 3kˆ are
parallel to each other then values of m,n are
1) 1,6 2) 6,1 3) -1,6 4) -1,-6
VECTOR PRODUCT (OR) CROSS
14. A particle has an initial velocity (6iˆ +8 ˆj) ms–1 PRODUCT
ur r
ˆ + 3 ˆj − kˆ and r = iˆ − ˆj + 6kˆ find rr × ur
(
$ $ –2
)
and an acceleration of 0.8i + 0.6 j ms . Its
23. If F = 2 i F
speed after 10s is 1) −17$i + 13 $j + 5k$ 2) −17$i − 13 $j − 5k$
1)20 ms–12) 7 2 ms–1 3) 10 ms–1 4) 14 2 ms-1
3) 3$i + 4 $j − 5k$ 4) −3$i − 4 $j + 5k$
SCALAR PRODUCT (OR) DOT PRODUCT
15. A motor boat is going in a river with velocity 24. Two sides of a triangle are given by $i + $j + k$
ur
V = 4$i − 2 $j + k$ ms −1 If the resisting force due and −$i + 2j$ + 3k$ , then area of triangle is
ur
( )
to stream is, F = 5$i − 10 $j + 6k$ N . Then the 1) 26 2) 26 / 2 3) 46 4) 26
power of the motor boat is. 25. The magnitude of scalar and vector products of
1) 100 w 2) 50 w 3) 46 w 4) 23 w
two vectors are 144 and 48 3 respectively. What
16. The angle between the two vectors -2i$ + 3j- $ kˆ
is the angle between the two vectors ?
and ˆi + 2jˆ + 4kˆ is 1) 300 2) 450 3) 600 4) 900
1) 00 2) 900 3)1800 4)450
ur ur 26. Area of a parallelogram formed by vectors
17. If a vector A = 2i + 2 j + 3k, and B = 3i + 6 j + nk ,
ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ
are perpendicular to each other then the value of
ˆ ˆ
( ) ( )
3iˆ - 2jˆ + kˆ m and ˆi + 2jˆ + 3kˆ m as adjacent sides
`n’ is is
1) 4 2) 12 3) 6 4) -6 1) 3 8 m2 2) 24 m2 3) 8 3m2 4) 4 3m 2
18. A vector parallel to the vector (i + 2 j ) and
$ $
27. Find the values of x and y for which vectors
having magnitude 3 5 units is ur ur
A = 6$i + x $j - 2k$ and B = 5$i - 6 $j - yk$ may be
1) 3 iˆ + 6 ĵ 2) 6 iˆ –3 ĵ 3) 4 iˆ –2 ĵ 4) iˆ –2 ĵ
r r parallel
19. If A = 5iˆ − 2 ˆj + 3kˆ and B = 2iˆ + ˆj + 2kˆ ,
r r 1) x = 0, y =
2
2) x =
−36
,y =
5
component of B along A is 3 5 3
14 28 28 14
1) 2) 3) 4) −15 23 36 15
38 38 38 38 3) x = ,y= 4) x = , y =
3 5 3 14
210 NARAYANAGROUP
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JEE MAINS -I
- VOL - VI VECTORS

LEVEL -I (H.W) - KEY r r

iˆ ˆj kˆ
r × F = 1 −1 6
01) 1 02) 1 03) 4 04) 2 05) 2 06) 2 23.
2 3 −1
07) 1 08) 3 09) 2 10) 2 11)4 12)4
13)1 14) 4 15) 3 16) 2 17) 4 18)1 1 r r
19)4 20) 3 21) 1 22) 2 23)1 24) 2 24. Area of triangle = A× B
2
25)1 26) 3 27)2
25. ab cos θ = 144 , ab sin θ = 48 3
r r
LEVEL -I (H.W) - HINTS 26. Area of parallelogram = A × B
ur ur 6 x −2
1. Ar− Buur= 4iˆ
uu 27. 5 = −6 = − y
2. F +F
ur1 ur 2
3. P, Q are two vectors ; P + Q ≥ R ≥ P − Q LEVEL - II (C.W)
Y

30 ˆj 20 2
4. ADDITION,SUBTRACTION AND RESO-
450
40iˆ
X LUTION OF VECTORS
5. S = x 2 + y2 + z 2 1. A man travels 1 mile due east, then 5 miles
due south, then 2 miles due east and finally 9
6. 141.4r sinr 450 miles due north. His displacement is
A+ B 1) 3 miles 2) 5 miles
7. nˆ = r r ;
A+ B 3) 4 miles 4) between 5 and 9 miles
ur ur ur r
ur r
8. K=
| B|+|C |
and D = K
A
ur
A
2.
r
( )
Three forces F1 = a iˆ − ˆj + kˆ , F2 = 2iˆ − 3 ˆj + 4kˆ
2
r and F3 = 8iˆ − 7 ˆj + 6kˆ act simultaneously on a
9. A = Ax iˆ + Ay ˆj + Az kˆ particle. If the particle is in equilibrium, the
x value of a is
10. cos θ = x 2 + y2 + z 2 1) 10 2) -10 3) 8 4) 2
11. x = d sin θ 3. If a particle is displaced from (0,0,0) to a point
r in XY - plane which is at a distance of 4 units in
12. w.r.t x-axis initially θ = 60 , A = 2 units
0
a direction making an angle clock wise 600 with
r1 the negative x-axis. What is the final position
on rotation θ1 = 00 , A = 2 units vector of the particle ?
2 6 m
13. = = 1) −2iˆ + 2 3 ˆj 2) 2iˆ + 2 3 ˆj
r n 18 3
14. V = ur + at
r
3) 2 ˆj + 2 3kˆ 4) 2 3 ˆj + 2kˆ
ur ur
15. P = F .V
r r 4. Cosines of angles made by a vector with X, Y
A.B r r axes are 3 / 5 2 , 4 / 5 2 respectively. If the
16. cos θ = 17. A . B = 0
rAB magnitude of the vector is 10 2 then that
r A
18. B = K Ar vector is
r r 1) 8iˆ + 6 ˆj − 10kˆ 2) 6iˆ − 8 ˆj − 10kˆ
a .b
19. b cos θ =
r r
a 3) −6iˆ − 8 ˆj + 10kˆ 4) 6iˆ + 8 ˆj + 10kˆ
20. A . B = a − a − 2 = 0 ; ( a − 2 )( a + 1) = 0
2
ur
r r 5. If a vector A makes angles 450 and 600 with x
F .S and y axis respectively then the angle made
21. t =
P
r r
by it with z - axis is
1+ a .b 1 + cos θ 2  θ
22. 1 − ar . br = 1 − cos θ = cot  2  1) 300 2) 600 3) 900 4) 1200
 

NARAYANAGROUP 211
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r
6. A vector Q which has a magnitude of 8 is added 13. Velocity and acceleration vectors of charged
r particle moving perpendicular to the direction
to the vector P which lies along the
of magnetic field at a given instant of time are
X-axis. The resultant of these two vectors is a r r
r v = $ + cj$ and a = 3i$ + 4$j respectively. Then
2i
third vector R which lies along the Y-axis and
r the value of ‘c’ is (2007 E)
has a magnitude twice that of P . The magnitude
r 1) 3 2) 1.5 3) – 1.5 4) –3
of P is
14. Dot product is used in the determination of
6 8 12 16 a) Work done by a force
1) 2) 3) 4) b) Power developed by an automobile moving with
5 5 5 5
uniform velocity.
SCALAR PRODUCT (OR) DOT PRODUCT c) The normal flux linked with a coil kept in magnetic
ur field.
ˆ ˆ
7. If V = 3i + 4j then, with what scalar ‘C’ must d) The force acting on a conductor carrying current
it be multiplied so that C V = 7 . 5 kept in a magnetic field.
1)a,d aretrue 2)b,d aretrue
1) 0.5 2)2.5 3)1.5 4)3.5 3)a,b,c aretrue 4)c,d aretrue
8. The angle between the diagonals of a cube with
edges of unit length is VECTOR PRODUCT OR CROSS PRODUCT
15. The unit vectorur perpendicular to
1) sin −1 (1 3) 2) cos−1 (1 3) ur
A = 2i + 3 ˆj + kˆ and B = iˆ − ˆj + kˆ is
ˆ
3) tan −1 (1 3) 4) cot −1 (1 3) 1)
4 iˆ − ˆj − 5 kˆ
2)
4 iˆ − ˆj + 5 kˆ
ur 42 42
9. The angle made by the vector A = 2iˆ + 3 ˆj 4 iˆ + ˆj + 5kˆ 4iˆ + ˆj − 5kˆ
with Y-axis is 3) 4)
42 42
r r r r
−1
1) tan  2 
 3 −1 2
2) tan  3 
r r r r
(
16. Find the value of a + b × a − b = ) ( )
   
(
1) a × b
rr
) 2) 2 a × b
r r
( )
−1  2 
3) sin  3 
 
−1  3 
4) cos  2 
 
3) −2 a.b ( ) 4) −2 a × b ( )
10. If l1,m1,n1 and l2,m2,n2 are the directional cosines LEVEL -II (C.W) - KEY
of two vectors and θ is the angle between
1) 2 2) 2 3) 1 4) 4 5) 2 6)2
them,then their value of cos θ is 7) 3 8) 2 9)2 10) 1 11) 3 12) 1
13) 3 14) 3 15) 1 16) 4
1) l1l2 + m1m2 + n1n2
2) l1m1 + m1n1 + n1l1 LEVEL - II (C.W) - HINTS
3) l2 m2 + m2 n2 + n2 l2 9m

4) m1l2 + l2 m2 + n1m2 4m 5m
ur ur ur ur =
11. If A + B = C , then magnitude of B is 1. 1m 5m 3m
ur ur
1) C − A 2) C - A
r r r2m
uur ur ur ur uurur ur ur 2. F1 + F2 + F3 = 0
3) C.B − A.B 4) C. A − B.A
r r r 3. ( x, y, z ) = (−4cos 600 , 4 sin 600 , 0)
12. If a = mb + c . The scalar m is
ur r r r ur r r r 4. cos 2 α + cos 2 β + cos 2 γ = 1
a.b - b.c c.b - a.c A Ay A
1)
b2
2)
a2 where cos α = x , cos β = , cos γ = z
ur r r r ur r r r ur A A A
c.a - b.c a.b - b.c ∴ A = Ax i + Ay j + Az k
ˆ ˆ ˆ
3) 4)
c2 a2 5. cos 2 α + cos 2 β + cos 2 γ = 1

212 NARAYANAGROUP
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r r r r 3. O is a point on the ground chosen as origin. A
6. Q = 8, P + Q = R ;
body first suffers a displacement of 10 2 m
Ry = 2 Px ; ( Px + Qx ) + Qy = Ry North - East, next 10 m north and finally 10 2
North-West. How far it is from the origin ?
Qx2 + Qy2 = 64 ⇒ Px2 + 4 Px2 = 64 1) 30 m north 2) 30 m south
3) 30 m west 4) 30 m east
r 7.5 3
7. V = 32 + 42 = 5 ; CV = 7.5 ⇒ C = = 4. If the two directional cosines of a vectors are
5 2 1 1
uur uur
uur uur d1.d 2 and then the value of third directional
d1 = $i + $j + k$ ; d 2 = $i + $j − k$ ; cosθ = d d
8. 2 3
1 2
cosine is

cos θ =
( 2 iˆ + 3 ˆj ) . ( ˆj ) 1.
1
2.
1
3.
1
4.
1
9. 6 5 7 10
4+9
ur ur
A.B SCALAR PRODUCT (OR) DOT PRODUCT
10. cos θ = uAr uBr ur
5. A force F = 3iˆ + cjˆ + 2kN
ˆ acting on a particle
ur ur ur ur ur ur rr r r r ur
11. A.B + B.B = C.B 12. mb.b = ( a − c ) .b causes a displacement S = −4iˆ + 2 ˆj − 3kˆ m . If
r r the workdone is 6 joule, the value of c is
13. v . a = 0 1) 0 2) 1 3) 12 4) 6
r r r r r r r r r r r r
14. a ) W = F .S ; b) P = F .vr c ) φ = B. A; b) F = idl × B 6. If a and b are two unit vector such that a + 2b
r r r r
A× B and 5a − 4b are perpendicular to each other
15. n = Ar × Br r r
ˆ
then the angle between a and b is.
16.properties of vector product 1) 1200 2) 900 3) 600 4) 450
ur ur
7. If A = 9i$ − 7$j + 5k$ and B = 3i$ − 2j$ − 6k$
LEVEL - II (H.W) ur ur ur ur
( )(
then the value of A + B . A − B is )
1)206 2)128 3)106 4) -17
ADDITION,SUBTRACTION &RESOLU-
8. The work done by a force 2i$ − $j + 5k$ when it
TION OF VECTORS displaces the body from a point (3,4,6) to a point
1. A particle has a displacement of 12 m towards (7,2,5) is
east then 5 m towards north and then 6 m verti- 1)5units 2) 7units 3)1units 4)15units
cally upwards the resultant displacement is nearly ur ur
1) 10.04 m 2) 12.10 m 3) 14.32 m 4) 13.06 m 9. The component of A along B is 3 times that
ur ur
2. Four co-planar concurrent forces are acting on of the component of B along A .Then A:B is
a body as shown in the figure to keep it in
equilibrium. Then the values of P and θ are. 1) 1: 3 2) 3 :1 3) 2: 3 4) 3 : 2
ur ur
( ) ( )
10. If A = 2i$ + 3j$ and B = $i - $j then
ur
3N

component of A perpendicular to vector

P
ur
θ 0
90
1N
1) P = 4N , θ = 00 B and in the same plane is
( )
0
O
2) P= 2N, θ =900 5 $ $
( )
60
5 $ $ i+ j
1) i+ j 2)
3) P = 2N , θ = 00 2 2

( )
5 $ $
( )
5 $ $
2N

4) P= 4N, θ =900 3) i+ j 4) i+k

2 2

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- VOL - VI
r r r r r ur ur ur ur
11. If A + B = R and 2A + B is perpendicular to A.B A.B
r 9. A cos θ = ur and Bcos θ = ur ;
B then B A
1) A = R 2) B = 2R 3) B = R 4) B = A
A cos θ = 3B cos θ
ur ur ur
( )
Vector product (or) cross product µ Bµ
10. C = A - A.B
ur
sin θ ˆj , what will be the 11. ( 2 Ar + Br ) . Br = 0 ⇒ 2 AB cosθ = − B 2
1 1
12. If A = cos θ ˆi +
2 2 r ur
unit vector perpendicular to A ur ur B
12. A × B = ABnˆ ; B = ˆ
B
1) cos θˆi + sin θˆj 2) − cos θˆi + sin θˆj 13. properties of vector product
cos θˆi + sin θˆj 1 r r
3) 4) sin θˆi − cos θˆj 14. area of parallelogram = d1 × d 2
2 2
(iˆ + ˆj ) × (iˆ − ˆj ) =
NOTE : LEVEL-III MODELS ARE INCLUDED IN MOTION
13. IN A PLANE CHAPTER

1) -2 k̂ 2) 2 k̂ 3) zero 4) 2 iˆ
LEVEL - IV
14. The
r diagonals of ra parallelogram are
A = 2i − 3 ˆj + kˆ and B = − 2iˆ + 4 ˆj − kˆ What is
ˆ Matching Type
r r
the area of the parallelogram ? 1. Given two vectors a = xi$ − 4 $j and b = 6$i + 2 $j .
For value of x match the following
5 Column-I Column-II
1) 2 units 2) 4 units 3) 5 units 4) units r r
2
LEVEL - II (H.W) - KEY a) a is perpendicular to b p) x = −12
r
b) a is either parallel or
1) 3 2) 2 3) 1 4) 1 5) 3 6) 3 r
7) 3 8) 1 9) 2 10)1 11)1 12) 4 antiparallel to b q) x = 2 6
13) 1 14) 4 r r
( )
c) a + b is perpendicular
r r
to ( a − b )
LEVEL - II (H.W) -HINTS 4
r) x =
3
1. S = x 2 + y2 + z 2 r r
d) ( a + b ) is parallel to
2. P cos θ + 3 = 2sin 600 r r
P sin θ = 1 + 2cos 600
(a − b) s) x = −6
r r r
2. If a , b and c represent the sides of a
3. s1 = 10$i + 10 $j , s2 = 10 $j , s3 = −10$i + 10 $j uur uur
→ → →

triangle and d1 and d 2 are the diagonals of

→ → → → a parallelogram generated by the triangle
s = s1 + s 2 + s3 r r r
formed by the vectors a , b and c .
4. cos 2 γ = 1 − cos 2 α − cos2 β ; Column-I Column-II
r r
5.
→ → a) a + b p) Diagonal
W = F.S r r r
 →
 → →
 → b) ( a × b ) .c q) Area
6.  a + 2b  .  5a − 4b  = 0
   1 uur uur
ur ur ur ur c) d1 × d 2 r) zero
7. ( ) (
A + B . A − B = A2 − B 2 ) 2
r r r r
ur ur ur ur ur
8. W = F .S = F . r2 − r1 ( ) d) a − b s) a × b

214 NARAYANAGROUP
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- VOL - VI VECTORS
ur
3. The component of A = 5$i + 4 $j + k$ along 7. Column-I Column-II
rr r r
Column-I Column-II a) a .b = 1 p) a ⊥ b
a) x-axis p) 1 unit rr r r
b) y-axis q) 5 units b) a .b = 0 q) a ↑↑ b
c) z-axis
ur
r) 4 units rr r r
c) a .b = ab r) a ↓↓ b
d) B = 2$i − 2 $j + k$ s) 2 units
rr r r
4. Column-I Column-II d) a .b = − ab s) a ↑↑ b & both are unit
r r
a) a, b are unit p) 0 vectors
r r r r
( ) ( )
8. Column-I Column-II
vectors and a + 2b ⊥ 5a − 4b , r r r r
rr a) a + b = a - b p) Not possible either
( )
then 2 a.b is equal to r r r r
b) a + b = a - b q) θ = 900
b) The points (1,0,3),(-1,3,4), q) -1
(1,2,1) (t,2,5) are coplanar, r r rr
c) a × b = a.c r) b=0
then t is equal to
c) The vectors (1,1,m), r) 1 r r rr
d) a × b = a.c s) θ = 450
(1,1,m+1), (1,-1,m) are coplanar,
then value of m is 9. Column-I Column-II
r r r r r r r r r r
r a
( ) ( ) (
d) a × b × c + b × c × a + c a × b s) 2 ) a) a = $
r r
p) If θ1 = θ 2 , b = c
is equal to a
rr rr
5. Column-I Column-II b) a.b = a.c q) Not possible
π r r r r
a) Volume of the parallelepiped p)
4 c) a + b = b − a r) θ = 900

with its edges represented q)

π r r r r
3 d) a × b = b × a s) For any angle θ
π between two vectors
by the vectors $i + $j, $i + 2 $j r)
2 10. Column-I Column-II
and $i + $j + π k$ r r
a) a × b = c$ p) Not possible
b) Angle between vectors s) π r r r r
r r r r r b) a × b = ab q) a ↑↑ b
a and b , where a, b and c r r
r r r r c) a × b = 0 r) Both are unit vectors mutually
are unit vectors satisfying a + b + 3 c = 0 perpendicular
r r r r r r
6. If a = ax $i + a y $j + az k$ , b = bx $i + by $j + bz k$ , we d) a × b = −b × a s) Any angle θ between
have r r
Column-I Column-II a and b
rr 11. Column-I Column-II
a) a .b p) a x = bx , a y = b y , a z = bz
rr rr
r r a) Parallel vectors p) a.b = 0
b) a = b q) a.b = 0
r r r r
c) a ↑↑ b r) a x bx + a y b y + a z b z b) Perpendicular vectors q) a × b = 0
r
r r a x a y az $a = a
d) a ⊥ b s) b = b = b c) Axial vector r) a
x y z

d) Unit vector s) a$ = b$ × c$

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- VOL - VI
12. Column-I Column-II 18. Statements -1: If the magnitude of the sum of
two unit vectors is a unit vector, then magnitude
a) $j.i$ p) −k$ of their difference is 3
r r r r
b) $j + $i q) 2 Statements -2: a + b = a + b

c) k$ + k$ r) 2 19. Statements -1:Angle between $i + $j and $i is 450 .

Statements -2: $i + $j is equally inclined to both

d) $j × $i s) 0
$i and $j and the angle between $i and $j is 900
Statement Type Questions
rr rr r
1.Statement I is true and statement II is true 20. Statements -1: If a.b = b.c , then a may not
r
2.Statement I is true and statement II is false always be equal to c .
3.Statement I is false and statement II is true Statements -2: The dot product of two vectors
4.Statement I is false and statement II is false involves cosine of the angle between the two
vectors.
13. Statements -1: A physical quantity cannot be
called as a vector if its magnitude is zero. 21. Statements-1: The value of
Statements -2: A vector has both magnitude and ( ) ( ) ( )
$i. $j × k$ + $j. k$ × $i + k.
$ $i × $j is equal to 3
direction
r r $ b,
Statements-2: If a, $ c$ are mutually
14. Statements -1: a × b is perpendicular to both
r r r r $ b,
$ c$  = 1
a + b as well as a − b . perpendicular unit vectors, then  a, 
r r r r uur uur uur
Statements -2: a + b as well as a − b lie in the 22. Statements -1: In ∆abc , ab + bc + ca = 0
r r r r
plane containing a and b , but a × b lies uur r uur r
r r Statements-2: If oa = a,ob = b , then
perpendicular to the plane containing a and b uur r r
15. Statements -1: Minimum number of non-equal ab = a + b (triangle law of addition)
vectors in a plane required to give zero resultant r r r r
is three. 23. Statements -1 : If a + b = a − b , then angle
r r
r r r between a and b is 900
Statements -2: If a + b + c = 0 , then they must
lie in one plane r r r r
Statements -2: a + b = b + a
r r r r r r r r r
16. Let a + b + c = 0, a = 3, b = 5, c = 7 24. Statements -1 : Let a = $i + $j and b = $i − $j be

r r 2π two vectors. Angle between a$ + b$ and

a$ − b$ = 900
Statements -1: Angle between a and b is
3
r r2 r2 r2 rr r r r r
Statements -2: a + b = a + b + 2 a.b Statements -2: Projection of a + b on a − b is
zero.
17. Statements -1: The cross product of a vector r r
with itself is a null vector. 25. Statements -1 : a = b does not imply that
Statements -2: The cross product of two vectors r r
a=b
results in a vector quantity.
r r r r
Statements -2: If a = b , then a = b

216 NARAYANAGROUP
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- VOL - VI VECTORS
r r
26. Statements -1 : If θ be the angle between a 33. Statements -1: The vector product of a force F
r r r
and displacement r is equal to the work done.
r a×b
and b , then tan θ = r r Statements -2: Work done is not a vector.
a.b
r r
r r rr 34. Statements -1: If a is perpendicular to b and
Statements -2: a × b is perpendicular to a.b r r r r
r r r r r r
(
c , then a × b × c = 0 )
27. Statements -1 : τ = r × F and τ ≠ F × r r r
Statements -2: If b is perpendicular to c , then
r r
Statements -2: Cross product of vectors is b× c = 0
commutative. 35. Statements -1: The sum and difference of two
r vectors will be equal in magnitude, when the two
28. Statements -1 :The scalar product of a force F vectors are perpendicular to each other.
r
and displacement r is equal to the work done. Statements -2: If either of the two vectors is a
null vector.
Statements -2: Work done is not a scalar.
29. Statements -1:If dot product and cross product
r r LEVEL-IV-KEY
of a and b are zero, it implies that one of the
r r Matching Type Questions
vector a and b must be a null vector..
1) a → r,, b → p, c → q, d→p
Statements -2: Null vector is a vector with zero 2) a → p, b → r,, c → s, d→p
magnitude. 3) a → q, b → r, c → p, d → p
r 4) a → r,, b → q, c → p, d→p
30. Statements-1: a = $i + pj$ + 2k$ and
r 5) a → s, b → q,
b = 2i$ + 3j$ + qk$ are parallel vectors if
6) a → r,, b → p, c → s, d →q
3
p = ,q = 4 . 7) a → s, b → p, c → q, d →r
2
8) a → r,, b → q, c → s, d→p
r
Statements -2: If a = a1 $i + a 2 $j + a 3 k$ and 9) a → q, b → p, c → r,, d→s
r 10) a → r,, b → p, c → q, d→ s
b = b1 $i + b 2 $j + b 3 k$ are parallel, then
11) a → q, b → p, c → s, d →r
a1 a 2 a 3
= = 12) a → s, b → q, c → r,, d→p
b1 b 2 b 3
Statement type questions
31. Statements -1: A null vector is a vector whose
magnitude is zero and direction is arbitrary. 13) 3 14) 1 15) 1 16) 1 17) 1
18) 2 19) 1 20) 1 21) 1 22) 2
Statements -2: A null vector does not exist.
23) 1 24) 1 25) 1 26) 2 27) 2
r r
32. Let a and b be two vectors inclined at an angle 28) 2 29) 1 30) 1 31) 2 32) 1
π 33) 3 34) 2 35) 1
θ , where 2 < θ < π .
r r r r
Statements -1: a + b < a − b

r r2 rr
Statements -2: a + b = a 2 + b 2 + 2a.b

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