AAERT SID SEM : 3

FURNITURE
DESIGN
SUBMITTED TO:

AR. BANKIM DAVE

AR. AMEE MERCHNAT
AR. UMAMG DALA
 TOPIC
PLYWOOD ,
PARTICLE BOARD ,
MDF – HDF ,
BLOCK BOARD
DEFINITION:
• PANELS COMPRISING OF AT LEAST THREE LAYERS OF
THIN WOOD BONDED TOGETHER WITH AN ADHESIVE.

• EACH PLY IS UAUALLY ORIENTATED AT A RIGHT ANGLE

TO THE ADJACENT LAYER IN ORDER TO IMPROVE
STRENGTH AND REDUCE THE PROBABILITY OF
SHRINKAGE.

• PLYWOOD IS A MANUFACTURED WOOD EQUALLY PANEL

FROM THIN SHEET OF WOOD VENEER. IT IS ONE OF
THE MOSTLY USED WOOD PROUDUCTS.
• “FACE & BACK” ARE COMMANLY PREFERRED FOR OUTER
LAYER OF PLY AND GRADED ACCORDING TO THEIR
QUALITY THE INNER OR INTERMEDIATE LAYER ARE
COLLECTIVE KNOWN AS “CORE”.
• IT IS FLEXIBLE, INEXPENSIVE, WORKABLE & RE-USABLE
AND USUALLY CAN BE MANUFACTURED LOCALLY.
• PLYWOOD IS RESISTANCE TO CRACKING, SPLITTING,
SHRINKAGE, TWISTING AND HAS HIGH STRENGTH.
 PROCESS
• FIRST LOG IS SELECTED.
• THEN FROM 1 “ THK WOOD 32 CHIPS ARE REMOVED.
• LAYERS ARE STACK.
• FIRSTLY FACE IS PLACED THAN CORE IS KEPT ON IT AND ON IT FALI
IS KEPT THEN AGAIN CORE AND FACE IS KEPT THIS THINGS ARE
GLUED WITH THE HELP OF PHENOLIC RESIN AND UREA.
• THEY ARE PRESSED AT 1200 ⁰ C .
• WHITE PART IS MADE OF SILVER OAK AND DARK PART IS MADE OF
POPLAR.
• IF ONLY POPLAR IS USED PLYWOOD GETS SPLIT BY USING SILVER
OAK IT HELP IT GET PROTECTED WHILE NAILING.
• GURJAN AND HOLLONG WOOD ARE USED IN MAKING PLYWOOD.
 SEASONING
• FIRST ALL PLYWOOD ARE PLACED ON PALLETE.
• THEN THEY ARE TAKEN TO A ROOM WHERE THEY ARE DRIED.
• THEY ARE DRIED THERE FOR 7 DAYS.
• BEFORE MAKING PLYWOOD WOOD IS SEASONED SO
PLYWOOD SEASONING IS RARE.
• TEMPERATURE IS 500 ⁰- 600 ⁰ F
• COMMERCIAL PLYWOOD
• WATERPROOF PLYWOOD
• FLEXO PLYWOOD
• MARINE PLYWOOD
•SOFTWOOD PLYWOOD
•HARDWOOD PLYWOOD
•TROPICAL PLYWOOD
•AIRCRAFT PLYWOOD
•DECORATIVE PLYWOOD
• GURJAN, HOLLOCK, SILVER OAK WOOD ARE USE
IN COMMERCIAL PLYWOOD.
• IT IS AN INTERIOR GRADE PLYWOOD FOR INDOOR
USE.
•IT HAS LIGHT COLOR SHADES.
 WATERPROOF PLYWOOD
• WATERPROOF PLY IS MOSTLY USED IN MR GRADE
• (MOISTURE RESISTANT).IT REACTS WITH BOTH ALUMINIUM
AND MARINE PLYWOOD.
• IT HAS BLACK COLORED SHADES.
• DUE TO CHEMICAL USED IN IT , IT DON’ T GET AFFECTED BY
TERMITE.
• BLACK COLOR IS ALSO DUE TO CHEMICAL USED.
 FLEXO PLYWOOD
• IT IS FLEXIBLE AND IS USED FOR MAKING CURVED PARTS.
• IN IT THE GRAINS ARE NOT ADJACENT AN SO IT BEND.
• AS ALL THE GRAINS GO IN ONE DIRECTION.
 MARINE PLYWOOD
• IT IS A FORM OF PLYWOOD THAT HS BEEN CONSTRUCTED
USING WATERPROOF TO MAKE IT SUITABLE FOR USE IN WET
ENVIORNMENTS INCLUDING A HOME BUILT BOAT , AND
OTHER STRUCTURES.
• IT MAY SERVE AS UNDERLAYMENT OF YOUR BOAT VINYL DECK
COVER , THE WALL AND COMPARTMENT OVERHEAD PANELS
ON YOUR BOAT.
 SOFTWOOD PLYWOOD
• SOFTWOOD PANEL IS USUALLY MADE EITHER OF CEDAR , PINE
, REDWOOD , AND IS USED FOR CONSTRUCTION AND
INDUSTRIAL PURPOSE .
• THE MOST COMMON DIMENSION IS 1.2 M X 2.4 M OR LARGE
IMPERIAL 4’ X 8’.
• THICKNESS IS FROM 1.4 MM – 4.3 MM.
 HARDWOOD PLYWOOD
• IT IS MADE FROM ANGIOSPERMS TREES AND IS USED FOR
DEMANDING END USES.
• IT IS CHARCTERIZED BY EXCELLENT STRENGTH , STIFFNESS .
• ESPECIALLY SUITABLE FOR HEAVY DUTY FLOOR AND WALL
STRUCTURES.
• IT HAS EXCELLENT SURFACE HARDNESS , DAMAGE AND WEAR
RESISTANCE.
 TROPICAL PLYWOOD
• TROPICAL PLYWOOD IS MADE FROM SPECIES OF TROPICAL
WOOD.
• ORIGINALLY FROM THE ASIAN REGION , IT IS NOW ALSO
MANUFACTURED IN AFRICAN AND SOUTH AMERICAN
COUNTRIES.
• TROPICAL PLYWOOD IS SUPERIOR TO SOFTWOOD PLYWOOD
DUE TO ITS STRENGTH , DENSITY AND HIGH QUALITY
• TROPICAL PLYWOOD IS USED WIDELY IN UK , JAPAN , US ,
TAIWAN , DUBAI AND OTHER COUNTRIES.
 AIRCRAFT PLYWOOD
• HIGH STRENGTH PLYWOOD IS ALSO KNOWN AS AIRCRAFT
PLYWOOD.
• IT IS MADE FROM BIRCH AND MAHOGANY AND USES
ADHESIVE WITH INCREASED RESISTANCE TO HEAT AND
HUMIDITY.
• IT IS USED FOR SEVERAL WORLD WAR 2 FIGHTER AIRCRAFT .
• ALTHOUGH THE BRITISH BUILT MOSQUITO BOMBER
NICKNAMED “THE WOODEN WONDER” WAS CONSTRUCTED
OF A PLYWOOD THIS WAS FORMED BY INDIVIUAL VENEERS OF
BIRCH , BALSA RATHER THAN MACHINED FROM PRE –
LAMINATED PLYWOOD SHEETS.
 DECORATIVE PLYWOOD
• USUALLY FACED WITH HARDWOOD INCLUDING ASH , OAK ,
RED OAK , BIRCH , MAPLE , MAHOGANY , ROSE WOOD , TEAK
AND LARGE NUMBER OF OTHER WOODS.
• THIS PLYWOOD IS LOT EASIER TO DYE AND DRAW ON THAN
ANY OTHER PLYWOOD.
• FABRIC BONDED ARE ALSO ADDED ON TOP OF PLYWOOD AT
BOTH SIDE AS KIND OF READY FOR USE IN DECORATION FIELD.
• BWR : BOILING WATER RESISTANT
• BWP : BOILING WATER PROOF
THIS GRADE IS MOSTLY USED IN KITCHENS.
• MR : MOISTURE RESISTANT
• 8FT X 4FT

• 7FT X 4FT

• 6FT X 4FT

• 8FT X 3FT

• 7FT X 3FT

• 6FT X 3FT
THICKNESS (MM) MR COMMERCIAL PLY PF PLY
PRICE PER SQ.FT PRICE PER SQ.FT
4 MM 45.37 55.89

6MM 54.25 70.10

8MM 68.69 80.76

12MM 80.90 102.63

15MM 103.04 130.64

18MM 115.20 146.36

(ALL PRICE IN SQURE FEET)

(MM = MILI METRE)
GREEN PLY PLYWOOD RATES
GREEN CLUB PLUS
THICKNESS RATE (SQ / FT )
4 MM 132-00
6 MM 162-00
9 MM 195-00
12 MM 249-00
16 MM 319-00
19 MM 359-00
25 MM 566-00
 GREEN CLUB

THICKNESS RATE ( SQ / FT)

4 MM 109-00
6 MM 134-00
9 MM 161-00
12 MM 211-00
16 MM 264-00
19 MM 298-00
25 MM 469-00
• PLYWOOD IS CONSTRUCTED OF LAYERS OF WOOD
GLUED TOGETHER AT RIGHT ANGLES, WHICH GIVES IT ITS
STRENGTH. THIS LAYERING MAKE THE PLANKS RESISTANT
TO WARPING, CRACKING AND TWISTING, MAKING IT
IDEAL FOR USE IN CONSTRUCTION.

• IN ADDITION TO ITS STRENGTH, PLYWOOD IS LESS

EXPENSIVE THAN SIMILAR BOARDS MADE OF FULL WOOD
SPECIES, WHICH MAKES IT IDEAL AS A CONSTRUCTION
PLANKING MATERIAL.
•THE LAYERING EFFECT IN PLYWOOD MAKES IT POROUS
AND SUSCEPTIBLE TO WATER DAMAGE IF EXPOSED OVER
TIME. PLYWOOD BECOMES HEAVY WHEN WET AND
SHOULD BE COVERED IF LEFT OUTSIDE TO REDUCE THE
RISK OF WATER DAMAGE.
• PARTICLE BOARD IS ALSO KNOWN CHOPBOARD IS
AN ENGINEERED WOOD PRODUCT MANUFACTURED
FROM WOOD CHIPS, SAWMILL SHAVING, OR EVEN
SAWDUST AND A SYNTHETIC RESIN OR OTHER SUITABLE
BINDER, WHICH IS PRESSED AND EXTRUDED.ALSO
SUGARCANE CRUSH CAN BE USED.
•PARTICLE BOARD IS A COMPOSITE MATERIAL.
 PROCESS OF MAKING PARTICLE
BOARD
• WASTE WOOD ARE CRUSHED.
• THEN IS MIXED IN CHEMICAL CALLED RESIN.
• THEN MIXTURE IS HEATED IN BY PLACING IT IN MOULD.
• IT IS HEATED AT 750 ⁰ - 800 ⁰ C .
• PARTICLE BOARD IS CHEAPER, DENSER AND MORE UNIFORM
THAN CONVENTIONAL WOOD AND PLYWOOD AND IS
SUBSTITUTED FOR THEM WHEN APPEARANCE AND STRENGTH
ARE LESS IMPORTANT THAN COST.

• HOWEVER, PARTICLE BOARD CAN BE MADE MORE

ATTRACTIVE BY PAINTING OR THE USE OF WOOD VENEERS THAT
ARE GLUED ONTO SURFACES THAT WILL BE VISIBLE.

• THOUGH IT IS DENSER THAN CONVENTIONAL WOOD, IT IS THE

LIGHTEST AND WEAKEST TYPE OF FIBREBOARD, EXCEPT FOR
INSULATION BOARD. MEDIUM-DENSITY FIBREBOARD AND
HARDBOARD, ALSO CALLED HIGH-DENSITY FIBREBOARD, ARE
STRONGER AND DENSER THAN PARTICLEBOARD.
•CHEAPER THAN SOLID TIMBER .

•IT IS AVAILABLE IN LARGE FLAT SHEETS .

•SOLID TIMBER IS PRONE TO WARPING AND

SPLITTING WITH CHANGES IN HUMIDITY,
WHEREAS PARTICLEBOARD IS NOT.

•USE OF TIMBER VENEERS ON PARTICLEBOARD

HAS DECREASED THE DEMAND FOR NATIVE
HARDWOOD TIMBERS IN FURNITURE
CONSTRUCTION .
• IT IS RARELY USED OUTDOOR OR PLACES THAT
HAVE HIGH LEVEL OF MOISTURE WITH THE
EXCEPTION OF SOME BATHROOMS, KITCHENS AND
LAUNDRIES, WHERE IT IS COMMONLY USED AS AN
UNDERLAYMENT BENEATH A CONTINUOUS SHEET OF
VINYL FLOORING.

• CUTTING ARE NOT POSSIBLE ON PARTICLE BOARD.

• DESIGN CAN NOT BE MADE ON PARTICLE BOARD.

• SIZE : 8 X 4
•THICKNESS : 8-30 MM
• PRICE : 30 RS/SQ. FT. - 90 RS/SQ. FT.
 TESA
THICKNESS RATE ( INT) RATE (EXT)
9 MM 22.92 28.65
11 MM 26.88
12 MM 28.73 35.91
17 MM 38.19
25 MM 54.60 68.25
• MDF IS MADE OUT OF THE WASTAGE OF A HARDWOOD
AND SOFTOOD SAW DUST THAT IS COMPRESSED WITH HIGH
PRESSURE OF 400 DEGREES AND BINDED TOGETHER IN
THE FORM OF SHEETS AND THEN THEY CUT BY 8FT X 4FT.
• MDF IS GENERALLY DENSER THAN PLYWOOD.
• IT IS MANUFACTURING PROCESS IS DRY.
•IT IS HAS 2 GRADES:
A) EXTERIOR GRADE
B) INTERIOR GRADE
 PROCESS
• IT BEGN WITH THE SELECTION AND REFINEMENT OF RAW
MATERIALS , MOST OF WHICH ARE RECYCLED FROM
SHAVINGS AND CHIPS RECLAIMED FROM SAW MILLS AND
PLYWOOD PLANTS.
• FIRST ALL METAL IMPURITIES ARE REMOVED BY MAGNET.
• THEN LARGE CHUNKS AND SMALL FLAKES ARE SEPARATED .
• MATERIAL IS SENT THROUGH ELECTRIC DETECTOR AGAIN ,
WITH REJECTED MATERIAL TO BE REUSED FOR FUEL.
• GOOD MATERIAL IS COLLECTED AND SENT TO PRESTEAMING
BIN.
• IN BIN , STEAM IS INJECTED AND MATERIAL IS SOFTEN.
• FIBERS ARE THEN FED INTO SCREW FEEDER AND THEN INTO
PLUG SCREW FEEDER WHICH COMPRESSES IT AND REMOVES
MOISTURE.
• THE COMPRESSED MATERIAL IS FED INTO REFINER WHICH
TEARS THE MATERIAL INTO USUABLE FIBRES.
• RESIN IS ADDED BEFORE REFINING STEP TO CONTROL
FORMALDEHYDE TOLERANCE IN MIXTURE.
• FIBRES ARE THEN FED IN FLASH TUBE DRYER , WHICH IS
HEATED EITHER BY OIL OR GAS.
• NEXT , FIBER IS PUSHED INTO SCALP ROLLS TO MAKE MAT OF
UNIFORM THICKNESS.
• THIS MAT GOES THROUGH SEVERAL PRESSING STEPS TO
PRODCE MORE USABLE SIZE AND THEN IS TRIMMED TO
DESIRED WIDTH BEFORE FINAL PRESSING STEP.
• A CONTINUOUS PRESS EQIPPED WITH A LARGE DRUM
COMPRESSES THE MAT AT A UNIFORM RATE BY MONITORING
THE MAT HEIGHT.
• TO ACHIEVE A SMOOTH FINISH THE PANELS ARE SANDED
USING BELTS COATED WITH ABRASIVES.
• EIGHTHEAD SANDING EQUIPMENT AND DOUBLE SIDED
GRADING IMPROVES SURFACE SMOOTHNESS CONSISTENCY.
• LASTLY FINISHING IS DONE.
• LACQUER COLORS CAN BE APPLIED , AS WELL AS WOOD
GRAIN PATTERNS CAN BE CREATED.
• MAT , GLOSSY , PU COATING ETC CAN ALSO BE DONE.
• GUILLOTINE CUTTING IS USED TO CUT FIBREBOARDS INTO
LARGE SHEETS.
 TYPES
• A) EXTERIOR GRADE:
• IT IS TO BE USED WHERE MDF IS TO BE USED IN EXTERIOR.
• WHERE PANEL IS EXPOSED TO MOISTURE AND HIGH
HUMIDITY.
• IT HAS WATER RESISTANT PROPERTIES.
• B) INTERIOR GRADE:
• IT IS TO BE USED FOR INTERNAL APPLICATION.
• WHERE PANEL IS NOT EXPOSED TO HUMIDITY AND
MOISTURE.
• DECORATIVE WALL CLADDING IN ROUTED WAVE AND JALIS.
• WODEN HANDICRAFT ITEMS .
•INTERIOR CLADDING AND PANELING.
•GIST ITEMS.
•SHUTTERS FOR KITCHENS AND WARDROBES WITH POLISHED
SURFACE.
•LOUD SPEAKER.
•PANEL AND SHUTTERS OF DOOR.
• IT IS DENSE, FLAT, STIFF, AND HAS NO KNOTS.

•MDF HAS NO GRAIN (AS IT IS MADE UP OF FINE PARTICLES) SO

IT CAN BE CUT, DRILLED, MACHINED AND FILED WITHOUT
DAMAGING THE SURFACE.

• IT IS AN ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY PRODUCT (AS IT’S A

RECYCLED MATERIAL).

• IT DOESN’T SPLIT (BECAUSE THERE IS NO GRAIN).

• IT'S NOT EXPENSIVE.

• MDF CAN BE DANGEROUS TO USE IF THE CORRECT SAFETY
PRECAUTIONS ARE NOT TAKEN AS MDF CONTAINS A
SUBSTANCE CALLED FORMALDEHYDE, WHICH MAY BE
RELEASED FROM THE MATERIAL THROUGH CUTTING AND
SANDING. IT COULD CAUSE IRRITATION TO THE EYES AND
LUNGS.

• MDF CONTAINS A LOT OF GLUE, WHICH CAN DAMAGE OR

BLUNT TOOLS WITH CUTTING EDGES. NAILS AND SCREWS
CAN BE USED TO ATTACH THE MATERIALS TOGETHER, BUT
THEY CAN ALSO EASILY SPLIT AND DAMAGE THE
FIBREBOARD.
 MDF SIZES , THICKNESS , PRICE
• SIZES : 8’ X 4’
• THICKNESS : 4 MM , 6 MM , 8 MM , 10 MM ,
12 MM , 15 MM , 18 MM , 25 MM , 30 MM ,
35 MM .
• PRICE: 23 RS SQ / FT.
• MADE OF TEAK WOOD – 1000 RS – 3500 RS
SQ / FT.
 VALCHROMAT
THICKNESS EXT (WAVE EXT ( GRILL INT ( WAVE INT ( GRILL
BOARD) BOARD) BOARD) BOARD)
6 MM 2750 3000 2000 2200
8 MM 3300 3500 2250 2600
12 MM 3850 4100 2650 2900

SIZE :2450 MM X 1250 MM

• IN MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF HDF SAW DUST IS
CRUSHED AT A MICRO LEVEL AND THAN COMPRESSED
TO MAKE A SHEETS AND THAN THEY CUT BY SIZES.
• IT PRODUCT IS AN ENGINEERED WOOD.
•IT IS SAME LIKE A PARTICLE BOARD, MDF BUT IS DENSER
AND MORE STRONGER AND HARD BECAUSE IT IS MADE
BY WOODEN SAW OF A MICRO CRUSH,
 PROCESS
• FIRST A LOG IS SELECTED.
• THEN BARK IS REMOVED.
• THEN IT IS CHIPPED.
• THEN CHIPS ARE WASH TO REMOVE IMPURITIES.
• THEN IT IS STEAMED AND RESIN IS MIXED IN IT.
• AFTER STEAM IT COMES OUT IN THE FORM OF SHEET.
• SHEET IS KEPT ON FIBER MAT AND THROUGH THIS HOT
PRESSING IS DONE AT 260 ⁰ C .
• THEN SHEETS ARE CUT INTO APPROPRIATE SIZES AND
COOLED.
• USE IN CONSTRUCTION SITES.
• USE IN FURNITURE LIKE CHAIRS AND TABLE.
• USED IN PARTITION.
• USE IN COVERING A WALL OR COLUMNS.
• USE IN KITCHENS SHUTTERS.
• USE IN DOOR.
• EMBOSSED WALL CLADDING.
•DECORATIVE DISPLAY PANEL.
•SEAT BACKS IN RAILWAYS ETC
• SIZE : 8FT X 4FT
•THICKNESS : 8MM-35 MM

• HDF IN 3D LOOK ARE AVAILABLE.

•THERE ARE MANY COLOURS ARE AVAILABLE.

 GREEN PLY
THICKNESS RATE (INT) RATE (EXT)
2.3 MM 8.41
3.6 MM 13.66 17.27
4 MM 15.44
5.5 MM 20.70 26.19
7 MM 24.04
8 MM 30.78 38.94
11 MM 39.15 49.52
12 MM 42.99 54.38
15 MM 53.03 67.09
17 MM 56.80 71.86
18 MM 62.62 79.22
25 MM 94.20 119.16
30 MM 127.16 160.86
35 MM 150.29 190.11
• INTRODUCTION:
• BLOCK BOARD ARE A KIND OF PLYWOOD IN WHICH THE
VENEERS ARE GLUED ON BOTH SIDES ON WODDEN
BATTENS FRAME.
•WOODEN STRIPS ARE PLACED ACROSS A SURFACE OF ONE
OR MORE BOARD TO PREVENT, WARPING AND
STRENGTHENING ETC.
•FLUSH DOORS ARE ALSO A KIND OF BLOCK BOARD WHICH
IS USED TO MAKE DOOR PANELS AND DIFFER IN SIZES.
• BLOCK BOARD ARE SEASONED BOARDS AND HAVE ALL THE
PROPERTIES OF WOOD LIKE, EASE TO WORK, TO PAINT ETC.

• THESE HAVE ADVANTAGES OVER RAW WOODEN PLANKS FOR

THE REASON THAT THESE BOARDS ARE MORE STRONG AND
FREE.
 PROCESS
• WASTE WOOD ARE SLICED.
• THEN ARE BUNDLED .
• PLACED IN 8” X 4 “ SIZE.
• THEN RESIN IS POURED IN BETWEEN.
• THEN FACE VENEER IS APPLIED ON BOTH SIDES.
• ALSO HAVE A BETTER ABILITY TO HOLD NAILS AND SCREWS,
COMPARED TO OTHER ENGINEERED BOARDS SUCH AS
PARTICLE BOARDS OR MDF.

•ANOTHER IMPORTANT CHARACTERISTIC OF BLOCKBOARD

IS THAT IT IS LIGHT IN WEIGHT, BECAUSE THE CORE BLOCKS
THAT FORM THE BULK OF THE BOARD ARE OF SOFTWOOD
THAT HAS MUCH LESSER DENSITY AND WEIGHT COMPARED TO
HARDWOOD, BECAUSE OF HAVING LOW WEIGHT IT IS EASIER
TO TRANSPORT.
• FOR MAKING LONG BOOK SHELVES.

• FOR MAKING TABLES AND BENCHES.

• SINGLE AND DOUBLE BEDS AND SITS FOR SITTING.

• LENGTHY WALL PANELS.

• BLOCK BOARS ARE USED FOR MAKING FURNITURE, CABINETS,

PARTITIONS, INTERIOR, EXTERIOR , DECORATIVE WOOD
WORKING ETC.
• SIZE : 8’ X 4’, 8’ X 3’, 7’ X 4’, 7’ X 3’, 6’ X 4’, 6’ X 3’
•THICKNESS : 16MM , 19MM , 25MM
• PRICE : 50 RS/SQ. FT.-100 RS/SQ. FT.
 GUJCON
DESCRIPTION THICKNESS WOOD RATE (SQ / FT)
SINGLE CORE 19 MM HARD 49
SINGLE CORE 19 MM PINE 58
DOUBLE CORE 25 MM HARD 69
DOUBLE CORE 25 MM PINE 83
SINGLE CORE 25 MM HARD 62
SINGLE CORE 25 MM PINE 76
SUBMITTED BY :

GAJJAR DHAVAL (1414)

GALIAWALA PRIYASHI (1416)
JARIWALA DIPESH (1420)
JARIWALA JINAL (1421)
MEWADA ABHISHEK(1432)
PATEL VIVEK (1447)
SADIWALA KULDEEP (1448)
SHETH SALONI(1453)