University of Botswana

Department of Electrical Engineering

EEB 434 Communication Principles Tutorial

Question 1
i. Find the normalized power for each signal below that is a power signal and the normalized
energy for each signal that is an energy signal. If a signal is neither a power signal nor an
energy signal, so designate it. Sketch each signal (𝛼 is a positive constant).

Question 2
i. A message signal is a square wave with maximum and minimum values of 8 and −8 V,
respectively. The modulation index 𝑎 = 0.7 and the carrier amplitude 𝐴𝑐 = 100 V.
Determine,
a) The power in the sidebands
b) The efficiency

Question 3
i. The positive portion of the envelope of the output of an AM modulator is shown in
Figure 1. The message signal is a waveform having zero DC value. Determine the,
a) modulation index,
b) the carrier power,
c) the efficiency
d) the power in the sidebands.

Figure 1
Question 4
An FM modulator with 𝑓𝑑 = 10 Hz/V. Plot the frequency deviation in Hz and the phase deviation
in radians for the three message signals shown in Figure 2.

Figure 2

Question 5
An FM modulator has 𝑓𝑐 = 2000 Hz and 𝑓𝑑 = 20 Hz/V. The modulator has input 𝑚(𝑡) = 5cos[2𝜋(10)𝑡].
(a) What is the modulation index?
(b) Sketch, approximately to scale, the magnitude spectrum of the modulator output. Show
all frequencies of interest.

Question 6
An audio signal has a bandwidth of 15 kHz. The maximum value of |𝑚(𝑡)| is 10 V. This signal
frequency modulates a carrier. Estimate the peak deviation and the bandwidth of the modulator
output, assuming that the deviation constant of the modulator is
(a) 20 Hz/V
(b) 200 Hz/V
(c) 2 kHz/V
(d) 20 kHz/V