CLASSIC MUSIC Expression, Form, and Style Leonard G, Ratner Professor of Music Stanford University(8 Expression: Ditate te inf ae ocd'Sue gt donne (ia Uae ee ine arebatintceinchn S66: Ime eaten moe, and pe je se ac a ‘lee eaberatons:# permis 0 extentes and Sa {tis Foun in treatises jour idler and he ce cetespdence between» ven eto ing in hon crc gg sal byexprening lng sentiment inp Anion, Th Lt Mee. 2d 88 Set ph ean. 8 9. a ae rar oe 2 Alay we fe fe 2 Topics Ths ema pels hes farce ar wk el 2 ‘here as ops abject for nical discourse. Topies appear a fully werked-ost [eer 1c types ras Sigur and popeins win» pice, Le oles. Te Snr yaa rs bm ns mar ep "The provoeatand formal of th cencury ie were efi in anes the Fue mrabande, apd eve mere of for gh oe, gant and early the Bure av ggu, lets aoc ley, repre te mle ye, wie otedance nnd Lip ete othe wae tian buoyant, Minuet and eae tov he nd he ry. eecing bt ere thousands by clamie composers; Monat composed note than 00 minuets and ‘Seamer enn nue compute unter Bec of tltemasce they fried mata for operas chamber ms, for ah, Eman, comer snpbee serene, tod even invade hare ac fe Seti nat tn psf ses Jo Rg i ngs reformer the recogsition of specie dance puters that ean provide impor [ne cluc wo the caprenive gay of compotion. The lowing sey eves dee" Oninty ws amuclted wit the sla wor of court and TRardeseied a ooble, charg, ney, ape moderate nerabes byacy Hayne es kin, Cle Soha, 8 UB) p18 Moderato,a, 216, Silane sje. Mona, Quart nD lor, K-42, 1788, ine @eeeer ager comidered fo sng at paral lane pices ee Ex {E10 tas tradionalin msc forte Nay} Bach wed he ape he {hrm Orato, BWW 14,134, aed Handel the Meio YN, Mesa "Ws bi wee he ream oat a ‘sir. Ihe ues the queen of I8t-centry dance, symbole the cal ie ihe ian ws hemmed he ie bai, eae Ex 21 ert mare yp, acd eugene mone iments fecal in phone and cance bave ach ys, One a Ue Set aia etme he mane Mtr oa pony on, due~ ued a road natch glories March ype, Chis, Elementarbuch, 182 examples, p 2 ‘The march andthe burt sae cnn tempo ad meter—a quick 4h Qu ee cs a ba 8 te x 218 Mature of lou and yok, Moat, Sonata for Cave and ‘opie 17 Bence were lncrprned no ane icin cee ger vay: soa sha Sn men cl ann, he a otro hap he ‘Theatrical dances, Theatrical dances could conform to he pater of wo Troe Give’ Dom Jao, 1761 ee Ex. 21-12), Ka the tinction oe ae as of esta encase ok ‘ites deren frre, The ue Dae! pred interesting Stra ee mec he cl Heh st of gee ol axing nun poryantoman opera = end in thw odes wth pric ae vows Kins of ovement, te, aod gee Gig the panos “is ey he erp of ma a pity amas ‘Fernie oiipheopine = tkmon ancora serge fe re eh Megs, ney cm, 06 he He pier speedtest a imc eg18 Bxmmassiow Topics 19 dance wie, terial dance rhs are em Sj Sona, K. 170, 1769. The hey af Eas ait fra ns oye ut heh fein es not conform to haeogapic pater ef mtn he mato bom agrees inde pha my. Dane pies sur th concer yur wel ar fig, bn compan rar epee oh opening gna Shes here hardy mar wk sn tds ot bent bay fom eae nag eet, ‘itary ao ites Guise tri or or ain he ihe Inlpurade march of Non pi ands” ram Mors’s Ming of Fig Redon 1790100, Aer, bee gare et Cher wha in sea i ti nit hei mame eB a Tv. Ru, No, 5.1384 were be has the pane fitaing 2 ose! (Grd tnt fafre. Tie Ose ncsnngt he wort hrs any inane om eo eed bang oe rage of Fir AT 785-1705, the nent the Count eee Sosa “Type, dance ented he international epetn from regio sure ftom Pound Ocalan. erate dons fund ‘hie ayia tee on the Spanish fondango in Meares Mariage of ea, the ctucnetn leas Bon fm, 178, te trl Sor poplars an te ease orn ir series fesse ee ning fae in Kh, 80a Ds, 192. Toe cm indice mane» rc cin, witha odeat tmp and» medi foc nning tiem te ahr sarong Pea ay nd hom mata fair ioe he henry Noble hoes Id horn ent guar ping ela tempos scoped by tecnico of rm Geran owe ha hs al fale cn ae at ‘eon ea, aye, vedaag nd ade ate waa ‘etc denon af te sob hre nes eed ed ached throngs Seana fre nd bang gal ee iy ings won, and ey etd irene ig fe mmenen ha nr Qe, He 8) pe timo the pe fee rbd by Ra, ae ejempo see ane Ee 220. Singing sne. Glock, Ore, 1952 Act, “Ad wohin che Baye” 4 ony Buri Ings emp compe yea pened pid arb bree Lord figure asin ft nur nearest onl Morr Sp. 210, Hunting fjae Moz, Quine So Eb aan, K. 14, #91, ge for nt ply or nea eng. Ea ain site te iit ayy ene vpn and {orate Ex cla lusrates the bili eons Bure. 1769, qatn umber af example Brillant pases sng bythe peat vis he Taebccony In Ex 21 thei sy shared bythe fie perforin prec, ilaratig gneanake ‘Te mecha sangeet eden eh bios torepeet te Label the il el or ating nh Bs mao ona 12, Op la, 1806. These mand peat the scend manent of MeathBe 81, Brill sle Mora, Quins fr Cains a ‘major X51, 78, le move {or tay theta! perrmancy, for instal tue, sb fee oe ‘one, when the oer cll forse sve oe, ‘iret pncllaceremeny. dated os wee prorat longer on ees not rt api aca seth reach ‘eraresiappee nsw odecnae opts Grebe #30) Noes Sow ante pana an hfe onas SL BREE French overt sie Mota, Symphony in E¥ major K. 5 1186 nodes aad ang: Msi he inns opi WS, 17M ak a Sy i in iy “Topics 21 Mae, Prorat Mts and atrl fer tres payed o the Baie, cornea or mute Te racial far the sated bathe boon or one She geome ot ilo oarh, Mee eects boon in tse us ‘oy wee evil fr ting op she "bale Messrs 90-108 of {hel moron of Morar Cre Qe, R38, 178, tate he ‘Sen of he ayle—the done bw sg 4K and te ld owe A fevrmanres lar Moat wrasse upide down, pong the eur Inw the wer names, wl he eee bout ike figure om the on ith aa countered fn he upper vot ring exalt the ‘Symphony No 108 In aor, 198, although tbe roy ‘hic oddnen (ew E57), eh of he breath he it meen Beene Fm Qui, Op 39, No.1 teeta he eaten a ‘oetcngleee Ch 2), “Turik Me | Fat ellen wster trope mas were by-product othe og itary {ipa confrontation outs sos wi he Ts The Tats had Sfmt called jonny oie ng dro, lange wind a Synalar ininted nse et did senna a rater ne Morreale Tere em hs Aj Sonat, B81, 178 the Sree co hi Abduction from te Sergi 178-106, apd the "Takoh Nove rom Beene The Russ of Athens, Op. 1, TOE, ave pci erence he Tah itary le, The are hin el of eho ‘ove Syphony Noe mio, 244 ee He. 9), ane i ae ‘ett Mona’ A ron Sant 81,178 gra he pe wou pc. ‘Ereteencsin thir ies. We ear momentary nef the Tah ye he Bet onan the Bae Sat HV. HVE, No 1. by Ha Storm and Soe ‘Toe trm Storm and Stren, token fom the ile of ram, Sur wd Drang 175, by Kling, bas ben adopted by msi Hira fet se eat ‘munetasoes of romanicam the exreion of mbt a ine pe al felnge’* Koch 00, cst arate Lembo oy ‘Sins Sem and Soe une ving seme fl texture minor mole ‘armani, chant, sary daanencr ad nmpasnel se of del. ‘aon Hyder mance Or arse af tse unos For ‘Guanes, Op 0, No.7 urn ad Senne eee n ier oni et x10), The mae of Heethove, Cherbin, and many ofr “oreo takes te sry manera neo i pial fc pro ‘sore, a counterpart tote ime n the wes of Gone ad Schl,2 Exenasion ‘Senin, Emptindame “Sct ant Empfndsarked 99) wan insnat, prolyl en et fen tntngiand onion GPE Reset pel {Ei ae is epbowrd mane hat rp changer br mod Boker Inc ont, cbr ret, peg pases iio eral fen donate al gases sagging nee pee ‘het, frame of tama rpenion a eel opp ean Sagar niyo bregue mae “The heya wal of Matt, Hay, and ter contemporain nay tne he x, 228 beg with pine tay eke ap ing gues. om m5 ear ech neh seen Sige omer in erates the nop ade conn. Thi wth taen changes ‘ood ad the neat emp at typeset sete, Yc Moat mas ae onde seal tein prof eas ‘redaction toh Prague Syphon, 18, yng hs coed fares, ithedes hit imaramntl ceo, ne, yay sa harmony fe {16 Betnen cated the pte setineal alae of hr yh te a i a x.228, Sensibility se, Mena, Fanaa nD minor, K. 592.1782 ‘Sn it of a 6 Wr er opie 28 ‘The pes an sae dace wre ured ander the genera are fal ore seated hn cab mn nao Sel rn ae ech “he vs wh toa te nd ore pie Detect Panne norte nesting Tmo aera tem et a Ecoyamendigtene, “pap dyod nance 2 San cecrbeod dein (pi, Fee eet ecene man pipe mes raged ch Oe a a a et SLR Seppo naan oat SBecrune of these characteristics, te arc ple et auited fr church oe togu ate picpl poco of ale =» Forcompasin, bei Koes dcp of te gal or fre, ee |The freon le, wh a aed eget te iti: ‘fnded om the pooling et 1 trough many cabornon of dhe melody, and lons of the tpl mele ocr te one sat ren pauses ‘nein at trough nave angen tests clemmetod ‘pc abrupt ele gue nt hve cle InStep wiheach ater thru ten interne aon "hugh he ttn she eating vio snl eek accompany {Ton wie donate atin te exroiba othe sete bebe pice, Akins of ean aes fle voce wos tc a ai, chores, ‘auch aie a cae mare sadam, concern {ma tat re notin thea ofthe fag, ne alee ong th ‘Spans inte ree the two es int edna ed a be ered “Tessin sca inn ule forbarmone and meld popes eating stoi of ny iran men api [Soe guin nen Sad spe, nich ce this ied of comin. Leared {je apts veto, fg oreatani and crap composton, goer 1h Theta o Behrens aus. a, p11. 1608, beg‘erin varo mae 2-2). Te japon of ev contest to Ghee eto sae pa, cay pn ald std nord pang te repre fee wo Inate or smb ypectc [ile tom po ee peo lara. Peso, eral sce when mai, come es oan ion rte, vd end teen neord for tons n ndegal, Sacre Pench caves meno Diseraar (Four er, The Pal of Pats), Rew (Tel Fst) and Hay The Sen Lod, Se 76) He urstions hea flysch erie bec rata abd mae Coneing hes, he cine cleave” (peters Ex 24 Learned ead aleve, Mchoven, Coane in A major, Op. 18, No. 5, 1800, finale. * Tali thar te ef test ae of te wind a eh, einen ese ui soni bende ig he tear a ingots Percy en trp ithe atl ee Ha Te. 10, the try, 12M. In Smpbony No 08m E mao, 1798, he may Tectia! Vie 1, bv hee ne {co ning san spun whch usu bal, wh fun fey, mone ad re fhe went Jom Boye n The See of Pocdaon pes Wa nate Nee ete how comping 4 Matin which the “Credo” ould te gen "pon nose ‘iby pound ech an vow rekene lee Pantin The fina pe seg by ont or mee f the orn etre eake “se gton sting hemor cremate etn Sot the ened maven Hayeor Dns Ques Oh Te ae Selena na teraped oran cate oases anise eo ep ‘tinge seat tes Mone imcrpries ne Seale han eundnemand pipe othe ests a ‘Srsteatanc A Age tot hea the Grand Vier Sloe re se Reena te beeera he beige ee ht2 Exresion “Topics 27 sh pie marin hich hy he en ptr old ai eno ramy The Sues aston wobec ot EN ha ican fy hsb wes mores oa "ae ow vied ito parte foc theo the new Mac, in which “ahereb undouely» grat dey cf Sie dn ation Yo ater Mette tse sy fgg ha tema othe Spe Eich Soy led apne act Covel, Pael, Gerin, at unl nd Cor are inns oi es, nd ceri te design int cd mee inn hss boy anacenbe a e yoesgtec, that hey be ‘Sohne among the wll wale ote ws tey oe ier om eve pts of Handle tae and lhe of te Tentabe re eae ein engi om he vsrorrorics any ifnoc mat ofthe top dese abv were creat houghout be 16 ot. Tha se, weer, eed carb in baroque anaemia Baroque mute tended "0 deveap one lism ection, of toe taba peo mann nity tough cnstency. Bt mires ao comin be ‘mein equet ae in cn ae hy wre the ale Bera ores 18 on. Bach ould apply lac matic eel ‘Bach seems to have been theft cinpner ko abcd the aw af {roe aa pile. Te eo aed ae seep a tay pe > tree oe at wat ow aed thn te Ege pliennof d d new ws pei epee hey Scat and cnet teow no anos npn hime, Han soa inartsanc rete meer at misng an corning pena he ema The slogan ees He cert repent i pags, and ahs tw hi original mote othe ‘sor frie ve Jno spel he reso na ech nhs Jouat der Tonk, 195, comple of the ee endeey mis hel of he eros ad omic pean the ram aie, he eens the nut helene he aan se on Mans os Eagar [pace andcondacor of he late 18 cotry, fe, RMD ieee prea fhe “nes ning the el phony che] ink tat be ecient mane walls decent ng oa ihe. ie rdia Haye ih roculng the new se eh ue ‘hs aiened acre he dies oe le se rm nde legs the peop on fr lve quer an Times hefnis gu teat oppo npg”) gure. and Beno theoeringr clu sgh te angng by bed heer inure harman ae twa Cte hs rds ded anes e es that once the fi ped of maa een Choad pine ote nt at swith nl egaputl gi ashe Such quiche hangs uc ioughons tenovemen, engage tytn vane "Shlraiyand certs bx 225 htop is mower Sime [164 degenerating in» is, viel ond ntan charac) had seal aie paeea ttn lea Sr Roeaenaeiicmen ance Soran Stet ages levmch ata feign arbor cae spate 225, Topics Mouart, Pmgue Symphony, K. 50,186, st mow Fest meaoute the second part of any movement, Fem is iferm relation Messer SATE dnp me tet iene ME. Segoe re sro Sicmndigerercaeeh a Ie er a2 a i Rane on ean Je ok ang sand oer eat of ME Seg ed oe Music, 1784, forthe older style: ” 5. allo ev, alan yk ae Has ethno de CONCERTS of ANCIENT MUSIC, some ofthe fn 1, Beta modified stile legato is 4+28 EXPRESSION Topics 29 Bek cots See Rage, “The Ch + Mad Topic inte 19 Cena 4MS 8S, 10. Cada Reus ccw nati) Sie Eek tan oe ‘Teron eel by esi Sade i rome tS nd Sot; Rg nfm, Gantt pani Rape yjonernaesp gel pie Fp ig rs, a, Ran Wim at 8 ‘Amber, omens, p28; Rewucr, icone, pp. 346, 48. y bape eee arg, test p is ae EES er stn cn pl uma 6 Sone Pat