Concepts of Health and

Wellness

RACHEL S. DIONELA, RMT

Objectives:
determine the dimensions of
01
health

define health, mental health,

02 emotional health, physical
health, social health, spiritual
health, and sexual health
Objectives:
understand the provisions of the
03 Philippine Constitution about
health as a basic human right

determine the stand of WHO

04 as to the government’s
responsibility to the health
of its people.
Section 1 Article 25 of
Declaration of Human Rights
The Philippine Constitution of 1987
“The State shall adopt an integrated and
comprehensive approach to health
development which shall endeavor to Art. XIII
make essential goods, health and other
social services available to all the
people at affordable cost.
There shall be priority for the needs of
the unprivileged, sick, elderly, disabled,
Section 11
women, and children.
The state shall endeavor to provide free
medical services to paupers”
“The enjoyment of the
highest attainable
standard of health is
one of the
fundamental rights of
every human being
without distinction of
race, religion, political
belief, economic or
social condition”
(2017)
 “Governments
have a
responsibility for
the health of their
people which can
be fulfilled only by
the provision of
adequate health
and social
measures”.
 3 Basic Positive Concepts of Health
03
01
equating health with
Reflecting concern productive and
creative living
02

placing health in the

context of the environment WHO
(1995)
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights remains
as relevant today as it was on the day in 1948 that it
was proclaimed and adopted by the United nations
General Assembly.
(retrieved 6/29/20)
2016 2018 2020

2015 2017 2019

Good health is clearly determined by other basic

human rights including access to safe drinking
water, and sanitation, nutritious foods, adequate
housing, education, and safe working conditions
The right to health for all people means that
everyone should have access to the health
services they need, when and where they need
them, without suffering financial hardship.

None should get sick and die just because they are
poor, or because they cannot access the health
services they need.
According to World Health Organization (WHO):
Health – a state characterized
by soundness and wholeness
of human structures, bodily
and mental functions
-OREM
This concept of all dimensions being in a state of
“completeness” seems unattainable and can only
exist in in an ideal state.

claims that the WHO definition is ideal which is:

Just a “goal to strive for” but can never be achieved
since no one can ever attain a state of complete
mental, physical and social well-being;

-COTTRELL
 derived from the old English word for heal which is
HAEL. It means WHOLE
Health is holistic (total health) and it includes the different
dimensions of health taking into account the separate
influences and interaction of these dimensions
(Aggleton & Homans, 1987)
a positive state of well-being

every part of the body and mind is in

harmony and in proper functioning
balance with every other part

a characteristic of life that enables a

person to live longer
What about Holistic Health

JOHN 10:10

The thief comes only to steal and kill and

destroy; I have come that they may have
life, and have it to the full.
 BROADER DIMENSION

INDIVIDUAL DIMENSION
BROADER DIMENSION OF HEALTH

ENVIRONMETAL health
-physical environment
where people live

e.g.sanitation and pollution,

facilities(housing,transport,utilities)
BROADER DIMENSION OF HEALTH
SOCIETAL health
-link between health and the
way the society is structured

e.g. peace, economy,

degree of division or
integration within the society
INDIVIDUAL DIMENSION OF HEALTH
SPIRITUAL

SOCIAL EMOTIONAL

PHYSICAL MENTAL

SEXUAL
 INDIVIDUAL DIMENSION OF HEALTH

SPIRITUAL health
-the recognition of a
Supreme Being or
Force and the ability to
put into practice one‟s
moral principles or
beliefs
 INDIVIDUAL DIMENSION OF HEALTH

SPIRITUAL health
-a guiding sense of
meaning and value,
balance, introspection,
and meaning
What about Spiritual Health

Matthew 4:4

Jesus answered, “It is written:

„Man shall not live on bread alone,
but on every word that comes from
the mouth of God.”
 INDIVIDUAL DIMENSION OF HEALTH

EMOTIONAL health
- is the ability to express one‟s feelings appropriately
and to develop and sustain relationships
INDIVIDUAL DIMENSION OF HEALTH

EMOTIONAL health
- the emotional quality of an individual
- ability to accept and manage feelings through
challenge and change
What about Emotional Health

LUKE 6:45
A good man brings good things out of the
good stored up in his heart,
and an evil man brings evil things out of
the evil stored up in his heart.
For the mouth speaks what the heart is
full of.
INDIVIDUAL DIMENSION OF HEALTH

MENTAL health
-the positive sense of purpose and underlying
belief in one‟s own worth (self- esteem) like
feeling good and feeling able to cope
-psychological well-being
What about Mental Health

2 TIMOTHY 1:7

For God hath not given us the spirit of

fear,
but of power and of love and of a
sound mind
https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScE3lUbbvPT3LPv6yxEQdWT9anere67JKoYbBhS-8In4aGumg/viewform
INDIVIDUAL DIMENSION OF HEALTH
INDIVIDUAL DIMENSION OF HEALTH

SEXUAL health
- the acceptance of and the ability to
achieve a satisfactory expression of one‟s
sexuality
Concept of Health and Wellness in Today’s World
What about Sexual Health

1 COR. 7:3-4

The husband should fulfill his wife‟s sexual needs,

and the wife should fulfill her husband‟s needs.
The wife gives authority over her body to her
husband,
and the husband gives authority over his body to his
wife.
 What about Sexual Health

1 COR. 7:5
Do not deprive each other of sexual relations, unless
you both agree to refrain from sexual intimacy for a
limited time so you can give yourselves more
completely to prayer. Afterward, you should come
together again so that Satan won‟t be able to tempt you
because of your lack of self-control.
 INDIVIDUAL DIMENSION OF HEALTH

PHYSICAL health
-the state of one‟s body
(fitness and not being ill)
What about Physical Health

1 COR. 10:31

So, whether you eat or drink, or whatever

you do, do all to the glory of God.
INDIVIDUAL DIMENSION OF HEALTH

SOCIAL health
- involves the support system that is
available from family members and friends
- involvement with activities in
community,school, church etc.
- “No man is an island”.
 What about Social Health

ECCLESIASTES 4:9-12
Two are better than one because they have a good
return for their labor:If either of them falls down, one can
help the other up. But pity anyone who falls and has no
one to help them up. Also, if two lie down together, they
will keep warm. But how can one keep warm alone?
Though one may be overpowered, two can defend
themselves. A cord of three strands is not quickly broken.
 Health according to Goodstadt:
1. Physical health is the biological integrity of an
individual where there is optimum functioning of
his physical and physiological abilities and
freedom from any disease or disability.

2. Mental health ( or psychological health and

emotional health) is subjective sense of well-
being ; may also refer to intellectual capabilities.
 Health according to Goodstadt:
3. Social health is the ability to interact effectively with
other people and the social environment; development
and sustenance of satisfying interpersonal
relationships and effective efficient role fulfillment.

4. Spiritual health or personal health is defined in such

a way that it may be concerned with one‟s belief in a
transcending, unifying force (whether its basis is in
nature, scientific law or a godlike source.) It has also
been associated with the concept of self-actualization
and concern for issues which affect one‟s value
system.
 Factors in the POLITICAL FACTORS

Ecosystem which ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES

affect the Optimum
Level of Functioning SOCIO-ECONOMIC INFLUENCES

(OLOF) HEALTHCARE DELIVERY SYSTEM

BEHAVIORAL FACTORS OLOF

HEREDITARY/BIOLOGICAL FACTORS
 POLITICAL FACTORS
involve power and authority to regulate the environment or
social climate
Ex. Safety, oppression, people empowerment

HEALTHCARE DELIVERY SYTEM

a partnership approach to the effective provision of essential
health services that are community-based, accessible,
acceptable, sustainable and affordable. The focus of healthcare
is in the promotive, preventive, curative and rehabilitative
aspects of care
 SOCIO-ECONOMIC INFLUENCES
Families in lower income group are the ones mostly served
Ex. Employment, education, and housing.

ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES
factors or situations which exerts effects on the environment
& environmental resources
Ex. Pollution, communicable diseases, utilization of pesticides
 BEHAVIOURAL FACTORS
refers to a person‟s level of functioning and is affected by certain
habits, their lifestyle, health care and child rearing practices which
are determined by one‟s culture and ethnic heritage
Ex. Culture, habits, mores, and ethnic customs

BIOLOGICAL FACTORS
refers to the understanding of genetically influenced disease
and genetic risks. It includes congenital defects, strengths
and health risks which can be familial, ethnic or racial
WELLNESS
- Is the integration of the mind, body
and spirit
- Is keeping a balance among the
dimensions of health
- a state of mind, a way of life; largely
determined by decisions that an
individual makes
- the level of self actualization where
one feels that he has lived a full and
accomplished life
- the perception that one is capable
of achieving one‟s full potentials
through the options one has in
relation to being well
 Greenberg (1992)
Donatelle and Davies (1996)
-wellness is a positive
quality which involves the
integration of spiritual,
intellectual, physical,
emotional, environmental
and social dimensions of
health to form a whole
“healthy person”
 Dunn (1997)
- wellness is an integrated
method of functioning which
is oriented toward maximizing
the potential which the
individual is capable of
- the ability to maintain a
continuum of balance and
purposeful direction within
the environment where
he/she is functioning
THE HEALTH CONTINUUM
HEALTH VS WELLNESS
Taking Charge of your WELLNESS
Lifestyle
you can improve your health
by making behavioral
changes to your lifestyle
Attitude
by focusing on your attitudes, you can
act in ways that make you healthier
person
Knowledge
- you need information to make good
choices about your health

- HEALTH LITERACY
ACTIVITY 1

Share a personally significant challenge in

health and wellness you are facing or have
faced(what ?&why?) and how have you
overcome or how are you coping.
Thank you
#sanaol diba? XD