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    The document contains 4 examples of truth tables for logical expressions involving various combinations of logical operators such as AND, OR, NOT, IMPLIES, and XOR. Each truth table lists all possible combinations of values (True/False) for the propositional variables and evaluates the logical expressions for each combination.

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    Formal Methods

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    The document contains 4 examples of truth tables for logical expressions involving various combinations of logical operators such as AND, OR, NOT, IMPLIES, and XOR. Each truth table lists all possible combinations of values (True/False) for the propositional variables and evaluates the logical expressions for each combination.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    12 views2 pages

    FM 1

    Uploaded by

    sam
    The document contains 4 examples of truth tables for logical expressions involving various combinations of logical operators such as AND, OR, NOT, IMPLIES, and XOR. Each truth table lists all possible combinations of values (True/False) for the propositional variables and evaluates the logical expressions for each combination.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 2

    Make truth table for the following given literals.

    1: A    B      ¬B        (  A ∧ (¬B) )       ¬(A ∧ (¬B))         A ⇒ B

    A B ¬B ( A ∧ (¬B) ) ¬(A ∧ (¬B)) A⇒B


    T T F F T T
    T F T T F F
    F T F F T T
    F F T F T T

    2: A     B     ¬A        ¬B ⇒ ((¬ A) ∨ (¬B))           ¬((¬A) ∨ (¬B))          A ∧ B

    A B ¬A ¬B ¬B ⇒ ((¬ A) ∨ (¬B)) ¬((¬A) ∨ (¬B)) A∧B


    T T F F T F T
    T F F T T T F
    F T T F T T F
    F F T T T T F

    3: A     B      ¬A        ¬B ⇒ ((¬ A) ∨ (¬B))            ¬((¬A) ∨ (¬B))

    A B ¬A ¬B ¬B ⇒ ((¬ A) ∨ (¬B)) ¬((¬A) ∨ (¬B))


    T T F F T F
    T F F T T T
    F T T F T T
    F F T T T T

    4: A ⊗ B = ‘Both, propositions A and B, are false’.              

    Then 

    A   B      A ⊗ B      ¬(A ⊗ B)     A ∨ B

    A B A⊗B ¬(A ⊗ B) A∨B


    F F F T F

    ----------------------------------------------------THE END-------------------------------------------------
    A B ¬B ( A ∧ (¬B) ) ¬(A ∧ (¬B)) A⇒B
    T T F F T T
    T F T T F F
    F T F F T T
    F F T F T T

    A B ¬A ¬B ¬B ⇒ ((¬ A) ∨ (¬B)) ¬((¬A) ∨ (¬B)) A∧B


    T T F F T F T
    T F F T T T F
    F T T F T T F
    F F T T T T F

    A B ¬A ¬B ¬B ⇒ ((¬ A) ∨ (¬B)) ¬((¬A) ∨ (¬B))


    T T F F T F
    T F F T T T
    F T T F T T
    F F T T T T

    A B A⊗B ¬(A ⊗ B) A∨B


    F F F T F

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