A new mother brings her infant to the clinic because he has suffered repeated seizures.

Upon
questioning, she states her labor unusually long and difficult. What condition do you expect? Will
infant’s condition worsen?

Cerebral palsy is the condition that the infant is suffering from. According to the Mayo Clinic, the initial
signs and symptoms of cerebral palsy would manifest themselves throughout a child's early childhood.
(Mayo Clinic, 2021). Seizures are an example of one of these indicators. Additionally, involuntary
motions could be caused by cerebral palsy due to the fact that it impacts movement and muscular
functions, as well as other factors. This condition could be caused by toxic exposures that occurred
during pregnancy, and it is possible that the mother passed the condition on to the unborn child. The
baby's body was contaminated with some infections as a result of this risk. Because it also has an effect
on posture, uneven walking could be a symptom. An authoritative publication states that many
newborns and children are not diagnosed until they are 2 years old or older. (NICH, 2021). When an
infant is held, especially if they are younger than 6 months, they may overstretch their neck and spine.
They may also experience stiffness. The condition of the newborn will not deteriorate due to the fact
that the anomalies in the brain that cause cerebral palsy are consistent and do not vary over time.
However, because the symptoms may become more or less evident over time, the newborn should
receive effective therapy as soon as possible. It is possible that muscle tightness could worsen and
muscle shortening will continue if the condition is not treated immediately. Cerebral palsy can cause
developmental problems or delays in the mother's newborn since the infant is still growing and
developing. Intellectual abilities such as trouble speaking and in speech development, learning
challenges, delayed growth resulting in being smaller than expected, and delays in motor skills like as
crawling and sitting up are all examples of developmental disorders. It is vital to remember that there is
now no complete cure for cerebral palsy, and that only treatments may be offered in the meanwhile.

REFERENCES:

Mayo Clinic (2021, September 1). Cerebral Palsy - Symptoms And Causes. Mayo Clinic.
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cerebral-palsy/symptoms-causes/syc-20353999.

NICH (2021, May 11). What Are the Early Signs Of Cerebral Palsy? | NICHD - Eunice Kennedy Shriver
National Institute Of Child Health And Human Development. https://www.nichd.nih.gov/.
https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/cerebral-palsy/conditioninfo/signs.
A three-year old girl is sobbing that her right arm is gone, and the examination shows her to have little
muscle strength in that limb. Questioning the parent reveals that her father had been swinging her by
the arms. What part of the parasympathetic nervous system has been damaged?

It is possible that she is suffering from a brachial plexus injury, which would explain her lack of muscle
strength. The brachial plexus, which comprises the arm and shoulder region, is where the nerve plexus is
located in this instance. The brachial plexus is produced by the nerve roots that branch off from the
cervical and upper trunk regions of the spinal cord in the cervical and upper trunk regions of the spinal
cord. The brachial plexus is responsible for a variety of activities, including the capacity to lift the arm
and generate motion in the wrists. The indications and symptoms of a brachial plexus injury may include
numbness or tingling in the arms and hands, as well as loss of movement. Due to compression and
stretching of the brachial plexus nerves, this occurs. There could be a variety of contributing variables to
the brachial plexus injury that the girl sustained. One of those causes could have begun while she was
still in her mother's womb, and one of those factors could have been a prolonged or traumatic birthing
process. The use of vacuum or forceps to assist with the birth may also be a contributing factor. She may
be experiencing discomfort in her right arm in addition to the sensation that her senses have been taken
away. In spite of this, the girl has a great probability of recovery due to the fact that healing happens at
a rapid rate of one millimeter per day or one inch per month. Furthermore, according to a credible
source, approximately two-thirds of children who suffer from brachial plexus injury recover on their
own, with little or no therapy required. (Cincinnati Children, n.d) Some people may also have limits that
aren't getting better, such as a limited range of motion or a limited range of motion. If surgery is
required, it should be performed as soon as feasible since, if the muscles are still not attached to the
nerves after 18 months, it may not be able to perform the procedure.

REFERENCES:

Cincinnati Children (n.d.). Brachial Plexus Injury | Symptoms, Treatment & Surgery. Brachial Plexus Injury
| Symptoms, Treatment & Surgery. https://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/health/b/brachial-plexus.

Hopkin's Medicine (2021, January 1). Brachial Plexus Injury | Johns Hopkins Medicine. Brachial Plexus
Injury | Johns Hopkins Medicine. https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-
diseases/brachial-plexus-injuries.