SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY

I PRIMARY SOURCES (Printed)

Achutanandan K.V. (ed.), 24 Vadakkan Pattukal, Trichur, 1973.

Ayyar Ramakrishna K.P., Malabar Tenancy Law, Containing Malabar

Tenancy Act XIV of 1930 and Malabar Compensation Act of 1900,

The Malabar Law Journal, Malabar, 1930.

Buchanan Francis, A Journey through the Countries of Mysore, Canara and

Malabar, Vol. II, Madras, 1870.

Kurup, K.K.N., Koodali Granthavari, Calicut University Historical Series,

No. 4, University of Calicut, 1995.

Kurup, K.K.N. (ed.), Kavalappara Papers, Calicut University Historical

Series, No. 1, University of Calicut, 1995.

Legal Department, The Madras Code, Vol. III, 7th Edition, Madras, 1953.

Logan William, A Collection of Treaties, Engagements and other Papers of

Importance (1879), Thiruvananthapuram, 1998.

Menon Kesava K.P., Kazhinhakalam (Autobiography), Kozhikode, 1969.

Nair Balakrishnan T. Chirakkal, Kerala Bhasha Ganangal (Mal.), Vol. I

(1979), Thrissur, 1993.

309
Nair Unnikrishnan P. (ed.), Tirupuliyur Granthavari, M.G. University,

Kottayam, 2002.

Nair Unnikrishnan P. (ed.), Tiruvalla Granthavari, Vol. 1, School of Social

Science, M.G. University, Kottayam, 1998 and Vol. II, Kottayam,

1999.

Nambuthiri Vishnu M.V. (ed.), Thottam Pattukal (Mal.), Kottayam, 1981.

Nambiar Appunni M.C. (ed.), Vadakkan Pattukal, Kottayam, 1983.

Namboodhiri Vishnu M.V. (ed.), Teyyam, Thiruvananthapuram, 1998.

Narayanan M.G.S. (ed.). Vanjeri Granthavari, Calicut University Historical

Series No. 1, Calicut University, 1987.

Rao Gopinatha T.A. (ed.), Travancore Archaeological Series, No. 9,

Thiruvananthapuram, 1990.

Shornur Nagarasabha, Janakiyasuthranam Samagra Vikasana Rekha, Vol.

161, Palakkad Dist., Kerala State Asoothrana Board, 1997.

Sudhakaran K.T. (ed.), K.T. Kunhikelappan Nambiar, Sahadeva Vakyam,

Kannur, 2007.

Varier Raghava, M.R., Keralolpathi Granthavari, Calicut University

Historical Series, No. 3, Calicut University, 1989.

310
II PRIMARY SOURCES (Manuscripts and Unpublished documents)

Account book of Koodali tarawad for the year 1998.

Agreement dt. 12.07.1792 entered into between the English East India

Company, on the one hand and the Kavalappara Nayar on the other.

Certified copy of the Proceedings of the Diwan of Cochin, 6th January 1880.

Day Book, Showing daily income and expenditure of Koodali family.

Guardian and Wards Act 1890, Book A/85.

Intimation Letter dated 10.09.1987 to the performer of tira in the Koodali

Tazhathuveedu, from Koodali Daivathar Uralar.

Letter from K. Appunni Nayar, Kavalappara Mooppil Nayar to K.K.N.

Kurup, dated 4th November 1982.

Letter No. 154 of 1918, Koodal Manikkam Devaswam office Irinjalakuda dt.,

18.02.1918 to Kavalappara Moopil Nayar.

Letter No. D. 115/P-11 dated 22.1.1911 from R.B. Wood, Esquire, ICS,

Acting Collector of Malabar to Kavalappara Mooppil Nayar.

Nambiar Sankaran C., Retired Dt. & Session Judge (Arbitrator), Partition

Document Koodali Tarawad, Tellichery, 1956.

311
Petition written by Madhava Menon Manager of Kavalappara Estate to the

Collector of Malabar and agent to the Court of Wards dt. 15th

September 1902.

Proceedings of Court of Wards, No. 9, Press 13th January 1903, by C.J. Weir,

ICJ.

Proceedings of the Court of Wards dated, 15.10.1910.

Proceedings of the Court of Wards, No. 8, January, 1904.

Report of the Manager of Kavalappara Ittunni Rama Tharavanar to the

Collector of Malabar, dt. 23.08.1897.

Report on the administration of Estates under the Court of Wards in the

Madras Presidency for fasli 1300 (1890-91), Madras, 1892.

Report on the administration of Estates under the Court of Wards in the

Madras Presidency for fasli 1320 (1910-1911), Madras, 1912.

Report on the Administration of the Estates under the Court of Wards in the

Madras Presidency for fasli 1311 (1901-1902), Madras, 1903.

III MANUALS AND GAZATTEERS

Innes C.A. and Evans, Malabar Gazetteer (1908), Thiruvananthapuram, 1997.

Logan William, Malabar Manual (1887), Thiruvananthapuram, 2000

312
Menon Achyutha C., The Cochin State Manual (1908), Thiruvananthapuram,

1995.

Menon Sreedhara A. (ed.), Gazetteer of India, Kerala, Cannanore,

Thiruvananthapuram, 1972.

IV COURT RECORDS

Appeal No. 259/1938 in the High Court of Judicature at Madras dt. 9 April

1943, K. Kuttan Unni alias Elaya Nayar Vs. K. Kochunni alias

Mooppil Nayar.

Judgement of Suit No. 992 of 1817. Valiya Kava Nethiyar (mother of

Kavalappara third Nayar) Vs. Kavalappara Valiya Nayar, dt.

31.01.1818 in the Court of the Tekkey Pakuthi Zilla Adalathu,

Vettanadu Thukkidi Munciff.

Civil Suit No. 4, of 1857 in Jilla Civil Court.

Certified copy of the deposition of Appukuttan Unni alias Karakkat Mooppil

Nayar, DW 14, OS No. 34 of 1919, Sub Court Ottappalam, dt.

1.10.1922.

Certified copy of decree in Suit No. 117 of 1858, Thukkidi Munsiff Court,

Themmalapuram in Calicut district.

313
Order No. Os 26/1065, Partition file, Kavalappara family, Sub Court,

Ottappalam.

Os 46/1934 in the Court of Subordinate Judge of Ottappalam dt. 26.02.1938,

K. Kuttanunni alias Elaya Nayar Vs K. Kochunni alias Mooppil Nayar.

V SECONDARY SOURCES

1. Books in English

Alavi Hamsa, Capitalism and Colonial Production, London, Groom Helm,

1982.

Aloysius, G., Nationalism Without a Nation in India, Delhi, 1997.

Arunima G., There Comes Papa, New Delhi, 2003.

Ayyar Krishna K.V., Zamorins of Calicut (1938), University of Calicut, 1999.

Burke Peter, New Perspectives in Historical Writing, Polity Press Publication,

Great Britain, 2001.

Champakalakshmi (ed.), State and Society in Pre-Modern South India,

Thrissur, 2001.

Chatterjee Partha, A Princely Imposter & The Kumar of Bhawal and the

Secret History of Indian Nationalism, Delhi, 2002.

314
Cheriyan P.J. (ed.), Perspectives on Kerala History, Thiruvananthapuram,

1999.

Dirks Nicholos, The Hollow Crown: Ethno History of an Indian Kingdom,

Cambridge University Press, 1987.

Durant Will, The Age of Faith, New York, 1950.

Franz Margret, From Contact to Conquest - Transition to British Rule in

Malabar 1790-1805, Delhi, 2003.

Gurukkal Rajan, Kerala Temple and Early Medieval Agrarian System,

Sukapuram, 1992.

Hrivate Brain, et al., (ed.), The Contemporary History Handbook, Delhi,

1996.

Jyothi, P.K. "Marumakkathayam, Land Monopoly and British Policy in

Malabar (1800 - 1933)", unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, Department of

History, University of Calicut, 1992.

Kammen Carrol (ed.), The Pursuit of Local History, Delhi, 1996.

Kolb J. Eugene. A Framework for Political Analysis, London, 1978.

Kunhikrishnan V.V., Tenancy Legislation in Malabar (1880-1970), New

Delhi, 1993.

Kunjan Pillai P.N. Elamkulam, Studies in Kerala History, Kottayam, 1970.

315
Kurup K.K.N. Aryan Dravidian Elements in Malabar Folklore A Case Study

of Ramavilliam Kalakam, Thiruvananthapuram, 1977.

Kurup K.K.N., "European Impact on Malabar Society in the 18th Century - An

Analysis", Journal of Kerala Studies, Vol. IV, The Department of

History, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, 1977.

Kurup K.K.N., The Cult of Teyyam and Hero Worship in Kerala, University

of Calicut, 1973.

Kurup K.K.N., William Logan, A Study in the Agrarian Relations of Malabar,

Calicut University, 1981.

Kurup K.K.N., "A Note on the political elite and land control under the

British rule in Malabar", Paper presented to the ICHR Seminar,

Mysore University, 1985.

Kurup K.K.N., Teyyam a Ritual Dance of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, 1986.

Kurup K.K.N., Peasantry Nationalism and Social Change in India,

Allahabad, 1991.

Kurup K.K.N., Land Monopoly and Agrarian System in South Canara with

Special Reference to Kasaragode Taluk, University of Calicut, 2000.

Kusuman K.K., Slavery in Travancore, Trivandrum, 1973.

316
Mathew K.S. "The coronation ceremonies of the Kings of Cochin and the

Portuguese", paper presented to the National Seminar on Cochin, St.

Alberts College, Ernakulam, November, 15-16, 2008.

Menon Achyuta C., The Cochin State Mannual (1911), Thiruvananthapuram,

1995.

Menon Padmanabha K.P., History of Kerala, Vol. II, Ernakulam, 1929.

Menon Sreedhara A., A Survey of Kerala History (1967), Kottayam, 2007.

Menon Sreedhara A., Cultural Heritage of Kerala An Introduction, Cochin,

1978.

Menon Sreedhara A., Social and Cultural History of Kerala, New Delhi,

1979.

Mujeebu Rahman E.B. (ed.), The Locale Speak: Papers in Local History,

Calicut, 2009.

Murickan J.S.J., Religion and Power Structure in Rural India: A Study of Two

Fishing Villages in Kerala - Poovar and Sakthikulangara, New Delhi,

1991.

Nair Ramachandran, The State and Economy in Colonial British Kerala,

Thiruvananthapuram, 1998.

317
Nambiar Kunhikammaran K.T., The History of Koodali Family, unpublished

document, kept in the Koodali taravad.

Narayanan M.G.S., Cultural Symbiosis in Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, 1972.

Narayanan M.G.S., Perumals of Kerala, Kozhikode, 1996.

Narayanan M.T., Agrarian Relations in Late Medieval Malabar, New Delhi,

2003.

Oommen, M.A., Land Reforms and Socio Economic Change in Kerala,

Thiruvananthapuram, 1971.

Panikkar Gopal T.K., Malabar and Its Folk, New Delhi, 1900.

Panikkar K.N., "Agrarian Legislations and Social Classes in Malabar",

Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 13, No. 21, May, 1971.

Panikkar K.N., Against Lord and State - Religion and Peasant Uprisings in

Malabar, 1836-1921, New Delhi, 1989.

Pohlong Basil, Culture and Religion: A Conceptual Study, New Delhi, 2004.

Pouchepadass Jacques, Land Power and Market: A Bihar District under

Colonial Rule, 1860-1947, New Delhi, 2000.

Pulavar Krishnankutty K.L., Tholpavakuthu: The Traditional Shadow Puppet

Play of Kerala, Vol. I, Trissur, 1987.

318
Pushpalatha K., “Kavalappara Papers: An Enquiry into its value as a source of

Kerala History”, Proceedings of South Indian History Congress,

Madurai Kamaraj University, 2005.

Pushapalatha K. "Nayar feudal families as Trustees of Temples: A Case Study

of Koodali Kavu in North Malabar". Proceedings of South Indian

History Congress, Bangalore, 2006.

Pushpalatha K., “Aspects of Agrestic Slavery in Colonial Malabar”,

Proceedings of South Indian History Congress Rajapalayam, 2-4

February 2007.

Pushpalatha K., "Leather Puppetry and Ritual Status - A Case Study of a

Landowning House in Kerala". Paper presented at Indian History

Congress, 67th Session, Farook College, unpublished, 10-12 March

2007.

Pushpalatha K. "Impact of the British System of the Recruitment of the Army

on the Nayar Communities of Malabar", Paper presented to the annual

session of Indian History Congress at Delhi, unpublished, 2007.

Pushpalatha K. "Coronation and Installation ceremonies of the chiefs of

Kerala and their implications", paper presented to the 69th session of

Indian History Congress, Kannur University, unpublished, December

2008.

319
Pushpalatha K., “Administration of the Property of Chieftains by the Court of

Wards in the Madras Presidency during the period of Colonialism with

Special Reference to Kerala”, Paper Presented to the South Indian

History Congress, Thirunellveli, Feb. 2009, unpublished.

Radhakrishnan S., Peasant Struggles, Land Reform and Social Changes in

Malabar (1936-1982), Delhi, 1981.

Raghavan M.S., Folk Plays and Dances of Kerala, The Rama Varma

Archaeological Society, Trissur, 1947.

Raj Kaleeswaram and Suchithra K.P., Commentaries on Marumakkathayam

Law, Centre for Legal Studies, Payyannur, 1995.

Rao, M.S.A., Tradition, Rationality and Change, Bombay, 1972.

Renjini.D, Nayar Women Today, New Delhi, 2000

Sarabhai Mallika, et al., (ed.), Performing Arts of Kerala, Ahmedabad, 1994.

Singh Hira, Colonial Hegemony and Popular Resistance, Delhi, 1998.

Singh, K.S., People of India, Kerala, New Delhi, 2002.

Srinivas M.N. et al., (ed.), Dimensions of Social Change in India, New Delhi,

1977.

320
Sundararaj, T. “Micro History for Spiral Historical Consciousness Towards

Macro History”, Endowment Lecture delivered to the 30th Annual

Session of South Indian History Congress, Kannur, 6-8 February 2010.

Swarnakumari E.K. "Social Changes in Malabar with Special reference to

Two traditional communities (1881-1933)", Ph.D Thesis, unpublished,

University of Calicut, 2001.

Trevelyan G.M., English Social History (1944), England, 1986.

Varier Raghava, M.R., Village Community in Pre-Colonial Kerala, Delhi,

1994.

Vijayalekshmy, M. "Temple as a Consumer", Paper presented to the

International Seminar of Kerala Studies, unpublished,

Thiruvananthapuram, 1994.

Vincent P.J. and Shinas A.M. (ed.), Local History: Explorations in Theory

and Method, Kozhikode, 2009.

2. Books in Malayalam

Azheekode Sanjeevan, Theyyathile Jathivazhakkam, Kottayam, 2007.

Bhaskaranunni P., Pathonpatham Noottantile Keralam, Thrissur, 1988.

Bhaskaranunni P., Pathompatham Nootantile Keralam (1988), Kottayam,

2000.

321
Choondal Chummar, "Moonnu Naden Kalaroopangal", Mathrubhumi Weekly,

Annual Number, 1977, Calicut.

Ganesh K.N., Keralathinte Innalekhal, Thiruvananthapuram, 1990.

Ganesh, K.N., Pradhesika Charithra Rachana, Kerala Sashtra Sahithya

Parishat, Kollam, 1996.

Guptan Bhaskara E.P., Desayanam, Samabhavini Books, Kadampazhipuram,

Palakkad, 2004.

Johny O.K., Wynadan Rekhakhal, Calicut, 2001.

Kartha P.C. Acharanushtanakosam, Kottayam, 1998.

Koodali High School Golden Jubilee Souvenir, 1995-96, Kannur, 1996.

Menon Sreedhara A., Kerala Charithram (1967), Kottayam, 1977.

Namboodiripad, E.M.S., Keralam Malayalikalude Mathrubhumi, Trivandrum,

1981.

Nambuthiri N.M. Vaniyamkulam Panchayat Vijnaniyam, Part 1st,

Thiruvananthapuram, 2001.

Nambuthiri, N.M. (ed.), Samuthiri Charithrathile Kanappurangal,

Sukapuram, 1988.

322
Namboothiripad E.M.S. and Govindha Pillai P., Gramscian Vichara

Viplavam, Thiruvananthapuram, 1996.

Narayanan M.G.S. (ed.), Malabar Mahotsavam, Souvenir, 1993, Kozhikode

Poduval Kalamandalam Krishnankutty, Melappadam, Kottayam, 1982.

Purushothaman A. Ghantakarnan Teyyam in North Kerala, An eye-witness

account, Koodali Thazhathu Veedu, January 28-29, 2004.

Vincent P.J. (ed.), Kunnummal Gramacharithram Vamozhikalilude, North

Kerala History Association, Vadakara, 2002.

Zacharia Scaria. Anjuru Varshathe Keralam: Chila Arivatayalangal,

Changanacherry, 1999.

Vijayakumar K., Kalaripayattu - Keralathinte Sakhtiyam Saundariavum,

Thiruvananthapuram, 2000.

Venu, G. "Kalamezhuthu", Samskara Keralam, Department of Cultural

Publication, Kerala Government, Trivandrum, 1985.

Venugopalan T.K., Desacharithram, Avinisseri Grama Panchayath, Trissur,

2000.

Valath V.V.K., Keralathile Sthala Charithrangal, Thrissur Jilla (1981),

Thrissur, 2003.

Kurup Balakrishna K., Kozhikodinte Charithram, Calicut, 2000.

323
Nair Guptan S. (ed.), Visva Vijnanakosham, Vol. IV, Kottayam, 1988.

Nair Guptan S. (ed.), Viswavijnanakosam, Vol. 7, Kottayam, 1989.

Nair Ramachandran G. Pattom, Nayar Samudayathinte Ithihasam (1987),

Thiruvananthapuram, 2005.

VI INTERVIEWS

Interviews with Advocate Mohankumar, the present Receiver of Kavalappara

Estate, dated, 25.10.2008 and 20.09.2009.

Interviews with Indira Nethiyar, a senior female member of Kavalappara

family dated 25.08.2009, 20.09.2009 and 18.07.2009.

Interview with K.K. Ramachandra Pulavar, famous Tolpavakuthu artist on

28.02.2007.

Interviews with K.T. Kunhi Krishnan Nambiar Komath, a senior member of

Koodali tarawad, dated 12.10.2009 and 10.06.2008.

Interview with K.T. Kunhi Krishnan Nambiar, Present Karanavar of Koodali

Tarawadu, dated 10.06.2008.

Interviews with K.T. Sudhakaran, member of Koodali tarawad, dated

05.07.2008 and 20.10.2009.

Interview with Meledathu Kumaran Velichappadu dated 06.04.2009.

324
Interview with Sarala Nethiyar, a Senior female Member of Kavalappara

family dated 10.10.2008.

Interview with Venkiteswaran Embrandiri aged 85, the Present Priest in

Eruppa temple, dated 22.03.2010.

Interview with Venkiteswaran Embrandiri, aged 80, the present priest of

Eruppe temple, on dt. 22.03.2010.

VII NEWSPAPERS AND JOURNALS

Chilla Magazine, April, 1990.

Desabhimani Weekly, No. 15, 2003.

Desabhimani Weekly, September 14, 2002.

Desamithram Weekly, Kannur, No. 15, 1955.

Journal of Kerala Studies, Vol. IV, Dept. of History, University of Kerala,

1977.

Manorama Azhchapathippu, July 14, 1973.

Mathrubhumi Daily, December 2, 1929.

Mathrubhumi Daily, January 2, 1930.

Mathrubhumi Daily, January 29, 1930.

Mathrubhumi Daily, March 7, 1933.

325
Mathrubhumi Daily, November 27, 1930.

Mathrubhumi Daily, November 30, 1930.

Prabhatham, January 13, 1938.

Prabhatham, January 23, 1939.

326