Narration: The Philippines were claimed in the name

of Spain in 1521 by Ferdinand Magellan, a

Portuguese explorer sailing for Spain, who named
the islands after King Philip II of Spain.
Title Slide: NONE
Music: NONE
Motion: NONE

Narration: They were then called Las Felipinas. By

the 1830's Spanish culture and thought had
penetrated into Filipino culture to the extent that the
Filipino people began thinking about liberation from
Spain. The government of Spain developed Filipino
agriculture to the point that it was self-sufficient.
Title Slide: NONE
Music: NONE
Motion: Pan left to right
Narration: After some attempts at independence,
and an equal number of atrocities on the part of
Spain, Filipino Nationalists began to speak out. One
of the most famous of the time was Jose Rizal.
Title Slide: NONE
Music: NONE
Motion: Pan right to left

Narration: He studied medicine at the University of

Santo Tomas in the Philippines and the University of
Madrid.
Title Slide: NONE
Music: NONE
Motion: Zoom in to out

Narration: Rizal wrote two important novels that

portrayed the abuses of Spanish rule. Although the
books were banned, they were smuggled into the
Philippines and widely read.
Title Slide: NONE
Music: NONE
Motion: Pan left to right

Narration: On the night of his execution, on

December 30, 1896, Rizal proclaimed the
Philippines "the Pearl of the Oriental Seas". His
death is annually commemorated on December 30
Title Slide: NONE
Music: NONE
Motion: Zoom in on the photo
Narration: Rizal's execution gave impetus to the
revolution. Although the Filipino rebels, lead by
Emilio Aguinaldo, did not win complete
independence, the Spanish were not able to end the
rebellion.
Title Slide: NONE
Music: NONE
Motion: Pan top left to bottom right
Narration: In December of 1897, negotiations with
Spain resulted in the the Pact of Biak-na-Bato. All of
the rebels were granted anmisty and the leaders of
the revolution returned in voluntary exile to Honk
Kong. While in Hong Kong, Aguinaldo and his
compatriots designed what is today the Philippine
national flag.
Title Slide: NONE
Music: NONE
Motion: NONE
Narration: At the same time that the Philippines
were fighting to gain independence from Spain,
Cuba was also fighting against Spanish rule. Cuba
had the support of the United States. When the
American battleship, USS Maine, sank in the
Havana harbor, war between the United States and
Spain became imminent.
Title Slide: NONE
Music: NONE
Motion: Pan right to left
Narration: On April 25, 1898, Commodore George
Dewey was sent to engage the Spanish navy in the
Philippines. On May 1, 1898, Admiral Dewey
attacked the Spanish fleet from his ship, the USS
Olympia. The battle lasted for a few hours before
the Spanish fleet was completely destroyed at
Manila Bay. The American fleet sustained minor
damage.
Title Slide: NONE
Music: NONE
Motion: Zoom in to the person
Narration: The Spanish-American war officially
ended with the Treaty of Paris on December 10,
1898. However, the American government was only
interested in Cuba's independence, not that of the
Philippines. By the Treaty, Cuba gained its
independence and Spain ceded the Philippines,
Guam and Puerto Rico to the United States for the
sum of US$20 million.
Title Slide: NONE
Music: NONE
Motion: Pan left to right
Narration: The US was unsure what to do with their
colonial possession, the Philippines. On January 20,
1899, McKinley created the First Philippine
Commission to make recommendations.
Title Slide:
Music: NONE
Motion: Pan left to right

Narration: The Treaty of Paris and subsequent

actions by the United States were not well received
by the Filipinos, and they were not even consulted.
The Philippine War of Independence began on
February 4, 1899 and continued for two years.
Title Slide: NONE
Music: NONE
Motion: Pan right to left
Narration: The United States needed 126,000
soldiers to subdue the Philippines. The war took the
lives of 4,234 Americans and 16,000 Filipinos. The
Commonwealth of the Philippines was established
by the United States government in 1935 with a view
to granting Filipino independence within 10 years.
Title Slide: NONE
Music: NONE
Motion: Pan up to down
Narration: However, on December 8, 1941 ten hours
after the attack on Pearl Harbor, the Japanese
military invaded the Philippines. United States forces
under the command of General Douglas MacArthur
withdrew to Java on December 12, 1941. MacArthur
promised: "I shall return".
Title Slide: NONE
Music: NONE
Motion: Pan down to up
Narration: General MacArthur kept his promise and
returned with a massive amphibious force on the
island of Leyte in October of 1944. Over the next
four months, U.S. forces, with the help of Filipino
guerrillas routed the Japanese army.
Title Slide: NONE
Music: NONE
Motion: NONE
Narration: After the war, the United Stated restored
the pre-war Commonwealth government. By 1946
the Philippines had transformed from a
Commonwealth to an independent republic.
Title Slide: NONE
Music: NONE
Motion: Pan left to right