A Project/Dissertation Review-1 Report

on
An Application of Using Wireless Sensor by MatLab Prowler
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the
requirement for the award of the degree
of

School of Computer Science

PROJECT GUIDE
MR. SMEEN GUPTA

Professor

Submitted By
HARSH CHAUHAN
(20SCSE1010094)

SCHOOL OF COMPUTING SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND
ENGINEERING GALGOTIAS UNIVERSITY, GREATER NOIDA
INDIA
OCT, 2021
ABSTRACT:-
In real-time scenarios, wireless sensor network (WSN) suffers from severe
constraints such as restricted power supply, short communication range,
less bandwidth availability, and small memory storage. Owing to these
severe constraints, the time complexity, space complexity, and cost
complexity of these networks are very high. Hence, deploying a real
sensor network environment for the testing of a newly designed protocol
is a Herculean task. To overcome this issue, instead of doing live
implementation of such networks, simulation modelling is accepted as an
alternative approach. This study provides a comprehensive study about
existing network simulators along with their advantages and weaknesses.
This study also presented a case study for a preferable simulation
methodology, i.e. MATLAB/Simulink. Firstly, this case study highlights
prominent features of MATLAB/Simulink. Secondly, simulation results
of implementing AODV (Adhoc on Demand Vector Protocol) in terms of
simulation runtime using four simulators net simulator-2 (NS-2), NS-3,
OMNet++, and MATLAB is presented. Thirdly, survey of few very well-
known clustering protocols in WSNs is done. This study will prove to be
beneficial for researchers of this domain as it surveys the literature over
the period 2008–2020 focusing on simulation tools and simulation metrics
used by researchers to simulate WSNs.
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) has been identified as one of the most
important emerging technologies for the 21st century to monitor
environments, and have a lot of applications include warfare, smart homes
and rescue. This paper presents an insight to the wireless sensor networks
using CSMA-based media access control protocol (MAC) with various
performance measures to evaluate the efficacy of the model. We use
MATLAB based PROWLER to design our simulated WSN model with
Normal Radio Model, Radio Model with SINR, and Radio Model using
Rayleigh Fading for Spanning tree and geographical angle based routing.
The simulation results show that the simulator under valuation can
effectively approximate the behavior of WSN in terms of a number of
packet sent and received and detected collisions.
INTRODUCTION:-

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are gaining enormous attention from

researchers across the globe in almost every domain. WSNs have the
scope in multiple application areas such as healthcare monitoring, target
tracking, home automation, pollution controlling, traffic light management
and machine health observation etc. WSNs are most commonly set up in
areas that are harsh and unattended. In such hostile areas, it becomes
almost infeasible to use manpower to continuously observe the
surrounding conditions. Examples of such critical application areas are
landslide monitoring, ecological monitoring, forest fire detection, bridge
health monitoring, border surveillance etc. To cope with this issue, sensors
are deployed for monitoring purpose. Sensor nodes work collaboratively
in observing the target region and send the signals periodically to the base
station (BS). Depending on the values of the observed parameters, further
actions are taken by the end-users.
Owing to the constraints restricted nature and infrastructure-less
framework of sensor networks, designing a real model for the testing of
newly designed protocol or algorithm sometimes proves to be highly risky
and worthless in terms of money and time. Instead of doing the live
implementation of the sensor networks, other alternative paradigms that
proved to be cost and time effective are also available and can be adopted.
These options that can be used to analyse and test a newly designed
protocol are namely (i) adopting mathematical analysis, (ii) using test-bed,
or (iii) modelling through simulation. Mathematical analysis is a branch of
mathematics that makes use of application-related functions and theories
such as differentiation and integration to analyse continuity and
smoothness in optimisation problem under study. The test-bed is a
platform to test an existing system by stimulating inputs into it and
comparing the obtained output with the expected output. This approach
makes a comparison between the generated output and the desired output
to investigate the system against its weaknesses. Contrarily simulator is a
cost-effective mechanism to model, test, visualise, and analyse a real
system without the use of expensive hardware infrastructures. It is not an
actual execution but an approximate imitation of a model.
LITERATURE SURVEY:-
Simulation tools for wireless sensor networks are
increasingly being used to study sensor webs and to test
new applications and protocols in this evolving research
field. There is always an overriding concern when using
simulation that the results may not reflect accurate
behavior. It is therefore essential to know the strengths and
weaknesses of these simulators. This paper provides a
comprehensive survey and comparisons of various popular
sensor network simulators with a view to help researchers
choose the best simulator available for a particular
application environment. It also provides a detailed
comparison describing the pros and cons of each simulator.
BENEFITS:-

 Ease of Use :- The program can be used as a scratchpad to evaluate

expressions typed at the command line, or it can be used to execute
large prewritten programs.

 Platform Independence:- MATLAB is supported on different

computer systems, providing a considerable measure of platform
independence.

 Predefined Functions :- MATLAB comes complete with a

huge library of predefined functions that provides tested
and prepackaged solutions to many primary technical
tasks.

 Device-Independent Plotting :- MATLAB has many basic plotting

and imaging commands. The plots and pictures can be
displayed on any graphical output device provided by the
computer on which MATLAB is running.

 Graphical User Interface :- MATLAB contains a tool that allows a

programmer to interactively design a Graphical User Interface (GUI)
for his program.

TOOLS REQUIRED:-

To complete this project, tools/prerequisites

that we need are:-
1- Statistics and Machine Learning Toolbox (Statistics and
Machine Learning Toolbox)
2- Curve Fitting Toolbox™ (Curve Fitting Toolbox)
3- Control System Toolbox™ (Control System Toolbox)
4- Signal Processing Toolbox™ (Signal Processing Toolbox)
5- Mapping Toolbox™ (Mapping Toolbox)
Conclusion
Simulation is the mechanism of designing, implementing, and
investigating a designed prototype of a physical model to check its
performance under varying parameters and experimental configurations.
This study discusses the numerous advantages such as ease in
implementation, economical, easy analysis of real-time scenarios by
considering multiple what–if cases. The main objective of this study is to
highlight special characteristics of a good simulator such as scalability,
completeness, extensibility, and fidelity. A visualisation tool is required in
any simulation tool to allow end-users to visualise, monitor, analyse, and
debug simulation outcomes. Future work will include the experimental
evaluation of different simulators based on the primary metrics such as
network throughput and latency, end-to-end delay, packet delivery ratio,
and CPU usage under different network scenarios.
7 References
REFERENCES:-
 Wiley Online LibraryWeb of Science®Google Scholar

 https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007%2F978-3-642-
39524-6
 Google Scholar
 Crossref