Newton’s Laws of Motion notes

First Law: An object at _________ stays at __________ or an object in __________ stays in __________ (in the
same direction/at the same speed) unless acted upon by an ________________________. Also called the
__________________________________.
Inertia:
 A property of _________________
 The tendency of an object to ____________ any change in its _______________
 The greater the _____________ the ____________ the
inertia
 The greater the _____________ the ____________ the
inertia

Examples of Newton’s First Law:

a) car suddenly stops and you strain against the seat belt
b) when riding a horse, the horse suddenly stops and you fly over its head
c) the magician pulls the tablecloth out from under a table full of dishes
d) the difficulty of pushing a dead car
e) lawn bowling on a cut and rolled lawn verses an uncut lawn
f) car turns left and you appear to slide to the right

To ______________ moving,
A figure skater must apply a ______________ using her skates.
Once in motion, she’ll __________________ to glide along the ice in a
_______________________
for a long time…unless she applies another ________________.

A snowboarder experiences a ________________ due to _________________ which pulls her

_____________. She will move in a ___________________________ unless she applies a ___________ to
the board, changing direction.

A train is a very ______________________object,

and therefore has a lot of __________________.
Once in _______________, it is very difficult to _______________,
requiring a very large _________________ to slow it.

A car rolling down a hill is being moved by the force of ____________________.

When the car hits the wall, the ___________________ inertia of the wall stops
it.
But anything _________ attached to the car will still move
__________________,
So the man running after the car will lose his coffee, his lunch, and his briefcase.

© Sunrise Science, 2015

Second law:
 The ______________ the force, the greater the ____________________
 The greater the ____________, the greater the force _______________ for the ___________ acceleration
 Calculated by: _____________ where (F = __________, m = __________, a = ________________)

The second law states that ___________________ forces cause objects to ____________________ with an acceleration
which is _________________ proportional to the net ____________ and _______________proportional to the _________.

This one is telling us that big _______________ objects don’t move as __________ or as easily as
smaller ________________objects.

It takes more to slow down a charging bull then to slow down a charging mouse.

Mass and _____________________ are _________________ proportional to one another.

Examples of Newton’s Second Law:

a) hitting a baseball: the harder the hit, the faster the ball goes
b) accelerating or decelerating a car
c) positioning of football players: massive players on the line with lighter (faster to
accelerate) players in the backfield
d) a loaded versus an unloaded truck

As the water flows over the edge of the rocks, _______________, which exerts a _______________
force on it, causes it to accelerate ________________: The water moves _______________ the longer
it falls.

When the girl throws the ball, she is applying a force to it and accelerating it.
As soon as she lets go, ______________, which also applies a force,
__________________ the ball downward.

A baseball player applies a _________ force to a baseball, accelerating it to high ______________.

If the ball had more __________, that same ___________ would not accelerate the ball to such a high
velocity.

Racecars are made of

_________________ materials like fiberglass to
quicken their acceleration. Also, the force of
___________ required to slow down a moving car
needs to be greater as the mass of the car
_____________.

© Sunrise Science, 2015

Third law: For every _____________ force, there is an ______________ and _____________ ______________
force. (Forces are always______________.)

Examples of Newton’s Third Law:

a)

rockets leaving earth

b) guns being fired
c) two cars hit head on
d) astronauts in space
e) pool or billiards
f) jumping out of a boat onto the dock
g) sprinklers rotating

A rocket works by propelling _______ out the back end at high __________. The ___________ of the mass of the burning
fuel accelerating out the back end applies an ____________ reaction force to the rocket, moving it forward.

The rocket is not simply pushing against the ground.

When the man pushes the heavy box up the ramp, he ____________ a force to the box.

The box ____________ by pushing back. If the man pushes hard enough, he can ______________
gravity and _____________, accelerating the box up the ramp.

The woman _____________ a shopping cart feels

an _____________ force applied by the cart on her.

When the softball player hits the ball with her bat,
the ball _____________ by pushing back on her.

The player __________ this as a jerk backwards

when the bat contacts the ball.

Fish ____________ themselves _______________

by _____________ water __________, behind them.

The water __________ by pushing the fish in the opposite direction,

____________. (Propeller motion!)

© Sunrise Science, 2015

When the boy runs up to the ball and kicks it, he applies a ___________ to the ball,
moving it ______________.

The ball ____________ by pushing back against the boy, which he feels as
_______________ on his foot when he kicks the ball.

© Sunrise Science, 2015