11/09/2021

P100: UNDERSTANDING
THE SELF
MODULE 3: PSYCHOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES OF THE SELF

LEARNING GOALS

◦ At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:

❑Think and reflect on the psychological views of
the self
❑Explain the psychological variables that influences
the self
❑Identify the distinction among psychological
perspectives of the self

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LIST OF TOPICS
◦ HUMANISTIC PERSPECTIVE
◦ PSYCHOANALYTIC PERSPECTIVE
◦ COGNITIVE PERSPECTIVE
◦ MORAL PERSPECTIVE
◦ MODERN PERSPECTIVE

HUMANISTIC PERSPECTIVE

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The SELF is mainly concerned with satisfying

its needs.

BASIC NEEDS should be satisfied first before

the self can hope to satisfy the higher order
needs.
ABRAHAM
MASLOW THERE IS NO PARTICULAR ORDER IN THE
GRATIFICATION OF NEEDS AS LONG AS THE
(1908-1970) SELF SEEKS OUT TO SATISFY THESE.

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WITH THE SHIFT IN

THE MODE OF HOW
EDUCATION IS
DELIVERED TO
YOU, WHAT WERE
SOME NEEDS THAT
HAVE BEEN ADDED
TO WHAT YOU
CONSIDER AS
YOUR BASIC NEED?

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The SELF emerges through the individual’s

EXPERIENCES with the world.

SELF AS THE “I” OR “ME” OF OUR EXISTENCE

The SELF is comprised of ONE’S SELF-PERCEPTIONS

CARL ROGERS and the VALUES we attach to these perceptions.
(1908-1987)

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ADDRESSING INCONGRUENCE

UNCONDITIONAL
EMPATHY GENUINENESS
POSITIVE REGARD

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PSYCHOANALYTIC
PERSPECTIVE

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SIGMUND FREUD (1856-1939)

◦FATHER OF PSYCHOANALYSIS

◦PSYCHOSEXUAL THEORY OF DEVELOPMENT

◦EROGENOUS ZONE

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STRUCTURAL
MODEL:
THE
PROVINCES
OF THE
MIND

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ERIK ERIKSON (1902-1994)

◦EGO AS A POSITIVE FORCE THAT CREATES A SELF-IDENTITY

◦THE SELF AS LARGELY SHAPED BY SOCIETY.

◦EACH STAGE HAS A CONFLICT OR PSYCHOSOCIAL CRISIS THAT HELPS

SHAPE THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE EGO OR SELF-IDENTITY OF A CHILD.

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COGNITIVE PERSPECTIVE

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FOCUS ON THE COGNITIVE ASPECT OF THE SELF

CHILDREN ACTIVELY CONSTRUCT KNOWLEDGE AS THEY

EXPLORE AND MANIPULATE THE WORLD AROUND THEM.
SCHEMAS

ASSIMILATION
JEAN PIAGET
(1896-1980) ACCOMMODATION

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MORAL PERSPECTIVE

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LAWRENCE KOHLBERG (1927-1986)

◦FOCUS ON THE MORAL ASPECT OF THE SELF

◦ASKED CHILDREN TO CONSIDER CERTAIN MORAL DILEMMAS

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MODERN PERSPECTIVE

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WILLIAM JAMES (1842-1910)

◦THE SELF AS THE SUM TOTAL OF ALL THAT A MAN

CAN CALL HIS.

◦“I SELF”

◦“ME SELF”

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EDWARD
HIGGINS
(1946-
PRESENT)

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DANIEL OGLIVIE (1850-1924)

◦UNDESIRED SELF
◦STABLE ANCHOR FOR ASSESSING THE REAL SELF
◦WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN TO US

◦STRONGER RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN REAL/ UNDESIRED

DISCREPANCIES AND LIFE SATISFACTION

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ACTIVITIES

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IDEAL VS. ACTUAL SELF

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MY
HIERARCHY
OF NEEDS

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SEPTEMBER 15, 2021: MODULE 3 QUIZ

◦IDENTIFICATION: 10 POINTS

◦MULTIPLE CHOICE: 20 POINTS

◦ESSAY: 20 POINTS
MODULE 4: THE PHYSICAL SELF

LIVESTREAM LECTURE-DISCUSSION AT 5 PM.

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