RECENT ADVANCEMENT IN SELF HEALING

MATERIAL

A SEMINAR REPORT
Submitted by
SHRIDHAR DHANANI(U18CH023)
Guided by
Dr. JIGNASA V. GOHEL

in partial fulfillment for the award of the

degree of
BACHELOR OF
TECHNOLOGY IN
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
At

SARDAR VALLABHBHAI NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF

TECHNOLOGY, SURAT – 395007
Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat
Chemical Engineering Department

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the B. Tech. IV (7th Semester) Seminar Report entitled “RECENT
ADVANCEMENT IN SELF HEALING MATERIAL” submitted by Candidate SHRIDHAR
DHANANI (U18CH023) in the partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of degree
B. Tech. in Chemical Engineering. We certify that the work is comprehensive, complete, and
fit for evaluation.

Seminar Guide

Dr. Jignasa V. Gohel

Examiner 1:

Examiner 2:

Examiner 3:

Dr. Chetan M. Patel

(HOD, Chemical Engineering Department)

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Here, I would like to take the opportunity to express my gratitude towards all the people who
have been involved in successful completion of this seminar, without them this seminar would
have never achieved the success it has.

With sincere respect, I would like to thank my project guide Dr. JIGNASA V. GOHEL,
Associate Professor, Chemical Engineering Department, SVNIT, Surat, for her valuable time,
efforts, guidance and moral support. Her continuous guidance and support led this seminar to a
successful completion by providing an opportunity to work on this seminar topic.

- SHRIDHAR P. DHANANI
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABSTRACT....................................................................................................................................1

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................2

CHAPTER 2: POLYMER BASED SELF HEALING MATERIAL…………………... ……

CHAPTER 3: METALLIC SELF HEALING MATERIAL ………………………………….

CHAPTER4: RECENT REVIEW ON OTHER NEW ADVANCEMENT ……………………...

CHAPTER 5: FUTURE ASPECTS ……………………………………………………………

CONCLUSIONS...........................................................................................................................

REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................
 ABSTRACT

As the Self-healing material are the type of material in which material can mimic biological process of
healing, for an example, healing of wound on skin, reunion of broken bone segment, etc. such
invincible process of healing, is still a fantasy. The self-healing material can heal itself against the
damage made by the external forces and restore the material to its original property. Self-healing
materials can be used to increase the reliability of the material and extend the service life. Self-healing
can significantly increase the service life of structural or mechanical member. This seminar consists of
the review of the different type of self-healing material, their production processes, their triggering
processes, and the future aspects of the self-healing material. The future aspects of the self-healing
materials are prospected, optimization and development in the new healing agents system are required
in order to improve the lifetime and efficiency of the material.

1
INTRODUCTION

2
POLYMER BASED SELF HEALING MATERIAL

3
 METALLIC SELF HEALING MATRIAL

Many research areas are limited to the self-healing characteristics of the polymer material that can be
used as the coating to the metals. The self-healing of polymers is popular because it requires less
energy for bond formation and breakage because of weak bond strength compared to metallic bond
strength. In metallic materials, Self-healing at nanoscale level is limited to crack closer at same scale
level only. Once crack is reached a level above nano scale, it tends to grow because of crack
coalescence.

In comparison to polymer, it is difficult to heal metallic materials because metallic bonds are strong,
have small volumes and low diffusion rate unlike polymer. One way of self-healing of metals is to coat
themselves with the polymer self-healing material. Metallic self-healing is a tougher task because of
high recrystallization temperature or specialized environment is required to execute self-healing
process.

Metallic self-healing can be classified on basis the of nano scale length and macro scale length.

For the metallic self-healing uses , these type of metals are used for alloying .

1. Nitinol:
the combination of Nickle and Titanium in suitable ratio normally around 1:1.
It is an inter-metallic compound exhibits remarkable properties, several out of these properties
are associated to order-disorder transitions which occurs in the near vicinity of 20°C to 50°C
which represent room temperature and includes tensile strain about 20%, retention of very high
ductility at cryogenic temperature, high fatigue resistance and damping characteristics and an
apparent “shape memory effect” such that a part deformed at a temperature below transition
temperature will revert to its original form on heating to transition temperature.

2. Magnesium:
Mg is gaining lot of interest for light weight applications. Magnesium exhibits excellent
mechanical characteristics such as castability, good thermal conductivity, high specific strength,
high good thermal conductivity, high damping capacity. But because of limited absolute strength,
low ductility, low modulus of elasticity and due to low corrosion resistance, it cannot be used in
several structural and mechanical applications. Adding secondary reinforcements into the
Magnesium matrix enhances mechanical properties such as stiffness

3. Aluminum:
Aluminum is picking up enthusiasm for engineering applications where lightness of metal is
an important consideration. Lighter metals save energy, as weight decreases at constant or enhanced
mechanical properties it signifies performance of mechanism, which would translate into higher
efficiency or cost saving for the industries and the end user as well. Aluminum has also high
specific strength, good thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance, high damping capacity, and

4
 lower melting point hence easy cast-ability. The most used techniques to solve these limitations are:
(a) composite technology (b) alloying and (c) surface treatment by suitable coating.

Mechanism of healing:

Here , The self-healing process is related to the nano scale self healing process. It is classified in two
processes:

1. Precipitation technique: this technique is further classified into two different process based on
the temperature required the process.

 High T Precipitation:
This type of phenomenon is useful where the temperature is sufficiently high during the
life cycle of the material, high temperature is required for lattice diffusion necessary to
accelerate solutes towards the nano-voids, but temperature should not be too high otherwise
the process will be outside the nano-voids site. The self-healing through precipitation at
high-T is very well-known concept. The micro-structure should contain a super-saturated
number of solute particles. Rapid cooling from high temperatures produces a meta-stable,
supersaturated solid solution, and upon aging it tends to precipitate the secondary phases.
For the high temperature precipitation notion to work properly, precipitation must not occur
immediately with-in the microstructure, but it should be done at the available sites of nano-
voids. a nanovoid forms nearby the vicinity of grain boundary during next stage which
represent damage and later during healing stage same void attracts the solute atoms and
finally acts as nucleation site which consequently completes the healing process.