Plate Sample 6F Root

Welding Process MMA (SMAW)

Poor Stop/Start + Lack of Root

?
Penetration + Crater Pipe ?
Blow Hole
?
Arc Strikes Lack of Lack of
Mechanical Damage +
?
Lack of Root Fusion
Root
?
Fusion ?
Root
Fusion

?
Lack of Root Fusion
?
Arc Strikes

?
Arc Strikes

Note: Arc strikes require blending and crack detection

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