IT2011

Laboratory Exercise
Hypothesis and Hypothesis Testing
Objectives:

At the end of the exercise, the students should be able to:

• formulate the null and alternative hypotheses; and

• perform the steps of hypothesis testing to a given set of data.

Procedures (40 points):

Researchers wanted to know whether there was a difference in comprehension among students
learning a computer program based on the text style. They randomly divided 18 students into two (2)
groups of 9 each. The researchers verified that the 18 students were similar in terms of educational
level, age, etc. Group 1 individuals learned the software using visual manual (multimodal instruction),
while Group 2 individuals learned the software using textual manual (Unimodal instruction). The
following data represent scores the students received on an exam given to them they studied from the
manuals.
Visual Textual
51.08 64.55
57.03 57.60
44.85 68.59
75.21 50.75
56.87 49.63
75.28 43.58
57.07 57.40
80.30 49.48
52.20 49.57

1. State the Null and Alternative Hypothesis. (2 items × 3 points)

𝐻0 : __________________________________________________________________________

𝐻𝑎 : __________________________________________________________________________

2. Set the level of significance or alpha level to 0.05.

3. Determine the statistical test to be used. (1 item × 3 points)

Dependent variable: Scores

Independent variable: Style of the text (Visual and Textual)

Since we are comparing the means of the scores of two independent populations/ groups, What
statistical test should be used?

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4. Calculate the test statistic or the p-value. The results below are obtained using MS Excel. (3 items × 3
points)

a. We have to determine first if the variances are equal or not equal.

Formulate the null and alternative hypotheses of the statement in a.

𝐻0 : ____________________________________________________________________

𝐻𝑎 : ____________________________________________________________________

Figure 1. This figure shows the computed p-value using F-Test Two-Sample for Variances in MS
Excel.

b. Using the p-value approach and the null hypothesis in a, what can you say about the
variances?

Note: the p-value in the excel sheet is represented by “P(F<=f) one-tail”.

_____________________________________________________________________________

c. Take note of the obtained means, t-value, and p-value. Determine if we have to reject or
failed to reject the null hypothesis stated in Item 1 using the results below.

Figure 2. This figure shows the computed p-value using t-Test: Two-Sample Assuming Equal
Variances in MS Excel.

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5. Make a statistical decision. (6 items × 3 points)

Complete the table below for the proper presentation of results.

Indicator Style of the Mean µ t-value p-value Decision Remarks

Text (t stat) (P(T<=t) two-
tail)
Scores Visual
Textual

6. Draw a conclusion. (1 item × 4 points)

Draw a conclusion based on the statistical decision.

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