INTRODUCTION TO ALGORITHMS AND PROGRAMMING

LOOPS AND ITERATION

By: Eng. Nariman M Ajeilo
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REVIEW
▸ Conditional statements:

▸ The modulus operator is %

▸ We can find the size of a variable using sizeof(datatype). For example sizeof(char),
sizeof(int)
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REVIEW

▸ Write C++ program to display the largest number among three numbers

THE LOGICAL AND OPERATOR IS &&

THE LOGICAL OR OPERATOR IS ||
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REVIEW
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WHAT IS A LOOP?
▸ It is a conditional iterative statement which is used to check for certain
conditions and then repeatedly execute a block of code as long as those
conditions are met
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START
LOOPS AND FLOW CHARTS
SHUT DOWN WATER TAP
OPEN WATER TAP

DRY YOUR HANDS

PUT SOAP ON HANDS

END
CLEAN HANDS WITH WATER

YES ARE NO
HANDS
CLEAN?
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ITERATIONS

▸ There are 3 possible ways to iterate:

For loops

While loops

Do-while loops
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FOR LOOPS

▸ Used when the number of iterations is known

▸ Uses a counter, normally known as index (i)

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WHILE LOOPS

▸ Used when the number of iterations isn’t know, but the condition is clear
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DO-WHILE LOOPS

▸ Do-while loops are variant of while loops

▸ This loop will execute the code block once, before checking if the condition is
true, then it will repeat the loop as long as the condition is true.
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WHY TO USE LOOPS?

▸ Write a c++ program that prints “Hello world!” five times on the screen
Without for loop With for loop
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EXAMPLE 1 (FOR LOOP)

▸ Write a C++ program that prints numbers between 1 and 20

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EXAMPLE 1 (FOR LOOP)

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EXAMPLE 2 (FOR LOOP)

▸ Write a C++ program that prints numbers between two numbers chosen by the
user
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EXAMPLE 2 (FOR LOOP)

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EXAMPLE 3 (FOR LOOP)

▸ Write a C++ program that sums up the numbers between two numbers chosen
by the user and then find the average of those number.
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EXAMPLE 3 (FOR LOOP)

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EXAMPLE 4 (FOR LOOP)

▸ Write a C++ program that prints even numbers from 0 to 100

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EXAMPLE 4 (FOR LOOP)

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EXAMPLE 5 (WHILE LOOP)

▸ Write a C++ program that prints “Hello” ten times using while loop
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EXAMPLE 5 (WHILE LOOP)

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EXAMPLE 6 (WHILE LOOP)

▸ Write a C++ program that reverse a number (example: 4392 => 2934)
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EXAMPLE 6 (WHILE LOOP)

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EXAMPLE 7 (DO-WHILE LOOP)

▸ Write a C++ program to display numbers from 1 to 5 using do-while loop

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EXAMPLE 7