1.

Find the atomic percentages of the elements in an alloy of 40%

nickel and 60% copper by weight.
An alloy consists of 40% nickel and 60% copper by weight. Calculate
the atomic percentages of the elements.
Atomic weight of nickel = 58.69 g/mol, Atomic weight of copper = 63.54 g/mol

Answer
40 𝑔 60 𝑔
Ni: 58.69 𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 = 0.68 mol Cu: 63.54𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 = 0.94 mol

Totalmol = Nimol + Cumol = 0.68 + 0.94 = 1.62 mol

0.68
Ni atom % = 1.62 * 100 = 41.9753 % Ni atoms
0.94
Cu atom % = 1.62 * 100 = 58.0246 % Ni atoms

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2. One mole of solid MgO occupies a cube 22.37 mm on a side.
Calculate the density of MgO (in g/cm3). Atomic mass of Mg: 24.31 g, Atomic mass of
O: 16.00 g

Answer

2
3. Calculate the volume of an FCC unit cell in terms of the atomic radius
R. Answer

3
4. Calculate the atomic packing factor (APF) for the FCC.
Answer

4
5. Copper has an atomic radius of 0.128 nm, an FCC crystal structure,
and an atomic weight of 63.5 g/mol. Compute its theoretical density.

Answer

5
6. Determine the Miller indices for the plane shown
in the accompanying sketch.
Answer

6
7. Calculate the planar density of atoms in the (111) plane of BCC
tungsten. rw = 0.137 nm
Answer

7
8. The rate at which a metal alloy oxidizes in an oxygen- containing atmosphere is a typical
example of the practical utility of the Arrhenius equation. For example, the rate of oxidation
of a magnesium alloy is represented by a rate constant, k. The value of k at 300°C is 1.05 *
10-8kg/(m4s). At 400°C, the value of k rises to 2.95 * 10-4kg/(m4 s). Calculate the activation
energy, Q, for this oxidation process (in units of kJ/mol).
Answer

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9. A plate of iron is exposed to a carburizing (carbon-rich) atmosphere on one side and a
decarburizing (carbon-deficient) atmosphere on the other side at 700 ℃. If a condition of
steady state is achieved, calculate the diffusion flux of carbon through the plate if the
concentrations of carbon at positions of 5 and 10 mm (510-3 and 10-2 m) beneath the
carburizing surface are 1.2 and 0.8 kg/m3, respectively. Assume a diffusion coefficient of 3 
10-11 m2/s at this temperature.

Answer

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10. A tensile stress is to be applied along the long axis of a cylindrical brass rod
that has a diameter of 10 mm. Determine the magnitude of the load required to
produce a 2.5  10-3 mm change in diameter if the deformation is entirely
elastic. ѵbrass = 0.34, Ebrass = 97 GPa
Answer

10
11. A cylindrical specimen of a brass alloy 10.0 mm in diameter and
120.0 mm long is pulled in tension with a force of 11,750 N.

(a)Compute the stretched length of the specimen. The tensile stress–

strain behavior for this alloy is shown in below.
(b)Compute the final specimen length when the load is increased to
19,635 N and then released.

11
250

Yield Strength
150 = 240 MPa

0.0018 0.0025

12
(a):
𝐹 11750 𝑁
𝜎= = = 149.6 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝐴 (𝜋(5𝑚𝑚)2 )
Green lines show the strain at that stress value is 0.0018
Δ𝐿
𝜀=
𝐿
Δ𝐿
0.0018 =
120 𝑚𝑚
Δ𝐿 = 0.216 𝑚𝑚
Note that specimen is stretched which means the load is still applied on material.
(b):
19635 𝑁
𝜎= = 250 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝜋 5𝑚𝑚 2
The material is yielded by exceeding the yield strength (240 MPa), the specimen is plastically deformed.
Since the load is released, the elastic recovery occurs. Red lines show the strain values for this case. 𝜀 = 0.0025.
ΔL=0.0025×120 mm = 0.3 mm, Lfinal=120+0.3=120.3 mm
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12. For a brass alloy, the stress at which plastic deformation begins
is 345 MPa, and the modulus of elasticity is 103 GPa. (30 p)
(a) What is the maximum load that can be applied to a specimen with a
cross-sectional area of 130 mm2 without plastic deformation?
(b) If the original specimen length is 76 mm, what is the maximum
length to which it can be stretched without causing plastic deformation?
(a): (b):
𝐹
𝜎= 𝜎𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑 = 𝐸𝜀𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑
𝐴
𝐹 345 𝑀𝑃𝑎
345 𝑀𝑃𝑎 = 𝜀𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑 = = 0.0033
130 𝑚𝑚2 103 𝐺𝑃𝑎
𝐹 = 44850 𝑁
Δ𝐿
𝜀=
𝐿
Δ𝐿 = 0.0033 × 76 𝑚𝑚 = 0.2546 𝑚𝑚
𝐿𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 = 𝐿0 + Δ𝐿 = 76 + 0.2546 = 76.2546 𝑚𝑚
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13. An aircraft component is fabricated from an aluminum alloy that has a plane-strain
fracture toughness of 40 MPa 𝑚 It has been determined that fracture results at a stress of
300 MPa when the maximum (or critical) internal crack length is 4.0 mm. For this same
component and alloy, will fracture occur at a stress level of 260 MPa when the maximum
internal crack length is 6.0 mm? Why or why not?

𝐾 = 𝑌𝜎 𝜋𝑎
40 = 𝑌(300) 𝜋(0.002) (half of the internal crack length is taken into account)
𝑌 = 1.68
𝐾𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑙 = 1.68 260 𝜋 0.003 = 42.4 𝑀𝑃𝑎 𝑚
𝐾𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑙 > 𝐾𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙
Fracture occurs.
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14. A structural component in the form of a wide plate is to be fabricated from a steel
alloy that has a plane-strain fracture toughness of 98.9 MPa 𝑚 and a yield strength of
1460 MPa. The flaw size resolution limit of the flaw detection apparatus is 3.0 mm If the
design stress is 60% the yield strength and the value of Y is 1.0, determine whether a
critical flaw for this plate is subject to detection.

𝐾 = 𝑌𝜎 𝜋𝑎
98.9 = (1.0)(0.6)(1460) 𝜋𝑎𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙
𝑎𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 = 4.1 𝑚𝑚
𝐶𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑘 𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒 = 2 𝑎𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 = 8.2 𝑚𝑚 (𝑑𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒)

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