Scout Handbook For Girls v4

Chiang Kai Shek College
Scout Center
Scout Handbook
(for Girl Scouts)
Prepared and Edited By:

ANN WILLAINE G. TAN
Shannon Christa Z. Uy
KErvin Clyde C. Go
First Edition, 2007

Second Edition, 2008
Third Edition, 2010
Fourth Edition, 2013
NAME: ____________________________
UNIT: _________
2 Scout Handbook for Girl Scouts
Foreword

This Scout Handbook is published to help and guide all Scouts in the
different scout skills required in the advancement system by covering the
topics included in the Junior and Senior Girl Scouting Advancement Rank
Testcards. However, it does not cover all of the information needed in the
advancement scheme. Only the theoretical part and the most important points
of the topics covered are discussed here.
It is recommended to all Scouts not to memorize the topics completely

or to rely solely on this handbook in taking their advancement. It is advisable
to read, understand, and analyze the subject. Further research on their own
is likewise encouraged to learn as much as they can on the subject matter.
Do note that the contents of this handbook may not remain valid over
time, depending on new rulings or resolutions passed by the appropriate
governing bodies as well as new discoveries and developments on certain
skills.
Table of Contents
Character Badge pp. 3 - 9
Handcraft Badge pp. 9 - 20
Outdoors Badge pp. 20 - 32

Savers Badge pp. 32 - 51
Scout Handbook for Girl Scouts 3
Character Badge
Scout Ideals
THE GIRL SCOUT PROMISE
On my honor,
I will do my duty,
To God and my country,
To help other people at all times,
And to live by the Girl Scout Law.
ANG PANGAKO NG GIRL SCOUT

Sa aking karangalan gagampanan ko ang aking tungkulin,
Sa Diyos at sa aking bayan,
Tutulungan ko ang aking kapwa sa lahat ng pagkakataon,
At isasabuhay ko ang Batas ng Girl Scout.
THE GIRL SCOUT LAW

A Girl Scout’s honor is to be trusted.
A Girl Scout is loyal.
A Girl Scout is helpful.
A Girl Scout is a friend to all and a sister to every other Girl Scout.
A Girl Scout is courteous.
A Girl Scout respects living things.
A Girl Scout is disciplined.
A Girl Scout is self-reliant.
A Girl Scout is thrifty.
A Girl Scout is clean in thought, word and deed.
ANG BATAS NG GIRL SCOUT

Ang Girl Scout ay mapagkakatiwalaan.
Ang Girl Scout ay matapat.
Ang Girl Scout ay matulungin.
Ang Girl Scout ay kaibigan ng lahat at kapatid ng bawat Girl Scout.
Ang Girl Scout ay mapitagan.
Ang Girl Scout ay magalang sa lahat ng may buhay.
Ang Girl Scout ay disiplinado.
Ang Girl Scout ay may sariling paninindigan.
Ang Girl Scout ay matipid.
Ang Girl Scout ay malinis sa isip, sa salita at sa gawa.
SCOUT MOTTO
“Laging Handa” or “Be Prepared”
SCOUT SLOGAN
“Do a Good Turn Daily”
SCOUT SPIRIT
The SCOUT SPIRIT is living everyday according to the Scout Promise and Law.
SCOUT SIGN AND SCOUT SALUTE

The Girl Scout Sign and the Girl Scout Salute are both made by
raising the right hand while joining the pinky finger with the thumb. This
sign stands for the three parts of the Promise.
Uses of the Scout Sign:

1. Used while reciting the Girl Scout Promise and Law and the Pledge
of Allegiance
2. Used when you are welcomed into Girl Scouting at an investiture or
rededication ceremony
3. Used when receiving a patch or badge
4. Used when greeting other Girl Scouts
5. Used as a sign to keep quiet or silent
Meaning of the Scout Sign:

1. The three fingers pointing upward represent the 3 Duties of a Scout: duty to God and
country (middle finger), duty to others (ring or rightmost finger), and duty to self (first or
leftmost finger).
2. The thumb and the little finger, separately, represent the 2 Objectives of Scouting:
Character Building and Citizenship Training.
3. The thumb and the little finger, joined together, represents World Brotherhood and
Sisterhood.
SCOUT HANDSHAKE
The Scout Handshake is used to recognize and greet fellow Scouts.
It is done with the Left Hand. When our founder, Baden Powell, entered the
capital city of the Ashanti people in 1890, he was met by one of the chiefs
who came to him holding out his left hand. BP held out his right hand in
return but the Chief said, “No. In my country, the bravest of the brave shake
with the left hand.” The Chief transferred his shield, which he carried with
his left hand, to his right, which held his spear, and offered his left hand as
a sign of friendship. The Chief told BP that by offering his left hand, which was traditionally
used to hold a shield, he was expressing his trust to his enemy or friend for without the
shield for protection, he was open to attack. So began the “left handshake” of the worldwide
brotherhood of Scouts. Another reason the handshake is done with the left hand is because
the apex of the heart points to the left.
SCOUT BADGE
- The color green depicts youth.
- The three loops forming the trefoil symbolize the three parts of the Girl
Scout Promise: God, country, and mankind.
- The circle stands for the sisterhood of Girl Guiding and Girl Scouting
around the world.
- The stars represent Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao.
- The stalk serves as a reminder of the strong foundation that supports the
organization in its character-formation and values-education initiatives.
SCOUT UNIFORM
The Girl Scout official dress uniform is jade
green with prints of tiny trefoil all over. It is worn with
a belt of the same material and a yellow gold scarf for
junior scouts; or a black nylon belt with trefoil buckle and
a tangerine scarf for senior scouts. On the right sleeve,
one inch below the shoulder, is the GSP strip; on the left
sleeve, also an inch below the shoulder, is the council
strip, with the Chiang Kai Shek College strip placed an
inch below it. Black shoes are put on with white socks.
These are the pins on a pin holder which you put on
your left chest:
The World Pin

- The golden Trefoil on a bright blue background
represents the sun shining over all the children
of the world.
- The three trefoil leaves represent the three-fold
promise: “To serve God and my country, to help
people at all times, and to live by the Girl Scout
Law.” , as originally laid down by the Founder.
- The base of the stalk represents the flame of
the love of humanity.
- The vein pointing upwards through the center of the Trefoil repre-
sents the compass needle pointing the way.
- The two stars represent the Promise and Law.
- The flowing border shows that the Girl Scouting is a worldwide
and growing Movement.
The Junior /Senior Pin

This pin is used to recognize Junior from Senior Scouts.
The GSP Investiture Pin

This is the pin which a member receives in a ceremony as she is accepted into the
Girl Scouts of the Philippines. The letters “G”, “S”, and “P”, that are set in the outline of a
trefoil, signifies the three parts of the Girl Scout Promise.
IT IS BETTER NOT TO BE IN UNIFORM THAN TO WEAR ONE THAT WILL

ONLY DEGRADE THE WEARER AND THE ORGANIZATION.
TYPE-A – complete Scout Uniform from head to foot, and worn with black leather
shoes and white socks
TYPE-C – Civilian Uniform
TYPE-M – CKSC Scout T-shirt with neckerchief, maong pants, and rubber shoes
Scout Neckerchief / Scarf
The Neckerchief is one part of the Scout Uniform that is used all over the world.
Uses of the Neckerchief:
1. Bandage or tourniquet for emergency first aid purposes
2. Protection of the head from the heat of the sun
3. Muffler or protection of the neck from the coldness of the night
4. Improvised signaling flags
5. Temporary binder, bag, or wrapper
6. Temporary rope by using a series of neckerchiefs
7. Recognition that you are a Scout
SCOUT DAY
THE WORLD THINKING DAY
The Thinking Day symbol was introduced in 1975. The World Trefoil
in the centre represents the World Association, whilst the arrows pointing
towards it represent action and direction. The circular design represents the
World of the Girl Guide/Girl Scout Movement.
World Thinking Day is held on the 22th of February each year, the date
of the birthdays of both the founder Lord Baden-Powell and his wife, Olave.
On this day, members of the 144 countries think of the members in other coun-
tries throughout the world as they take part in activities to learn more about world Guiding.
Scout Citizenship
PANUNUMPA NG KATAPATAN SA WATAWAT NG PILIPINAS
Ako ay Pilipino, buong katapatang nanunumpa sa watawat ng Pilipinas, at sa bansang
kanyang sinasagisag, na may dangal, katarungan at kalayaan, na pinakikilos ng samba-
yanang Maka-Diyos, Maka-tao, Makakalikasan at Makabansa
Scout Center Traditions
SCOUT CENTER HISTORY
The first Boy Scout troop of Chiang Kai Shek College was organized in 1950, eleven
years after the founding of Chiang Kai Shek High School (1939). This was made possible
through the collaboration of three Scoutmasters, the late Scouters Go Chong Bok and Tam
Kim Po, and the former College Vice President, Professor Lim Giok Khun. The Scout
unit, Troop 3810, was chartered under the Philippines Council, Boy Scouts of China. After
the promulgation of Presidential Decree 176 by President Ferdinand E. Marcos in June
1973, the Chiang Kai Shek College Scout Center formalized its registration status with the
Boy Scouts of the Philippines.
Over the years, the movement has grown not only in membership, but also in the
variety of activities it offers its members. It has become one of the pioneering schools known
not only for academic and sports excellence, but also for being an outstanding institution
in the Scouting community. From a fledgling Scout unit with less than twenty members in
1950, today, the CKSC Scouting family is proud to have an elite membership of nearly 300
young boys and girls in its roster. It has members in different Scouting sections catering
to youth of all ages – KID, KAB, Boy, and Senior Scouting for boys; Twinkler, Star, Junior,
Senior, and Cadet Scouting for girls; and Rover Scouting for young men and women.
Students from other Filipino-Chinese schools have have also joined the CKSC scout
troops. Under the leadership of College President and concurrent Institutional Head, Dr. Dory
Poa, and with the collective effort and dedication brought forth by its youthful Scout lead-
ers, the Chiang Kai Shek College Scout Center has become one of the premiere Scouting
institutions not only in the Filipino-Chinese community, but also all over the country. Attesting
to this is the fact that many Scouting coordinators and Scout leaders handling troops in dif-
ferent Filipino-Chinese schools trace their roots in Scouting from Chiang Kai Shek College.
To date, the Scout Center has had a total of six Scouting Coordinators, each of
whom had made their own outstanding contribution to the development of the Scout Center.
The following Scouting Coordinators are written in chronological order: Go Chong Bok, Lim
Giok Khun, Antonio Burtizon, Marcos Tan, George Riosa, and currently Judelio L. Yap.
SCOUT CENTER VISION
The Chiang Kai Shek College Scout Center envisions itself as the best educational
organization in Scouting that produces Scouts with a strong sense of responsibility and
service guided by the virtues of the Scout Oath and Law.
SCOUT CENTER MISSION
The Chiang Kai Shek College Scout Center is committed to its mission
• To provide Scouts with a safe, nurturing, and fun environment that enables
learning by doing.
• To enable Scouts with basic life skills that build character and citizenship to his/
her surroundings.
• To nurture the value of self-advancement in order to exhibit the Scouting out-
come of “Be Prepared”.
SCOUT CENTER CORE VALUES
All scouts of Chiang Kai Shek College are expected to exhibit and practice the fol-
lowing value:
Advancement
Service
Camaraderie
SCOUT CENTER IDENTITY

The Scouts of Chiang Kai Shek College live a life guided by the Scout Oath/Promise
and Law. In addition, their actions are geared towards reflecting the theme of the group,
which is “CKSC Scouting... the best there is, the best there was, and the best there
ever will be!”
SCOUT CENTER OBJECTIVES
Officers and members of the Chiang Kai Shek College Scout Center are expected to
1. Participate in activities that promote responsible citizenship and leadership.
2. Organize activities that promote the moral and spiritual upliftment of the com-
munity.
3. Organize activities that promote desirable Filipino customs and traditions.
4. Practice desirable social, cultural, moral and spiritual values.
5. Render service during school and community activities as well as during emer-
gencies.
6. Make wise choices and good decisions, and accept responsibility for them.
7. Show love and respect for his family and persons of authority in the community.
8. Participate in various activities to promote internalization of values.

9. Engage in hobbies and practical skills that lead to profitable sources of livelihood.
10. Join outdoor activities that develop physical fitness, skills for self-reliance, and
resourcefulness.
11. Communicate with other Scouts to promote world brotherhood.
12. Undertake activities that foster brotherhood within the immediate group and
in  the community.
13. Join interesting and meaningful activities that satisfy his needs and nurture
his  capabilities for hiking, camping, and other Scouting activities.
14. Participate in nature conservation, environmental hygiene, preservation of the
natural resources of our country, and other community service projects. Show love for God
by loving and taking care of His creations.
15. Organize environmental development projects in cooperation with youth groups
and other agencies in the community.
The 8 Basic Knots
Overhand Knot
Also known as THUMB knot, it is a stopper knot for thick ropes tied at both
ends so as to prevent the ends from unraveling. When widened, it can be used
for lifting drums.
Square Knot
Also known as REEF Knot, UNIVERSAL Knot, and FIRST AID Knot,
it is used for joining two ropes of equal thickness. It is also the knot
used in tying a bandage or a tourniquet.
Sheet Bend
Also known as WEAVER’s Bend, this knot is used for joining two ropes
of unequal sizes.
Timber Hitch
Also known as LOG Hitch, this knot is used for lifting, dragging, or
moving logs or similar objects. It is also used with a heavy stone as
an improvised anchor. This knot is used to start a Diagonal Lashing.
Two Half Hitch
It is used to secure one end of a rope to a post or a tree and is
easily adjustable. It is also used to tie a clothesline.
Bowline Knot
Also known as RESCUE Knot, it is the basic rescuing knot. It can be tied
around your waist or be used to pull up a person from a cliff, well, etc.
Sheepshank
Used to shorten and strenghten a rope without cutting it. It
is easy to untie.
Clove Hitch
Also known as RATLINE Hitch, it is used to secure one end of
a rope to a post or a tree. This is also the first and last knot in
Square Lashing.
Advance Knots
Figure of 8 Knot
It is a stopper knot for thinner ropes or strings. It is also tied at both ends of
a rope to prevent the ends from unraveling.
Dogshank
It is also used to shorten a rope without cutting but it prevents
a Sheepshank from slipping.
Handcraft Badge
Challenge Badges
A. Challenge of Economic Self Sufficiency (choose 3 badges)
I. MONEY MANAGEMENT BADGE (do all)
1. Find how much money you have in a week. How much you spend every
day? How much came from your allowance? What did you spend the money
for? How much did you spend? How much did you save?
2. Use some of your pocket money or money you saved to open a
savings account, postal savings bank or any other bank.
II. PLANT PROPAGATION (do all)
• Learn various ways of propagating plants
• Start planting herbal or ornamental plants and show it to your
troop/patrol.
III. HANDICRAFTS BADGE
Learn at least two of the following and demonstrate your skills
• Basket weaving • Silk screening
• Fan making • Lantern making
• Pot-holder making • Christmas decorations making
• Flower arrangement • Puppet making
• Gift wrapping and ribbon tying • Baking cakes, cookies, etc.
• Candle making • Making sandwiches
IV. COOKERY BADGE (do all)
1. Collect different Asian or local recipes. Try to cook them.
2. Learn different types of cookery (boiling, broiling, roasting, sautéing,
baking, frying, steaming, etc.)
3. Make and then sell any of the following:
• Candy, cakes, cookies, desserts (leche flan, gelatin)
• Salted peanuts (fried, boiled, roasted)
• Ice-candy, popsicles
• Banana chips, bananacue
V. NEEDLEWORK BADGE (do any of the activities)

1. Learn to crochet or knit any of the following
• Pillow case
• Baby’s booties
• Bonnet
• Table cloth
• Head band
• Cell phone case
2. Design or embroider handkerchiefs, table napkins, towels, etc.
B. Challenge of the Arts (choose 2 badges)
I. TERPSICHOREAN BADGE (do all)
1. Play at least four (4) tunes on an instrument.
2. Demonstrate and teach singing games and dances to your troop.
3. List down at least 10 of your favorite songs.
II. HANDICRAFT BADGE (do at least 1)
1.Teach/ demonstrate to a patrol of junior girl scouts classic embroidery,
patchwork, simple beadwork or cross stitching.
2. Learn to use and care for sewing machine.
III. VISUAL ARTS BADGE
Paint/ draw a picture illustrating the Girl Scout Promise.
IV. LITERARY ARTS BADGE ( do at least 2)

1. Write any two of the following: poem, essay, short story, verse, auto bibliog-
raphy, etc.
2. Write a short play and perform it during your troop meeting or at a campfire.
3. Submit features/ news article for publication in your school or
council newsletter/ publication.
V. PERFORMING ARTS BADGE (do all)
1. During your troop meeting perform a skit or a dramatic presentation
of the Girl Scout Promise and Law.
2. Perform an intermission number at your investiture or court of honor
ceremonies.
History of Scouting
BADEN POWELL STORY
Sir Lord Lt.-Gen. Robert Stephenson Smyth Baden Powell is
the founder of the Scouting Movement, the largest youth organization
in the world. He was born on February 22, 1857 at 6 Stanhope Street
(now 11 Stanhope Terrace) Paddington, London, near London’s Hyde
Park. This day was also the 125th birth anniversary of George Wash-
ington. He belonged to a family of ten children of whom six were boys,
one was a girl, and the remaining three died during infancy (Warrington, George, Agustin,
Francis, Robert, Baden and Agnes). His father was Reverend Holy Grace Baden Powell,
a clergyman, an astronomer, and a Savillian Professor of Geometry at Oxford University
while his mother was Henrietta Grace Smyth. His father died in 1860 when BP was just 3
years old. He was usually called BP or Baden Powell. During his youth, he was often called
Stephe or Ste. His name Stephenson was derived from his godfather, the son of George
Stephenson, the railway pioneer. His great great grandfather was Captain John Smyth, one
of the colonizers of Virginia in the United States, and his grandfather was Admiral William
Smyth.
BP learned his first lessons from his mother and later studied at Rose Hill Prepara-
tory School, Turnbridge Wells, Kent where he gained a scholarship for him to be admitted
at the Charterhouse School in London, headed by Dr. William Haig Brown. He was 13 years
old at that time and was a chaplain scholar. This was where he began to exploit his interest
in boating, canoeing, hiking, trumping, woodcraft and other scoutcrafts. He graduated from
Charterhouse when he was 19 years old. After which, he took an examination at the military
in England. To the surprise of many, BP ranked second out of the 763 applicants and he was
immediately sent to Bombay, India in September 1876. At the age of 19, he was promoted
to Sub.-Lt. and to Captain at the age of 26. He became a Colonel in 1899.
Baden Powell first noticed the left handshake among the local inhabitants of Ashanti,
West Africa. One of the most remarkable wars led by BP was in South Africa where three
tribes namely Zulu, Ateista, and Makabili were at war. In just 217 days, he was able to defend
Mafeking with 2000 soldiers against 9000 enemies. The reason for his success was that
he used the sons of his soldiers as messengers and their wives and mothers as nurses.
He also earned the name IMPESA which means the “wolf that never sleeps” because BP
made the camp looked like they never slept at night. Another strategic plan he used was
the painting of a butterfly whose spots signify the enemy camps.
Baden Powell was knighted by Queen Victoria at Gilwell Park and later became
the national hero of London. BP wrote no less than 32 books. His famous books were Aids
to Scouting (1899) and Scouting for Boys (1906). The latter was requested by Queen
Elizabeth and was dedicated to Sir William Smith, the founder of the Boy’s Brigade (an or-
ganization that emphasized discipline, exercise, games, health, manliness, and reverence).
BP then started to organize the Scouting Movement. He conducted the first experi-
mental camp in Brownsea Island, Poole Harbour, Dorset, England, which was owned by
Charles Van Raalt, a friend of BP. The camp was held on July 31 to August 9, 1907 and was
participated by twenty scouts who were divided into four Patrols – Bulls, Curlews, Ravens,
and Wolves.
In 1912, at the age of 54, BP married Olave St. Claire Soames who was just 22
years old then. They had three children namely Peter, Heather, and Betty. Olave Soames,
together with BP’s sister, Agnes, founded the Girl Scouts and Girl Guides. She was declared
as the World Chief Guide.
The first International Scout Jamboree, which was participated by 8000 scouts com-
ing from 34 countries, was held in 1920 in Olympia, London. It was also in this Jamboree in
which BP was acclaimed as the Chief Scout of the World. The last camp he attended was
in Vogelenzang, Holland.
Baden Powell’s health started to deteriorate when he was 80 years old. He died on
January 8, 1941 at the age of 83, only a month before turning 84. He was buried in a simple
grave in Nyeri within sight of Mount Kenya. He was later proclaimed as the Chief Scout of
the World for both the Boy Scouts and the Girl Guide Movement.
Baden Powell came to the Philippines in 1912 on board SS Ortega. He also had a
horse named Patience.
THE CHIEF’S LAST MESSAGE
Dear Scouts:
If you have ever seen the play ‘Peter Pan’ you will remember how the pirate chief
was always making his dying speech because he was afraid that possible, when the time
came for him to die, he might not have time to get it off his chest. It is much the same with
me, and so, although I am not at this moment dying, I shall be doing so one of these days
and I want to send you a parting word of goodbye.
Remember, it is the last time you will ever hear from me, so think it over. I have
had a most happy life and I want each one of you to have a happy life too.
I believe that God put us in this jolly world to be happy and enjoy life. Happiness
does not come from being rich, nor merely being successful in your career, nor by
self-indulgence. One step towards happiness is to make yourself healthy and strong while
you are a boy, so that you can be useful and so you can enjoy life when you are a man.
Nature study will show you how full of beautiful and wonderful things God has
made the world for you to enjoy. Be contented with what you have got and make the best
of it. Look on the bright side of things instead of the gloomy one.
But the real way to get happiness is by giving out happiness to other people. Try
and leave this world a little better than you found it and when your turn comes to die, you
can die happy in feeling that at any rate you have not wasted your time but have done your
best. ‘Be Prepared’ in this way, to live happy and to die happy - stick to your Scout Promise
always - even after you have ceased to be a boy - and God help you to do it.
Your friend,
Girl Scouting History

The Founder of the Boy Scout and Girl Guide/Girl Scout Movements was Robert
Baden-Powell, First Baron Baden-Powell of Gilwell, OM, known universally as B-P. The Boy
Scout Movement was officially founded in 1908.
In 1909, a Boy Scout rally was held at Crystal Palace in London, and Baden-Powell
was taken aback when a number of girls attended, proclaiming themselves to be Girl Scouts.
He decided that if they wanted to join in, they should have their own name and Movement,
and a programme suited to their needs. The result was ‘The Scheme for Girl Guides’, which
appeared in the November 1909 issue of the Boy Scout Headquarters’ Gazette. Baden-
Powell chose the name Girl Guides after the famous corps of guides in India who were
“distinguished for their general handiness and resourcefulness under difficulties, and their
keenness and courage...”
Baden-Powell felt that the Movement for girls should be run by women. So, in 1910,
he asked his elder sister Agnes to undertake the work of adapting his book “Scouting for
Boys”, for use with girls. That year was when the Guide Movement was formally founded,
together with the establishment of the Girl Guides Association (United Kingdom).
In 1910, Baden-Powell, now Sir Robert Baden-Powell, retired from his army career
and devoted himself to Scouting and to the beginning of Guiding. He attended camps, rallies
and jamborees all over the world, and it was during a world tour in 1912 that he met Olave
Soames, his future wife. After a brief courtship, the couple were engaged and married that
same year. Olave accompanied her husband on visits and tours, and soon became actively
involved in the Guide and Scout Movements.
In 1917, she began to organize The Girl Guide Movement in Sussex, United King-
dom, having been appointed UK Chief Commissioner the previous year. In 1918, her title, UK
Chief Commissioner, was changed to UK Chief Guide. Now that her dedication to Guiding
at home had been officially recognized, Olave’s formal commitment was about to take on
an international dimension.
This rapid growth was due to the efforts of many enthusiastic, resourceful and
forward-looking women who saw the Movement as a wonderful opportunity for the education
of girls. Juliette “daisy” Magill Kinzie Gordon Low founded Girl Scouting in the United States
of America in 1912. Her vision of worldwide Girl Guiding/Girl Scouting made a powerful
contribution to its development.
In the United States of America, the term ‘Guide’ was unacceptable, as it already
had a widely-accepted application to Indian hunters. The first groups were therefore called
Girl Scouts, and several other countries adopted the same name.
Hundreds of women, like Juliette Low, involved themselves in the Movement and
worked closely with the Founder to adapt it to local conditions and cultures. Mrs. Alapeus-
Lindholm in Finland, Olga Malkowska in Poland, Mme Duhamel in France, and Evelyn
Boutthier in Mexico are just some of the many women who created the Movement, which
derives strength from its diversity today.
Philippine Girl Scouting History
In 1917, there were troops organized by American Army and Navy families in various
parts of the Philippines. These were registered directly with the Girl Scouts of America. The
organization of these troops led to more lone troops such as the Rose Troop in Davao in
1918, in Capiz in 1926, and the Mt. Province in 1928. Several of these troops were organized
by missionaries.
The Movement was formally founded by Josefa Llanes Escoda, wartime heroine,
through the initiative of the Boy Scouts of the Philippines who sent her to the United States
of America in 1939 to take up Girl Scouting courses. She also observed Guiding in Europe
and visited the World Bureau in England.
On May 26, 1940, the Girl Scouts of the Philippines (GSP) was chartered under
Commonwealth Act No. 542 during the administration of President Manuel L. Quezon.
In 1946, the GSP was admitted as a tenderfoot member of the World Association
of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts (WAGGGS). It was given the status of full membership in
1948.
The GSP has the distinction and privilege of hosting various international gatherings.
Among which were the Regional Centenary World Camp in 1957, the Asian Trainers
Conference in 1961, the International Heritage Camp in 1966, the WAGGGS–sponsored
Public Relations – Finance Seminar in 1971 which was participated in by 13 nations, and the
31st World Conference of WAGGGS in 2002. In turn, the GSP has also been represented
at all World Conferences of the World Association, various world training conferences,
international camps and girl-level gatherings, among others.
In 1965, to celebrate the Silver Jubilee of the Movement in the country, special
events and service projects were calendared year round. The World Chief Guide, Lady Olave
Baden Powell, took the salute of more than five thousand Girl Scouts at the “Pasasalamat”
held at the Luneta Park, a fitting close to the year-long celebration.
The GSP was given the “Walter Donald Ross Trophy Award” in 1965 for the
outstanding service project rendered to the children of evacuees who were victims of the
eruption of Taal Volcano.
On June 2, 1975, Presidential Decree 720 was signed, authorizing the restructuring
of the GSP.
On March 17, 1976, the new GSP Constitution and By-Laws were ratified and
confirmed.
In 1990, GSP celebrated its 50th year. Girl Scouts all over the country centered their
activities, services, and projects on the Golden Opportunities along six concerns, namely:
Environment, Economic Self-Sufficiency, Family Life, Our Heritage, Preparedness and
International Understanding.
In the same year, a Task Force, composed of experienced Girl Scouts, trainers,
leaders, professional staff and consultants started to work on a new program called the
8-POINT CHALLENGE (8-PC) which helps the Filipino girls and young women cope with
the fast changes that surround them in this age of technology. While the basic cherished
values contained in the Promise and Law make the foundation of this 8-Point Challenge,
activities in the new program will equip the Girl Scouts with the knowledge and skills they
need to make them the person that makes a difference in their home, country and the world
community.
Through the years, the GSP continues to pursue vigorously its character building
and youth development programs and is actively contributing to the economic thrust of the
country as part of the Movement’s commitment to nation-building.
Josefa Llanes Escoda Story
JOSEFA LLANES-ESCODA was born on the 20th of September, year
1898, in Dingras, Ilocos Norte. She was the eldest of the seven children
of Mercedes Madamba and Gabriel Llanes.
She graduated valedictorian from Dingras Elementary School and
salutatorian from Laoag Provincial High School. She obtained a teaching
degree from Philippine Normal College where she graduated with honors
in 1919. While teaching, she earned her high school teacher’s certificate
from the University of the Philippines in 1922. After this, she went to the
USA and studied social work. She finished with a masteral degree in
Sociology from Columbia University.
During her first trip to the USA, she met Antonio Escoda, a reporter
from the Philippine Press Bureau. After their return to Manila, they got married and were
blessed with two children, Maria Teresa and Antonio Jr.
In 1939, her second trip to the USA, just before the outbreak of World War II, she
underwent an intensified training in Girl Scouting sponsored by the Boy Scouts of the
Philippines. When she came back in 1940, she began to train young women from among
teachers of public and private schools to become Girl Scout leaders and then proceeded
to organize Girl Scout troops.
On May 26, 1940, President Manuel L. Quezon signed the charter of the Girl Scouts of
the Philippines (Commonwealth Act. No. 542), giving the Movement the recognition of its role
in leadership training of girls and women. Josefa then became the first National Executive of
GSP. She served in this capacity until she was captured by the Japanese occupation army.
During the Japanese occupation of the Philippines, she and her husband helped the
Filipino and the American prisoners in several concentration camps. On August 27, 1944,
she was arrested and imprisoned in Fort Santiago where she and Antonio were reported to
have been interrogated and executed.
Every September 20, the Girl Scouts of the Philippines pays homage to Josefa
Llanes Escoda by celebrating her birth anniversary with activities that would create further
awareness of her martyrdom and contribution to youth development.
Scout Citizenship
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL ANTHEM
Lupang Hinirang
(composer: Julian Felipe; Lyricist: Jose Palma)
Bayang magiliw, perlas ng silanganan, alab ng puso, sa dibdib mo’y buhay. Lupang hinirang,
duyan ka ng magiting, sa manlulupig, ‘di ka pasisiil. Sa dagat at bundok, sa simoy at sa langit
mong bughaw. May dilag ang tula at awit sa paglayang minamahal. Ang kislap ng watawat
mo’y tagumpay na nagniningning. Ang bituin at araw niya, kailan pa ma’y ‘di magdidilim.
Lupa ng araw, ng luwalhati’t pagsinta, buhay ay langit sa piling mo. Aming ligaya na ‘pag
may mang-aapi, ang mamatay nang dahil sa’yo.
PHILIPPINE FLAG
Ratio – 1:2
3 Stars – Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao
Golden Sun – Liberty, Freedom, Hope, and Righteousness
Equilateral Triangle – Equality and Fraternity
White Field – Peace and Purity
Blue Field – Noble Ideas and High Political Purposes
Red Field – Courage, Bravery, Heroism, and the blood of those who died for our country.
8 Rays of the Sun – Bulacan, Batangas, Cavite, Laguna, Manila, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga,
Tarlac (Code: BBCLMNPT)
* The red field is above the blue field when the state is at war.
MAKERS OF THE PHILIPPINE FLAG
Historians reveal that the sewing of the Philippine Flag started on May 12, 1898 at
the residence of Felipe and Marcella Agoncillo on 535 Morrison Hill Road in Hong Kong.
There was no fun fare or celebration when the work was begun. The three women (actually
two women and a 7-year old girl) who sewed the flag were self-exiles.
Doña Marcela Mariño de Agoncillo, her daughter Lorenza de Agoncillo and Mrs.
Delfina Herbosa de Natividad, a niece of Dr. Jose Rizal worked together on the flag for three
days. Upon his arrival in Hong Kong, General Emilio Aguinaldo has requested Marcela
Agoncillo to make the flag. The design was provided by the Philippine Committee in Hong
Kong.
The embroidery was done by hand. It took the women three days to complete the
work. When General Aguinaldo departed from Hong Kong, he brought the flag with him. He
sailed on the US transport Mc-Culloch which arrived in Cavite on May 19, 1898.
The flag was first raised on June 12, 1898 at half past four in the afternoon on the
balcony of the Aguinaldo House in Kawit, Cavite. Not only was it a recognition of the Filipino
Women’s ability when General Aguinaldo requested Marcela Agoncillo to work on the first
Philippine flag, it was also a fitting tribute to the Philippine women’s patriotism, loyalty and
commitment to the ideals of freedom and liberty.
(Source: A Woman’s Revolution, B. Rodriguez & J. Ayuste, Sunday Inquirer Magazine, May 17, 1988, Vol. 12,
No. 11)
EVOLUTION OF THE PHILIPPINE FLAG

1. The Flag of the Revolution (The Katipunan War Standard)
• The three Ks stood for Kataas-taasang Kagalang-galangang Kati-
punan ng mga Anak ng Bayan or “Most High and Most Sacred Society of the
People”.
• It was the first revolutionary flag of the Katipunan led by Andres
Bonifacio.
• The background color is red which signifies the Kundiman.
2. An early version of the Katipunan Flag

• It had 3 Ks arranged in an equilateral triangle.
3. Flag with only one “K” at the center

• All versions had a red background to denote the revolutionary
character of the Katipunan.
4. Bonifacio’s Flag (The Bonifacio War Standard)
• It was made by the female members of the Katipunan just before
the revolution. This flag was first used at the Cry of Pugad Lawin, which
took place on August 23, 1896. (1892-1896)
• Bonifacio used for his council “Magdiwang” a war standard in a piece of “Kundi-
man”.
5. Official Flag of the De Facto Government (The Revolutionary Flag)
• It was conceived after the Magdiwang and the Magdalo councils
merged. The 8 rays of the sun represented the first 8 provinces to fight
against the Spanish Rule. At the center of the sun was the ancient Filipino
alphabet K for “Kalayaan”.
6. First Official Revision (The Sun of Liberty)
• The flag was revised and also declared as the official flag of the
Philippine Government and its forces in the Naic, Cavite Assembly on
March 17, 1897.
7. Llanera’s Flag (The Llanera’s Skull Flag)
• This flag used by Gen. Mariano Llanera in San Isidro, Nueva
Ecija was often called “Bungo ni Llanera” (Llanera’s Skull). According to
stories, Llanera derived his design from the Katipunan initiation rites, which
used a black hat, white triangle, and the letters, Z, L, I, B.
8. Pio del Pilar’s Flag (The Magtagumpay War Standard)
• Called Bandila ng Magtagumpay (Victorious Flag), Pio del Pilar’s
flag carried 8 rays in the rising sun to symbolize the first 8 provinces that
were put under martial law by the Spanish authorities.
9. Gregorio del Pilar’s Flag (Gen. Gregorio del Pilar’s Tricolor)
• This was the first among the Katipunan flags to use 3 colors:
red (upper field), blue (equilateral triangle), and black. The tricolor flag of
del Pilar was used in the Battle of Pasong Balite, Bulacan and his last
stand, Battle of Tirad Pass, Ilocos Sur on December 2, 1899. According to del Pilar, the
design was patterned after the flag of Cuba, which was then in revolt against Spain.
10. The Present Flag (The Philippine National Flag)
• The present national flag has adopted the features of
all the previous Katipunan Flags. It was waved in the balcony of
Gen. Aguinaldo six weeks after the Battle of Manila Bay. To set
the standard size and colors, then Pres. Manuel L. Quezon issued
Executive Order No. 23 on March 25, 1936.
Troop and Patrol Organization

Sponsoring Institution Girl Scouts of the Philippines
Scouting Sections:
Twinklers: 4-6 years old
Institutional Head
Stars: 6-9 years old
Juniors: 10-12 years old
Institutional Scouting Committee Seniors: 13-16 years old
Cadets: 16 years old and up
Institutional Scouting Coordinator
Twinkler Scout Troops Star Scout Troops
Junior Girl Scout Troops Senior Girl Scout Troops Cadet Scout Troops
Troop Leader (TL)
Assistant Troop Leader (ATL)
Junior Assistant Scoutmaster (JASM)
Senior Patrol Leader (SPL)
Assistant Senior Patrol Leader (ASPL)

(Troop Scribe, Troop Quartermaster, Troop Treasurer)
Patrol 1 Patrol 2 Patrol 3 Patrol 4
Patrol Leader (PL)

Assistant Patrol Leader (APL)
Patrol Secretary
Patrol Treasurer
Patrol Grub Leader
Patrol Hike Leader
Patrol Quarter Leader
Patrol Song and Cheer Leader
Ropeworks
PARTS OF A ROPE
End Bight Eye
Standing Part Turn

Coil
Overhand Loop Underhand Loop
QUALITIES OF A GOOD KNOT
1. Easy to tie
2. Easy to untie
3. Firm, dependable, and is capable of doing what it is supposed to do
KINDS OF LASHING
Square Lashing
Used where two spars cross one another and have to be joined, or
where the load on one spar might tend to make it slip over the other.
Diagonal Lashing
Used where two spars are likely to be pulled apart.
Shear Lashing
Used for spars that will either lift or support weights, where
it is used to join two spars to increase overall length.
Figure of Eight Lashing

Used for joining three or more spars together. Most
useful for doing tripods.
QUALITIES OF A GOOD LASHING
1. Firmness – It is important that a lashing is strong and tight; if not, it is likely to fall apart
when put under strain.
2. Neatness – In a lashing, proper steps must be observed because incorrect lashing can
easily unravel or loosen.
PARTS OF A LASHING
1. Wrapping – for connecting
2. Frapping – for tightening
Cooking Skills
BASIC FOOD GROUPS
1. Go Foods – the energy-giving foods; contain carbohydrates and fats
2. Grow Foods – the body-building foods; contain proteins
3. Glow Foods – the body-regulating foods; contain vitamins and minerals
4. Water
Herbs vs Spices
Herbs are the fragrant leaves of plants that do not have woody stems, such as thyme,
oregano, peppermint etc. Most often the plants are of the temperate climate zone. Spices
are the barks, berries, fruits, roots and stems of all kinds of plants. Most often these are of
tropical origin, such as cloves, nutmeg and pepper. Curry is a mixture of spices. Herbs are
more fragrant when fresh, whereas spices often are stronger as dried powders. The two
terms are often used for both types however.
Common Cooking Herbs and Spices and their Uses
Spices play a very important role in Cooking. When a combination of spices,
herbs and other condiments are ground together, it is also called “masala”. Here are some
common Spices to add flavour to your food.
1. Almonds - A Royal nut ! Almonds are oval nuts with a mellow, sweet flavor, sold whole or
cut into slivers or slices, and are available blanched (skinless). Almonds are used a lot in
the Mogul style of cooking in North India. Almonds combine successfully with Indian savory
dishes as well as in Indian sweets, like ice creams, halwas, confectioneries. Almonds are
also used to thicken gravies and as a “special garnish”.
2. Basil - Primarily thought of as an ingredient to tomato recipes, basil can be eaten either
fresh or cooked. Cut basil into strips and embellish a tomato cut in half with these strips, a
little mazorella cheese and basalmic vinegar with olive oil drizzled over it all is a wonderful
appetizer (Capri salad).
3. Bay Leaf or Laurel - Best used fresh, which tends to be stronger than dried Bay. However,
you can dry the leaves in a dark place for future use. Bay Leaf is often used in a garni.
4. Cinnamon - True cinnamon trees grow only in Ceylon and India. When the bark is rolled,
we get cinnamon sticks and when ground, cinnamon powder. The cinnamon tree is small
and bushy and is ready to produce cinnamon after six years.
5. Cloves - In addition to cooking, cloves are used in pomanders, sachets and as an ingredi-
ent in potpourri. Many people also use Oil of Clove to ease a toothache.
6. Cumin - Use in poultry, marinades and as a subtle spice in salads
7. Dill - Both the leaves and seed can be used. The leaves, either whole or crushed, add
an earthy fresh taste to wonderful breads, sauces and baked goods. The seeds are used
in pickling spices, soups, veggies and gravies.
8. Ginger - It is a very popular spice used in Indian cooking. It has a tan skin and a flesh
that ranges in color from pale greenish yellow to ivory. The flavor is peppery and slightly
sweet, while the aroma is pungent and spicy. If you feel a cold coming on a fresh piece of
ginger in a hot cup of Indian tea usually does the trick. Fresh unpeeled ginger root, tightly
wrapped, can be refrigerated for up to 3 weeks and frozen for up to 6 months. Please do
not use dried ground ginger for dishes specifying fresh ginger as the flavors differ greatly.
9. Lemon Grass - Used with fish dishes and in soups and sauces
10. Mace - Mace is removed from the outer shell of the nutmeg seed and put in the sun to
dry. During drying, mace changes its’ colour from crimson to the mustard-yellow. Mace is
lighter and more mild than nutmeg and is used in cakes, pies, preserves and cookies. Mixed
with other spices, Mace can be found in poultry seasoning, pie spices and meat spice blends.
11. Nutmeg - Used primarily in cooking, it is probably most associated with fall and winter
cooking. A little nutmeg ground up in a sachet will give you a wonderful scent for a short
period of time.
12. Paprika - While traditional Spanish and Hungarian dishes use paprika as an actual
cooking spice, most Americans use paprika as a decorative additive (ala stuffed eggs).
The flavor of the paprika is not released unless heated, therefore when used as a garnish,
mostly the flavor is bland but colorful.
13. Rosemary - Rosemary, a member of the mint family, has been around as long as recorded
time. It has been used for cooking, both in recipes and as decoration, in aromatherapy
(such as sachets or in nosegays) or strictly as an ornamental shrub. In the right climate (dry
and hot) Rosemary will grow to 5 feet tall and has beautiful pale-blue flowers. The medicinal
properties of rosemary are in the oil extracted from the leaves and leafy stems, the flower-
ing dried twig tips, and the fresh and dried leaves. We know that it contains properties that
are antiviral and antimicrobial. It has anti-spasmodic properties, anti-convulsive properties,
stimulates circulation, and contains flavonoids that provide antioxidant benefits.
14. Sage - Sage is used in cooking, as an ornamental garden border and for potpourri.
15. Scallions - Wonderfully sweet when eaten raw, right from the ground. The bulb may be
diced or chopped and used in recipes calling for a hint of onion. The tops can be chopped
and either used fresh or dried for future use.
16. Thyme - To dry Thyme, tie the cut stems into loose bundles. Hang them in a shady, airy
spot. When dry, the leaves may be stripped by hand or stored in tightly covered containers.
Use Thyme not only in cooking, but also as an aromatic by boiling in water. The flowers may
be dried separately and put into potpourri, sachets and tea. The sprigs of older plants may
be used as kabob skewers by stripping the leaves from the sprig and soaking the sprigs in
water for about 15 minutes before using.
METHODS OF COOKING
1. Boiling – Cooking in water. It’s boiling when it’s bubbling
2. Baking – Cooking in oven without covering.
3. Roasting – Cooking in oven with fats.
4. Frying – Cooking over heat with film of fat covering the bottom of the pan.
5. Deep Frying – Cooking the food by complete immersion in hot fat.
6. Grilling – Cooking over or under direct fierce heat.
7. Simmering – Cooking in water below boiling point.
8. Poaching – Cooking food in water without complete immersion.
9. Steaming - Cooking in steam.
10. Braising – Cooking in oven in a tightly closed container.
Outdoors Badge
Challenge Badges
A. Challenge of Spirituality and Well-being ( Choose 3 Badges)
I. GOD’S WORD BADGE (do at least 2)
1. What part of the bible/ holy book has influenced you most? Why?
2. Choose at least two (2) Church holidays/ celebrations/ festivals. How are
these related to the life of the church’s leader/ founder/ prophet?
3. Choose a church holiday. Discuss its meaning and the traditions that
go with it.
II. A LOOK AT MYSELF BADGE (do all)
1. Write ten (10) words that describe you, and then ask your parents or
another girl in your troop to make a list that describes you. Compare this with your
own.
2. Prepare a resume and include your personal qualities, background, experi-
ences, achievements, aspirations, etc.
3. React on any of the following topics that concern experiences related to
growing up:
• Relationships (family, opposite sex, peers, neighbors)
• Coping with stress
• Decision making
• Career options
• Conflict resolutions
• Peer pressures
• Handling fears and anxieties
III. FRIENDSHIP BADGE (do all)
1. Maintain a friendship ledger. List what benefits you get out of friendship and what
your friends get in return. How do you enhance the relationship?
2. List the qualities you look for in a friend
3. List ways to say “no” to friends in the following situations.
• When offered to try prohibited drugs, cigar, etc.
• Disobey your elders
• Skipping classes and going somewhere else
• Staying out late
IV. LEADERSHIP BUILDING BADGE (do all)
1. Make a list of qualities that makes a good leader
2. What to do in the following leadership situations (choose 2)
• An accident happens
• Organizing a project
• Emergency situation
• Absence of the patrol leader
• Assignment from the troop leader
B. Challenge of the Environment (choose 2 badges)
I. RECYCLING BADGE (do all)
1. Know the different types of garbage and ways of disposing each type.
List down the kinds of trash that belong to each type.
2. Gather Objects such as bottles, newspaper, boxes, dry leaves, etc.
and recycle them.
II. OUTDOOR COOK BADGE (do at least 3)
1. Put up and maintain an outdoor kitchen and observe proper kitchen
sanitation in a camp
2. Plan the food to bring in any of the following:
• hike out
• weekend camp
• day camp
3. Demonstrate/ show the good storage of food in camp
4. Know how to prepare a one pot meal using the method of fireless
cookery
5. Cook a three course nutritious meal on an outdoor stove/ fire for
a patrol.
III. OUTDOOR ADVENTURE BADGE
Participate in a camping activity at least twice. Then think of a
purpose for each camp.
IV. ECOLOGIST BADGE
1. Know the correct use of at least four garden tools
2. Learn the general and interesting facts about how trees grow and
their value in food, preservation and erosion control.
True
Grid North
Direction Tracing
Magnetic North THREE (3) NORTHS
North 1. Magnetic North – It is the one pointed by the compass.
2. Grid North – It is the one located on a map.
3. True North – It is the actual direction of the North Pole.
SIXTEEN (16) CARDINAL POINTS OF DIRECTION
North ( 0°/360°) Northeast
Northwest
North-Northwest North-Northeast (45°)
(315°) (22.5°)
(337.5°)
West-Northwest
(292.5°) East-Northeast
(67.5°)
West (270°)
East (90°)
West-Southwest East-Southeast
(247.5°) (112.5°)
Southwest
(225°) South-Southwest South-Southeast Southeast
(202.5°) (157.5°) (135°)
South (180°)
SUN-WATCH METHOD TO FIND NORTH A
Shadow
You can find North by using a watch and 1 2
the sun. Lay the watch flat on the ground. Place a 1 2
matchstick upright directly over the hour hand and 3
South 11
have it pointed against the sun. This will result in D 4 C
having the shadow of the match lying directly over 10 5 North
the hour hand. Divide the angle between the hour 6
hand and an imaginary line formed by 12 and 6 (A-B). 9 8 7
Take into consideration the time of the day (morning Matchstick
means the sun is in the eastern hemisphere while af-
ternoon means the sun is in the western hemisphere). B
The imaginary line (C-D) determines your North and Sun
South directions.
SUN-STAFF METHOD TO FIND NORTH
If you happen to be in the middle of nowhere without a compass and with a bro-
ken watch, you can still find the True North, but it will take a few hours. Push a stick in the
ground before mid-day. The shadow falls along the line O-A. Scratch out a semi-circle on
the ground. Sit back and wait until the shadow moves around and touches the arc of the
circle again (at point B). Divide the line A-B into two and the line O-N will give you the True
North. This method is most accurate around noon and decreases in accuracy the further
away from noontime. Incidentally, when your own shadow is so short that you can almost
step on the tip of it, you can be sure it is about noon.
Path of Shadow
A A
Sun
West
O North N
Sun
O
B
East
AM PM
MOSS METHOD TO FIND NORTH

Moss (Lumot) grows on the trunk of trees facing north. This is because moss grows
on cool places and as the North Wind is always cooler than wind coming from other direc-
tions, moss grows facing north.
BIRDS/ANIMALS METHOD TO FIND NORTH
Example: Swallow birds go south during the month of December. When it is wintertime
in the South, they go back to the North, and so on. By this, you can determine the direction.
Note: This method is not quite applicable in the Philippines because it is located near
the equator.
STARS METHOD TO FIND NORTH

Little
Dipper North
North Star – also called Pole Star or Polaris Star
Big Dipper – also called Ursa Major
Small Dipper – also called Ursa Minor or Little
Dipper pointers
Big
Dipper
MAP SYMBOLS AND TRAIL MARKS
Trail Marks are the marks or signs bound on a trail and are seen actually.
Map symbols are the signs found on maps, usually drawn from the top view of the
original object.
METHODS OF LAYING TRAILS
1. Blazing – the use of a knife or an axe to make a mark for every 100 yards or so. (Note:
This method is not advisable since it damages and injures trees.)
2. Brush Blaze – entails breaking off branches of trees, pointing in the direction of your
travel. (Note: This method is advisable in thinly forested areas.)
3. Grass Method – used in areas that have abundant supply of fairly long grass. This method
requires you to tie clumps of grass together with a wisp of grass. The head always points
towards the direction of travel.
4. Rock Method – the use of rocks that are either placed one on top of another, shown or
placed in the form of a “V” indicating the direction of travel.
5. Scratching – used by scratching arrows or marks in the dirt or soil area, or by using a
crayon on rocks.
TRAIL MARKS
Here are some examples of trail marks that can be seen and placed on the actual
terrain.
Good Drinking Bad Drinking Underground

Fresh Water
Water Water Water Dangerous
a spring Drinking Water
Shallow Sea or
Large Lake Mist or cloud A bad dog in
Water Ocean
Smoke a yard
Danger Fire Rain Snow Wind

Thunder
Three gun-
Rainbow Four Winds shots
Lightning Help Danger /
help Help
Grass mark-
Turn to right Turn to left ing trail Danger /
(right track) Turn around Help This is the trail
Go back
Danger /
This way /
help This way
long distance This way / This is the way Turn to the left
short distance
This way Three kilometers

This way Sickness Turn to the This way
this way
in camp right
This way Turn around Stop take

to camp Eight steps
go back Split into three Turn to the other way
groups right this way
End of trail This is the way

Wait This way
Turn to the left
MAP SYMBOLS
Here are some examples of map symbols that can be seen and placed on a map.
Poor motor Rural roads City road

Dirt road Pack trail
road Trail highway
uncemented
Railroad Fences Electric

Good road track (wire stone) Poles Bridge Ford
Telephone Town Post office Bus stop School

line Telegram
Fireman’s Hospital Temple Church Police station

Well
station
City / Municipal Cave Buildings Factory

Cemetery
Antenna hall
Airport Quarry or Dam River or Wind mill

Factories
mine creek
Brook Spring Pond or lake Highland Sandy

mountain Sand area
Cornfield Cultivated Grass land

field Swamp Volcano
Camp
Trees Orchard Forest Area

/ woop
broad Garden Forest area Grass land
leaves
Forest area Pine area
Hiking Skills
TYPES OF HIKING
1. Troop Hikes
a) Rovering Knight Hike – Patrols are sent out like knights to perform good deeds, and
then submit a report regarding their good deeds after.
b) Lost Child Hike – Patrols are mobilized, given instructions, and sent out to find the lost
“child” or a pillow.
c) Commando Hike – The troop is divided into two groups and pitted against one another.
d) Historical Hike – The entire troop goes out to visit historic places and recall historic events.
e) Nature Hike – Scouts of a troop act as ecologists and list down the names of birds,
trees, animals, insects, and heavenly bodies observed during the hike.
2. Patrol Hike
a) Beeline Hike – Patrols try to go in a straight line while overcoming all obstacles in their
way.
RULES AND REGULATIONS IN HIKING
1. The buddy system must be used.
2. An advanced party must be sent to check the route and destination for possible dangers
prior to the hike.
3. There must be a leader in front and at the back of the patrol to lead and safeguard the
members.
4. Hikers must be in appropriate attire.
5. Hikers should always remember that the lighter the load, the better.
6. Hikers must take a pinch of salt to avoid excessive dehydration. Do not wipe perspiration.
7. There must be a first aider to take charge during emergencies.
8. Hikers must always obey signs and make sure to follow trail marks.
PRECAUTIONS TO TAKE DURING A HIKE
1. Always walk in single file and walk on the left side of the road.
2. Always tie a piece of bright colored cloth on your right forearm or wear a bright shirt dur-
ing night hikes.
3. Always slow down when near curves and crossroads.
4. Always look both left and right before crossing a road.
5. Do not hitchhike, except during emergency cases.
6. Be extra careful when jumping from rock to rock and going down slopes because a fall
can be fatal.
7. Keep calm and patient at all times.
8. Avoid softdrinks and candies while hiking.
THINGS TO DO WHEN LOST IN A HIKE
1. Stay where you are. Do not go too far.
2. Find a policeman for directions.
3. Stay where you are and prepare a place to sleep when you are lost at night. Make a fire
if you’re in a forest.
4. Lay a fire if you’re lost in the forest and get a piece of cloth or your shirt. Cover and un-
cover the smoke for three (3) consecutive times. This is a signal for help. You may also use
three (3) flashes of light or anything that goes by three.
5. Do not panic.
Compass Reading
TYPES OF COMPASS
There are two main types of compass: the
Needle compass which has a fixed dial and a mov-
able needle, and the Revolving dial compass where
the needle is fixed and the dial revolves under it.
Needle compass like the Silva type is preferred
in organized camping and activities because it is
Magnetic Needle
smaller and weighs less, although both types can Compass Dial Compass
be used by Scouts.
PARTS OF A COMPASS
Direction of travel arrow

Base Plate
Orienting arrow
Compass Magnetic
Needle
Compass housing
Safety Cord
ORIENTING A COMPASS
Suppose you want to travel in a certain direction (e.g., 60° from North). Orient your
compass to bring the figure 60 right below the direction of the travel arrow by turning the
housing. Now turn yourself around until the compass needle is lined up with the orienting
arrow. You are now facing the direction you want to go.
Camping Skills
CAMPING
Camping is one of the biggest thrills in Scouting. Not only is it fun, it also trains you to learn
how to get along with other people. It means spending days and nights outdoors away from
the comforts and conveniences of home. It is actually training on how to live in the open.
TYPES OF SCOUT RACKS

1. Rucksack – like a school bag
2. Frame Rucksack – a rucksack with a frame
3. Exarmy Pack – used by the army
4. Frameless Climbing Rucksack – used by mountain climbers
5. Pack Frame – best for carrying uncomfortably shaped loads because these can touch
your back
QUALITIES OF A GOOD CAMPSITE
(5 S’s of a Good Campsite)
1. Supply – There must be a source or supply of drinkable water and wood for cooking,
campfire, and gadgetry needs.
2. Slope – Terrain must not be too flat or too sloped.
3. Safety – The site must not be a war zone or a rebel infested area.
4. Space – Enough space is needed for tentage, cooking, washing, and activity purposes.
5. Sights – Beautiful sceneries must be near enough to see.
PERSONAL CAMPING EQUIPMENT
The following are some of the personal things one should bring to a camp: Pack, Duffle
bag, or knapsack; complete Type-A; working clothes; pairs of underwear; handkerchiefs;
metal polish; eating utensils; scout knife; slippers; toilet paper; watch; sewing kit; personal
medicine; rubber shoes; compass; comb and mirror; sleeping bag; sleeping uniform; socks;
shoe polish; towels; pen; jacket/raincoat; flashlight; camera; insect repellant; swimming
trunks; knot-tying ropes; and First Aid kit.
PATROL CAMPING EQUIPMENT
The following are some of the things a patrol should bring to a camp: Patrol Tents;
poles for Flags and Gadgetries; storage tent; ground sheets; patrol flags; pulleys for flag-
poles; mallet; ax; trash bags; ring buoy and safety equipment; bugles and whistles; fly tent
set; screening for latrines; lanterns; First Aid kit; casseroles, pots, pans and kettles; plates,
bowls, forks, and spoons; pot holders; scouring materials (steel wool, soap, etc.); meat bags/
canned goods; water container/pails; cooking utensils; hand saw; ropes of assorted sizes;
spade; shovel; maps; bolo/knife; washing basins; chopping boards; food box; can opener;
activity materials; cooking stove; and matches.canned goods; water container/pails; cooking
utensils; hand saw; ropes of assorted sizes;
DOs AND DON’Ts OF CAMPING
1. Avoid littering.
2. Observe silence if you wake up early.
3. Don’t disturb anyone until the rising whistle has been sounded.
4. Observe cleanliness at all times.
5. Avoid eating sweets and junk food.
6. Avoid being fussy about your likes and dislikes on food.
7. Observe the patrol system.
8. Be courteous to other Scouts and Scouters.
9. Dispose of garbage properly.
10. Provide dishwashing facilities.
RULES IN BREAKING CAMP
1. Check your own personal belongings.
2. Make sure that new acquisitions to be brought home (e.g., souvenirs, gifts, etc.) fit in the
bag as well.
3. Settle all your accounts and dues.
4. Return all borrowed equipment and materials.
5. Do not stay up too late on the last evening in camp.
6. Leave your site in a manner that no one will know you’ve camped there.
7. Burn all garbage.
8. Flatten tins and put them in trash bags.
9. Fill in all pits and latrines.
10. Put out the fire and bury the ashes.
11. Put a “foul ground” sign on former latrine areas.
12. Do a “police search” of the camp for litter.
13. Pick up every scrap of litter even if not yours.
14. Make sure you leave nothing except your THANKS to the owner of the camp.
Cooking Skills
KINDS OF FIREWOOD
1. Tinder – Starting your fire on a small pile of tinder can make it ignite easier. Tinder can
be any dry, easily lit, shredded material. Examples include cedar bark, grass, pine needles,
wood shavings, pitch, milkweed fluff, char cloth, clothes dryer lint, and wax.
2. Kindling – Kindling helps to maintain and build up your fire once your tinder has ignited.
These are dry sticks and twigs that are a bit larger than tinder. Kindling typically has the
diameter of a match up to the size of a pencil. You should be able to snap them with your
hands.
3. Fuelwood – Fuelwood serves as the hot coals that will make your fire continue burning.
Fuelwood in a campfire are pieces of wood that have somewhat the same diameter as your
wrist. For big, entertaining campfires, your forearm is a good size estimate.
Girl Scouts of the Philippines Organization
Central Board
(Triennial Term)
Chief Girl Scout – President of the Country or the First Lady
NATIONAL OFFICERS
National President
1st National Vice-President
2nd National Vice-President
National Secretary
National Treasurer
Assistant National Secretary
Assistant National Treasurer
National Executive Director
INTERNATIONAL COMMISSIONER
REGIONAL CHAIRMEN
REGIONAL GIRL REPRESENTATIVES
Northern Luzon Region Eastern Mindanao Region
Central Luzon Region Western Mindanao Region
Southern Luzon Region
Visayas Region
First Aid
FIRST AID
First Aid is the immediate systematic care given to a person who has been injured or
has been accidentally taken ill until the presence of a physician or EMT (Emergency Medi-
cal Technician) is available.
OBJECTIVES OF FIRST AID
1. To alleviate suffering
2. To prevent added injury
3. To prolong life
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF FIRST AID
1. Do first things first, quietly, quickly, and without fuss or panic.
2. Do not attempt too much. Do the minimum that is essential to save life and prevent the
condition from worsening.
3. Give ABC if breathing has stopped. Every second counts.
4. Stop any bleeding.
5. Guard against shock by protecting the patient from cold, by mooring as little as possible
and with great care, and by relieving pain.
6. Don’t remove clothes unnecessarily.
7. Reassure the patient and those around to avoid nervousness and panic.
8. Don’t allow people to crowd around the patient, as fresh air is essential.
9. Arrange for the removal of the patient to the care of a doctor or a hospital as soon as
possible and notify the police.
L.T.C. IN FIRST AID 4-H IN FIRST AID 5-C IN FIRST AID
L → Love 1. Head 1. Calmness
T → Tender 2. Heart 2. Cheerfulness
C → Care 3. Hand 3. Cleanliness
4. Humanitarian Aspect 4. Carefulness
5. Common Sense
HURRY CASES OF FIRST AID METHODS OF STOPPING SEVERE BLEEDING
1. Stoppage of Breathing 1. Direct Pressure
2. Severe Bleeding 2. Pressure Points
3. Poisoning 3. Elevation
4. Shock 4. Torniquet
KINDS OF WOUNDS (Open Wounds)
(Code: ALIPA)
1. Avulsion - tissue is forcibly separated or torn from the victim’s body, there is heavy and
rapid bleeding.(Laplap)
2. Laceration - torn irregular edges, serious bleeding.(Laslas)
3. Incision - clean cut, deep, severe bleeding, wound is clean. (Hiwa)
4. Puncture - small opening, deep serious slight bleeding, dirty, usually caused by a needle.
(Tusok)
5. Abrasion - shallow, wide, no bleeding, dirty. (Gasgas)
TYPES OF BANDAGE USES OF BANDAGES
1. Triangular Bandage 1. Controls Bleeding
2. Roller Bandage 2. Ties splint in place
3. Four- Tail Bandage 3. Immobilize body parts
4. Muslim-Binder 4. Supports Body parts
5. Holds dressing in place
PHASES OF A TRIANGULAR BANDAGE
Broad Cravat Semi-Broad Cravat Narrow Cravat

Open Phase
PARTS OF A TRIANGULAR BANDAGE
Standard Size
Base (42 inches)
End End
Face
Sides Sides
(21 inches) (21 inches)
Apex
USE OF DRESSING
1. Completely cover the wound.
2. Avoid contamination when handling and applying.
USE OF AN ANTISEPTIC
1. To prevent wound infection.
2. To clean and disinfect the wound.
Ropework and Pioneering Skills
Advanced Knots
TAUTLINE HITCH
Use the Tautline Hitch when you need the tension or length of a
tied rope to be adjustable. It is very useful for tying straps to trees
and is usually used in tent pitching.
FISHERMAN’S KNOT
Also called True Lovers Knot, the Fisherman’s Knot is used for stiff ropes
and cords. It is easy to make and difficult to untie, so don’t use it on a
good rope, especially if there is a lot of strain on it. It is usually used to
join together two ropes of equal size.
BOTTLENECK KNOT
Also called the Jar Sling Knot, it is usually used to hold a bottle’s neck.
Once the knot is placed firmly around the bottle’s neck, it will never slip out.
SCAFFOLD HITCH
Washers of building windows usually use the Scaffold Hitch. It is the hitch
tied on the plank of wood the washers step on.
CONTINUOUS LASHING
Continuous lashing holds small poles at a right angle to long poles and is useful in making
tabletops, seats, etc. It can be used to make the platform of a table or a tower. It is made
by first tying the middle part of the rope to the spar by using a clove hitch, and ending with
a square knot.
KINDS OF TRESTLES
All pioneering projects using lashings must be safe and steady. To ensure this, they
must have triangles called trestles built into their design. Trestles are formed by a series of
lashing on several spars.
Square Lashing
Square Lashing
X - Trestle
A - Trestle Square Lashing
Diagonal Lashing
Square Lashing
H - Trestle
PARTS OF A TRESTLE
1
1. Transom
2. Leg
3. Brace 2 3 3 2
4. Ledger
4
Savers Badge
Challenge Badges
A. Preparedness (choose 4 badges)
I. LIFESAVER AND OUTDOOR SAFETY BADGE (do at least 3)
1. Demonstrate at least five(5) simple safety precautions at home
2. Conduct a fire drill to prevent accidents and fires
3. Be able to use a part of your dress or an accessories as a float
4. Be able to swim 50 meters and float in 30 seconds
5. Demonstrate how to free yourself from the grasp of a drowning person
6. Plan the food to bring to the following
• hike-out
• week-end camp
• day camp
II. PERSONAL SAFETY BADGE (do at least 2)
1. Learn some self defense skills
2. Undertake survival activities like compass and map reading, fire building,
outdoor cooking, cooking with utensils and other related activities
3. Know how to protect your valuables when traveling/walking in crowded
places/ dark places.
4. Know how to attract attention if lost or in distress.
III. PUBLIC SAFETY (do at least 1)
1. List ways you can help out in case of traffic accident
2. Know what special precautions are needed in public gatherings where
there are: senior citizens, children, handicapped
3. Know how to contact at least two public services agencies that can
help in case of emergencies
IV. HOME NURSE BADGE (do at least 2)
1. Demonstrate how to:
• Use a thermometer
• Feed a sick person
• Wash and dress a patient
• Change dressing of a wound
• Brush the hair of the patient
• Give drinks to a patient who needs help
2. Know how to clean a room without raising the dust
3. Know how to make the bed with the patient on it including changing of sheets
and arranging the pillows comfortably
4. Know what is needed for the morning and evening toilet
5. Show how to help the patient to:
• Get up and sit on a chair
• Go to the toilet
• Go out of the room
B. Heritage and Citizenship (choose 1 badge)
I. CHRONICLER BADGE (do all)
1. In the map of the Philippines, indicate/ mark where the following
took place: Landing of Bornean Datus, McArthur’s return, landing of
Magellan and other important events.
2. Find out various nationality backgrounds in the Philippines. Give a
brief account of each nationality, what are the special contributions they
did for the country.
II. CUSTOMS AND TRADITIONS BADGE (do all)
1. Put up a drama, play or balagtasan featuring Filipino customs,
traditions, beliefs and practices. E.g. engagement and marriage,
illness, death, belief in the supernatural, religious practices, etc.
2. Make a research on customs worth preserving and practicing them.
ex. Praying at angelus time, kissing the hands of elders, use of please
and thank you.
III. COMMUNITY SERVICE BADGE (do all)
1. Spend a service day with any of the following:
• Aged
• Handicapped/ disabled/ sick
• Orphans
• Children
2. Be familiar with the Philippine Constitution and know your rights,
duties, and responsibilities as conferred by the constitution
3. Assist in the libraries in the arrangement of materials, care of and handling of
shelves, books, cover books, help in the preparation of posters and announcements
and to assist at the borrower’s desk.
First Aid
TREATMENT FOR FRICTION BLISTERS
1. Clean or wash the wound with soap and water.
2. Cover with dressing and bandage.
TREATMENT FOR NOSE BLEEDING

1. Place the victim in sitting position with the head tilted back.
2. If not possible, elevate the head and shoulders from the position of lying on the back.
3. Apply cold applications, ice pack or bag to the forehead, face, nose, and neck. 4. Some
suggest inserting sterile cotton into each nostril and applying gentle pressure with fingers.
5. The patient should be quiet and be prohibited to blow his nose, walk, smoke, or drink coffee.
6. It the bleeding persists and is intense, he should be examined by a physician.
TREATMENT FOR CHOKING

1. Abdominal Thrust – Heimlich Maneuver (conscious)
2. Chest Thrust (unconscious)
3. Combination of 5 back blows and 5 chest thrusts for infants
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF SHOCK
1. Early Stage 2. Late Stage
a. Cold and clammy skin a. Restlessness
b. Rapid and faint pulse b. Very weak
c. Rapid and shallow breathing c. Hypotension
d. Vacant, jack luster, dull eyes d. Unconsciousness
e. Dizziness
f. Nausea and vomiting
g. Dilated / constricted pupils
h. Face is pale
i. Body temperature is very low
TREATMENT FOR SHOCK
1. Proper position
a. If the victim’s color is normal and is conscious, let the victim lie flat on the ground
with his face facing up.
b. If the victim’s color is normal but unconscious, let the victim lie flat on the ground
with his face facing the ground.
c. If the victim is pale, let the victim lie on the ground with the lower part of his body
elevated to about 12-18 inches.
d. If the victim’s color is red and is vomiting and conscious, elevate the upper body
of the victim to about an angle of 45°.
e. If the victim’s color is red and is vomiting but unconscious, put the victim in a
side-lying position.
f. If the victim’s color is bluish or black, establish CPR.
2. Proper temperature and ventilation
a. Maintain body warmth.
b. In extremely cold weather, apply additional heat.
3. Administration of fluids
a. Fluids have value. Water is useful only if the victim will not undergo surgery within
two hours or less.
KINDS OF BURNS
1. Thermal Burns or Heat Burns
2. Chemical Burns
3. Electrical Burns
4. Radiation
DEGREES OF BURNS
1. First Degree Burn - affects only the superficial layer of the skin. Redness, discoloration,
mild swelling, mild to moderate pain.
2. Second Degree Burn - affects both first and second layers of the skin. Redness, blister
formation, swelling.
3. Third Degree Burn - involves the three layers of the skin. Looks white or charred. There
is no pain because the nerve tissues that transmit impulses have already been destroyed.
TREATMENT FOR BURNS
1. First and Second degree burns - Apply cold compress to the affected area. Submerge
the burned area in cold water. Burn ointments may also be applied. Cover the burned area.
2. Third degree burns - Cut the clothing on the burned area. Cover the burned area with
aluminum foil or simply protect the burned area and quickly transport the victim to the near-
est hospital.
3. Thermal or Heat burns - For first and second degree burns without open blisters, flush with
lots of cool running water. Apply moist dressing and bandage loosely. Don’t open the blisters.
For second degree burns with open blisters and third degree burns, apply dry dressing and
bandage loosely. Don’t use water because it increases the risk of shock.
4. Chemical burns - Immediately dry off the affected area with cloth. Flush with lots of run-
ning water for about 15 minutes. Remove clothing and jewelry on which chemicals have
spilled. Cover the burns with dry, loose dressing. Care for possible shock and do primary
survey frequently.
5. Electrical burns - Shut off the source of power. Do a primary survey. Call Emergency
Medical Assistance. Do secondary survey, check for more than one burn site. Cover all
burns with dry, loose dressing and bandage. Care for shock.
KINDS OF POISONING
1. Ingestion – poisoning through the mouth
2. Inhalation – poisoning through the nose
3. Injection – poisoning through a needle
4. Absorption – poisoning through the skin
KINDS OF INGESTION OR ORAL POISONING
1. Corrosive – acid, base, alkaline, petroleum
2. Non-corrosive – wood and drugs
TREATMENT FOR INGESTION OR ORAL POISONING
1. Corrosive – dilute with enough water, antidote
2. Non-corrosive – dilute with large amount of water, induce vomiting, antidotes
ANTIDOTE: refers to substances that counteract poison.
1. Charcoal – pulverize and mix with water
2. Egg White – drink 10 to 12 pieces of egg white only
TREATMENT FOR INHALATION OR GAS POISONING
1. Remove the victim from source of gas.
2. Ventilate
3. Search for ABC.
TREATMENT FOR INJECTION POISONING
The treatment for this injury is similar with the treatment for snakebites.
1. Tie a constriction band 2 to 4 inches just above the mark of the needle.
2. Keep the patient calm while in lying position.
3. If you can see a spot above the constriction band, it means that the poison has penetrated
the band. Tie another constriction band above the spot.
4. Bring the victim immediately to a doctor.
TREATMENT FOR ABSORPTION POISONING
1. Remove contaminated clothing; wash all exposed areas thoroughly with soap and water.
2. Apply Calamine (Caladryl) or other soothing skin lotion if the rash is mild.
3. Seek medical advice if severe reaction occurs or if there is known history of previous
sensitivity.
BASIC LIFE SUPPORT (BLS)
Basic Life Support (BLS) is the recognition and immediate treatment of airway
obstruction, respiratory arrest, and cardiac arrest.
Respiratory Arrest is when breathing stops but circulation and pulse continue for
some time. Artificial Respiration (AR) or Rescue Breathing is the procedure for causing
air to flow in and out of the victim’s lungs when his or her natural breathing ceases or is
inadequate.
Cardiac Arrest is the condition in which the heart has stopped. Cardiopulmonary
Resuscitation (CPR) is an emergency procedure applied to a victim who is not breathing
and whose heart has stopped beating. The procedure involves the combination of rescue
breathing and artificial circulation or external chest compression. Cardio refers to the heart,
Pulmonary refers to the lungs, and Resuscitation refers to ventilation or artificial respiration
used to restore breathing.
External Chest Compression (ECC) is the application of rhythmic pressure over
the lower half of the sternum. The pressure compresses the heart and produces an artifi-
cial circulatory pulse.
Heart Attack or Myocardial Infarction is the sudden interference with the normal
function of the heart due to interruption of coronary circulation. Heart attacks may lead to
cardiac arrest. Therefore, you should be prepared to perform Cardiopulmonary Resuscita-
tion.
ABC OF BASIC LIFE SUPPORT
A – Airway opened through:
1. Head Tilt Chin Lift Maneuver
2. Jaw Thrust Maneuver (for victims with suspected neck or back injuries)
B – Breathing restored: Artificial Respiration (Rescue Breathing)
C – Circulation restored: External Chest Compressions (ECC)
The W.A.G.G.G.S. Organization
World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts
The WORLD TREFOIL and the WORLD FLAG have many symbolic
meanings.
THE WORLD TREFOIL

The Trefoil, used on the World Pin, is the unifying symbol of WAGGGS.
The World Flag

The World Flag is used, often as a unit flag, at the World Centres, the World Bureau,
WAGGGS’ gatherings, and by all Members Organizations.
The golden Trefoil on a bright blue background represents the sun shining over
all the children of the world.The white blaze, in the lower right-hand corner, is a symbol of
WAGGGS’ commitment to peace - the world-wide peace which all Guides and Girl Scouts
work for in their families, communities and the wider world. The three golden blocks sym-
bolize the three-fold Promise.

ABOUT W.A.G.G.G.S.
The World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts (WAGGGS) is the largest
voluntary movement dedicated to girls and young women in the world. It supports girls
and young women develop their full potential as responsible citizens of the world. The As-
sociation focuses on leadership development and active citizenship. The WAGGGS deliv-
ers high quality non-formal educational programmes and international opportunities that
provide girls and young women dynamic, flexible and values-based training in life skills,
leadership and citizenship.
There are five WAGGGS’ regions – Africa, Arab, Asia Pacific, Europe and Western
Hemisphere and four World Centres: Our Chalet in Switzerland, Sangam in India, Pax
Lodge in UK and Our Cabaña in Mexico. The World Centres are residential and training
centres where girls and young women develop leadership skills through international pro-
grammes and friendships.
The founder Member countries of WAGGGS were:
Australia, Belgium, Canada, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Hungary, Iceland, India, Japan, Latvia, Liberia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Netherlands, New
Zealand, Norway, Poland, South Africa, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United
States of America and Yugoslavia.
W.A.G.G.G.S. Mission
“To enable girls and young women to develop
their fullest potential as responsible citizens of the world.”
W.A.G.G.G.S. Vision
“All girls and young women are valued and take action to change the world.”
W.A.G.G.G.S. GOALS
Two goals now define the plan, focusing on the World Association’s contribution
towards empowering girls in all aspects of their lives and ensuring their rights and roles their
communities.
Goal 1: Provide more opportunities for girls and young women to grow and lead.
Goal 2: Empower young girls and women to be agents of change in the world.
Swimming Skills
EIGHT POINT SWIM DEFENSE PLAN DIFFERENT SWIMMING STROKES
1. Medical Examination 1. Front Crawl
2. Trained Supervisor 2. Backstroke or Back crawl
3. Safe Swimming Area 3. Breaststroke
4. Life Guard 4. Butterfly stroke
5. Lookout 5. Sidestroke
6. Ability Groups 6. Dog Paddle
a: Non-swimmers and just learning 7. Elementary Backstroke
b: Beginners
c: Swimmers who can float
7. Buddy Plan
8. Discipline
SAVING DROWNING VICTIMS
You need not be a swimmer in order to save a drowning victim. Going into the water
and swimming towards the victim is always the last option, especially if you cannot handle
yourself well in water. The Reach, Throw, Row, Tow, and Go methods are always effective
in saving drowning victims.
REACH – If the victim is near you, grab a pole or stick and extend it to the victim.
THROW – Throw a lifebuoy or any floating device to the victim.
ROW – Rid e on a canoe, kayak, or any boat and row towards the victim.
TOW – Pull the victim out of the water.
GO – Go and swim towards the victim to rescue him. Do this only if you are trained. If not,
the victim can drag you underwater.
Signaling
SEMAPHORE
by: Clude Chappe (1794)
INTERNATIONAL MORSE CODE
by: Samuel Finley Breeze Morse (1832)
Dit (•) Dash (—)
A • — O ———
B — • • • P • — — • Numerals:
C — • — • Q — — • — 1 • — — — — 6 — • • • •
D — • • R •—• 2 • • — — — 7 — — • • •
E • S ••• 3 • • • — — 8 ———••
F • • — • T — 4 • • • • — 9 ————•
G — — • U ••— 5 • • • • • 0 —————
H • • • • V •••— Attention (AAAA) •—•—•—•—
Error (EEEEEEEE) • • • • • • •
I • • W •——
End of all (AR) • — • — •
J • — — — X —••—
End of sentence (AAA) • — • — • —
K — • — Y — • — — Answering signal (TTTTT) — — — — —
L • — • • Z — — • • Message received (R) • — •
M — — Repeat signal (IMI) • • — — • •
N —• Go ahead (K) — • —
Confirm (C) — • — •
SOS • • • — — — • • •
Roger • — •
MORSE CODE USING WIGWAG
HAM RADIO
International Phonetic Alphabet
A - Alpha K - Kilo U - Uniform
B - Bravo L - Lima V - Victory
C - Charlie M - Mike W - Whisky
D - Delta N - November X - X-ray
E - Echo O - Oscar Y - Yankee
F - Foxtrot P - Papa Z - Zulu
G - Golf Q - Quebec
H - Hotel R - Romeo
I - India S - Sierra
J - Juliet T - Tango
Ropeworks - Advance Knots

WATER BOWLINE
The Water Bowline is a very secure loop that won’t jam. It was probably de-
veloped for use underwater, an environment that makes security properties for
most knots change dramatically.
DOUBLE CARRICK BEND

Also known as Full Carrick Bend and Sailor’s Knot, it is mainly
used to tie two identical ropes together. The ends have to be on
opposite sides and the crossings are always alternating (up/down/
up/down…). The Carrick Bend is one of the best knots. It does not
easily slip, not even if the rope is wet. It is always easy to untie,
even after a heavy load.
HIGHWAYMAN’S HITCH
Mainly used for tethering horses or lowering loads, its advantage is the
quick release. Robbers use this knot to plan for a fast getaway. If you tether
critters, learn this knot.
SPANISH BOWLINE
It is useful in rescue work, especially as a substitute for the Boatswain’s
Chair. It may also be used to give a twofold grip for lifting a pipe or other
round objects in a sling. Many people prefer the Spanish Bowline to the
French Bowline because the bights are set and will not slip.
ROVER NOOSE
It is a loop in the middle of a rope of which both ends are fastened to
separate poles or spars. The loop will serve as a pulley or rope at-
tachment. This type of noose can also be used at the end of a rope,
where it will have the same application as a figure of eight on a bight.
FIREMAN’S CHAIR KNOT

This knot can also be used as a rescue knot, similar to a bowline. Its
advantage is that it has two loops to support the victim’s body.
Survival Skills
Herbal Plants
The loose definition of herb is any plant that is used for its culinary, medicinal, or fragrant
properties. Herbs are such a diverse group of plants that it is very difficult to separate them
into logical groups. Some disguise themselves as wildflowers; some are fragrant ground
covers; and some are weeds that we try to eradicate from between the pavements in our
driveways. Medicinal herbs have been used for centuries. Here are the 10 Medicinal Plants
in the Philippines endorsed by the Department of Health:
1. Akapulko (Cassia alata) – Also known as “bayabas-bayabasan” and “ringworm bush” in

English. This herbal medicine is used to treat ringworms and skin fungal infections.
2. Ampalaya (Momordica charantia) – Known as “bitter gourd” or “bitter melon” in English.
The Ampalaya is most known as a treatment of diabetes (diabetes mellitus) for the non-
insulin dependent patients.
3. Bawang (Allium sativum) – Popularly known as “garlic”, it mainly reduces cholesterol in
the blood and hence, helps control blood pressure.
4. Bayabas (Psidium guajava) – Known as “guava” in English. It is primarily used as an
antiseptic, to disinfect wounds. Also, it can be used as a mouthwash to treat tooth decay
and gum infection.
5. Lagundi (Vitex negundo) – Known in English as the “5-leaved chaste tree”. Its main use
is for the relief of coughs and asthma.
6. Niyog-niyogan (Quisqualis indica L.) – It is a vine known as “Chinese honey suckle”.
It is effective in the elimination of intestinal worms, particularly the Ascaris and Trichina.
7. Sambong (Blumea balsamifera) – Known in English as Blumea camphora. It is a diuretic
that helps in the excretion of urinary stones. It can also be used as an edema.
8. Tsaang Gubat (Ehretia microphylla Lam.) – This herbal medicine is effective in treating
intestinal motility and also used as a mouthwash since the leaves of this shrub has high
fluoride content.
9. Ulasimang Bato (Peperomia pellucida) – Also known as “pansit-pansitan”. It is effective in
fighting arthritis and gout. The leaves can be eaten fresh (about a cupful) as salad or like tea.
10. Yerba Buena (Clinopodium douglasii) – Commonly known as “Peppermint”. This vine is
used as an analgesic to relive body aches and pain. It can be taken internally as a decoction
or externally by pounding the leaves and applied directly on the afflicted area.
Wild Edible Plants
It is important to be able to recognize both cultivated and wild edible plants in a sur-
vival situation. Remember the following when collecting wild plants for food:
1. Plants growing near homes and occupied buildings or along roadsides may have been
sprayed with pesticides. Wash them thoroughly. In more highly developed countries with
many automobiles, avoid roadside plants, if possible, due to contamination from exhaust
emissions.
2. Plants growing in contaminated water or in water containing Giardia lamblia and other
parasites are contaminated as well. Boil or disinfect them.
3. Some plants develop extremely dangerous fungal toxins. To lessen the chance of ac-
cidental poisoning, do not eat any fruit that is starting to spoil or showing signs of mildew
or fungus.
4. Plants of the same species may differ in their toxic or sub-toxic compounds content
because of genetic or environmental factors. One example of this is the foliage of the com-
mon chokecherry. Some chokecherry plants have high concentrations of deadly cyanide
compounds while others have low concentrations or none. Horses have died from eating
wilted wild cherry leaves. Avoid any weed, leaves, or seeds with an almond like scent, a
characteristic of the cyanide compounds.
5. Some people are more susceptible to gastric distress (from plants) than others. If you are
sensitive in this way, avoid unknown wild plants. If you are extremely sensitive to poison ivy,
avoid products from this family, including any parts from sumacs, mangoes, and cashews.
6. Some edible wild plants such as acorns and water lily rhizomes are bitter. These bitter
substances, usually tannin compounds, make them unpalatable. Boiling them in several
changes of water will usually remove these bitter properties.
7. Many valuable wild plants have high concentrations of oxalate compounds, also known
as oxalic acid. Oxalates produce a sharp burning sensation in your mouth and throat and
can damage the kidneys. Baking, roasting, or drying usually destroys these oxalate crystals.
The corn (bulb) of the jack-in-the-pulpit is known as the “Indian turnip,” but you can eat it
only after removing these crystals by slow baking or by drying.
8. WARNING: Do not eat mushrooms in a survival situation! The only way to tell if a mush-
room is edible is by positive identification. There is no room for experimentation. Symptoms
of the most dangerous mushrooms affecting the central nervous system may show up after
several days have passed when it is too late to reverse their effects.
9. To avoid potentially poisonous plants, stay away from any wild or unknown plants that have:
• Milky or discolored sap
• Beans, bulbs, or seeds inside pods
• Bitter or soapy taste
• Spines, fine hairs, or thorns
• Dill, carrot, parsnip, or parsley like foliage
• “Almond” scent in woody parts and leaves
• Grain heads with pink, purplish, or black spurs
• Three-leaved growth pattern
Some Examples of Wild Edible Plants:
1. Temperate Zone Food Plants:
Asparagus, Blackberries, Blueberries, Chestnut, Chicory, Daylily, Oaks,
Prickly pear cactus, Purslane, Strawberries, Water lily and lotus, Wild onion and garlic,
Wild rose, Wood sorrel
2. Tropical Zone Food Plants:
Bamboo, Bananas, Breadfruit, Cashew nut, Coconut, Mango, Palms,
Papaya, Sugarcane, Taro
3. Dessert Zone Food Plants:
Acacia, Agave, Cactus, Date palm, Desert amaranth
4. Seaweeds:
Dulse, Green seaweed, Irish moss, Kelp, Laver, Mojaban, Sugar wrack
Kinds of Natural Shelter
Do not overlook natural formations that provide shelter. Examples are caves, rocky
crevices, clumps of bushes, small depressions, large rocks on leeward sides of hills, large
trees with low-hanging limbs, and fallen trees with thick branches. However, when selecting
a natural formation,
• Stay away from low ground such as ravines, narrow valleys, or creek beds. Low
areas collect the heavy cold air at night and are therefore colder than the surrounding high
ground. Thick, brushy, low ground also harbors more insects.
• Check for poisonous snakes, ticks, mites, scorpions, and stinging ants.
• Look for loose rocks, dead limbs, coconuts, or other natural growth than could
fall on your shelter.
1. Debris Hut
2. Beach Shade Shelter

5. Natural Hallow
3. Caves
6. Fallen Trunk
7. Stone Barriers
4. Bough Shelter
Building Fire without Equipments

1. Flint and Steel
The direct spark method is the easiest of the primitive methods to use. The flint and
steel method is the most reliable of the direct spark methods. Strike a flint or other hard,
sharp-edged rock with a piece of carbon steel (stainless steel will not produce a good spark).
This method requires a loose-jointed wrist and practice. When a
spark has caught in the tinder, blow on it. The spark will spread and
burst into flames.
2. Fire-Plow
The fire-plow is a friction method of ignition. You rub a
hardwood shaft against a softer wood base. To use this method, cut
a straight groove in the base and plow the blunt tip of the shaft up
and down the groove. The plowing action of the shaft pushes out
small particles of wood fibers. Then, as you apply more pressure
on each stroke, the friction ignites the wood particles.
3. Bow and Drill
The technique of starting a fire with a bow and drill is
simple,  but you must exert much effort and be persistent to produce a fire. You need the
following items to use this method:
• Socket: The socket is an easily grasped stone or piece of hardwood or bone with a
slight depression on one side. Use it to hold the drill in place and
to apply downward pressure.
• Drill: The drill should be a straight, seasoned hardwood
stick about 2 centimeters in diameter and 25 centimeters long.
The top end is round and the low end blunt (to produce more
friction).
• Fireboard: Its size is up to you. A seasoned softwood
board about 2.5 centimeters thick and 10 centimeters wide is
preferable. Cut a depression about 2 centimeters from the edge
on one side of the board. On the underside, make a V-shaped
cut from the edge of the board to the depression.
• Bow: The bow is a resilient green stick, about 2.5
centimeters in diameter, and a string. The type of wood is not
important. The bowstring can be any type of cordage. You tie the
bowstring from one end of the bow to the other, without any slack.
To use the bow and drill, first prepare the fire lay. Then place a
bundle of tinder under the V-shaped cut in the fireboard. Place
one foot on the fireboard. Loop the bowstring over the drill and
place the drill in the precut depression on the fireboard. Place
the socket, held in one hand, on the top of the drill to hold it
in position. Press down on the drill and saw the bow back and forth to twirl the drill. Once
you have established a smooth motion, apply more downward pressure and work the bow
faster. This action will grind hot black powder into the tinder, causing a spark to catch. Blow
on the tinder until it ignites.
Note: Primitive fire-building methods are exhaustive. Practice is required to ensure

success.
METHODS OF COOKING WITHOUT UTENSILS

The following are some of the many examples of cooking without utensils.
1. Aluminum Foil Cooking – Cut a piece of foil large enough to fold over the food and allow
enough space along each “open” edge for turning. Wrap it again with foil in the same way
for the 2nd time to serve as its 2nd layer. Place it above coals of fire and turn it over once
during cooking time. Tear off the folded edges and eat from the foil. Be careful not to burn
your finger.
2. Light a fire on a flat stone for 30 minutes. Clear off the stone and fry eggs and bacon on it.
3. Fuji oven – Light a fire in a hole and put stones on it. When the stones become hot, lay
large leaves and place the food. Lay more leaves. Finally, cover it with soil. The food will
cook in six hours.
4. Cooking Rice in Bamboo – Cut a piece of green mature bamboo, keeping intact the nodes
on both ends. Make a split on top for opening. Clean the inside part of the bamboo very well
and half fill it with washed rice. Add water until the tube is almost filled. The ratio is one part
water to every part of rice. Cook over trench or hunter’s fire. Keep it covered until it is cooked.
5. Baked Egg – Pierce the smaller end of the egg with a pin. Place the egg in hot ashes
with the small end facing up and bake it for 10 to 20 minutes. Serve on buttered toast after
seasoning with small amount of pepper or salt. Another method is by wrapping each egg
in a few layers of wet paper or wet leaves and leave them to cook in hot coals for at least
20 minutes.
6. Baked Potatoes or Camotes – Without removing the skin, bury them in hot ashes. Test
in about 20 minutes and judge how much greener they have to be. When done, serve hot
with butter.
7. Potato Bowl – Scoop out a potato, crack in an egg or put cheese in it. Close the top and
cook in embers.
TREE BRANCHES USEFUL AS FIREWOOD
Here are some common kinds of tree branches useful as firewood:
1. ASPEN – This wood is moderately difficult to ignite, has fair cooking characteristics,
throws off a moderate number of sparks, produces very little smoke, and adds nice flavor
to fish and meat.
2. BIRCH – This wood is very easy to ignite, has fair cooking characteristics, throws off a
moderate number of sparks, produces moderate smoke, and adds nice flavor to fish and meat.
3. FIR – This wood is very easy to ignite, has poor cooking characteristics, throws off large
quantities of sparks, produces heavy smoke, and is not advised for cooking
4. MAPLE – This wood is very difficult to ignite, has excellent cooking characteristics, throws
off very few sparks, produces very little smoke, and adds a very nice flavor to fish and meat.
5. OAK – This wood is difficult to start, has excellent cooking characteristics, throws off
very few sparks, produces very little smoke, and adds a nice subtle flavor to fish and meat.
6. PINE – This wood is very easy to ignite, has poor cooking characteristics, throws off large
quantities of sparks, produces heavy smoke, and is not advised for cooking.
7. SPRUCE - This wood is very easy to start has poor cooking characteristics, throws off
large quantities of sparks, produces heavy smoke, and is not advised for cooking.
Catching a Fish in a Pond

There are several methods and techniques in which you can catch a fish in a pond.
1. Improvised Fishhooks
You can make field-
expedient fishhooks from pins,
needles, wire, small nails, or
any piece of metal. You can
also use wood, bone, coconut
shell, thorns, flint, seashell, or
tortoise shell. You can also make
fishhooks from any combination
of these items.
2. Stakeout
A stakeout is a fishing device you can use in a hostile environment. To construct
a stakeout, drive two supple saplings
into the bottom of the lake, pond, or
stream with their tops just below the
water surface. Tie a cord between them
slightly below the surface. Tie two short
cords with hooks or gorges to this cord,
ensuring that they do not wrap around the
poles or each other. They must also not
slip along the long cord. Bait the hooks
or gorges.
3. Gill Net
If a gill net is not available, you can make one using parachute suspension line or a
similar material. Remove the core lines from the suspension line and tie the easing between
two trees. Attach several core lines to the easing by doubling them over and tying them
with prusik knots or girth hitches. The length of the desired net and the size of the mesh
determine the number of core lines used and the space between them. Starting at one end of
the easing, tie the second and the
third core lines together using an
overhand knot. Then tie the fourth
and fifth, sixth and seventh, and
so on, until you reach the last
core line. You should now have
all core lines tied in pairs with a
single core line hanging at each
end. Start the second row with
the first core line, tie it to the
second, the third to the fourth,
and so on.
4. Fish Traps
You may trap fish using several methods. A fish basket is one of them. You can craft
one by lashing several sticks together with vines into a funnel shape. Close the top, leaving
a hole large enough for the fish to swim through.
You can also use traps to catch saltwater fish, as schools regularly approach the
shore with the incoming tide and often move parallel to the shore. Pick a location at high
tide and build the trap at low tide. On rocky shores, use natural rock pools. On coral islands,
use natural pools on the surface of reefs by blocking the openings as the tide recedes. On
sandy shores, use sandbars and the ditches they enclose. Build the trap as a low stonewall
extending outward into the water and forming an angle with the shore.
5. Spear Fishing
If you are near shallow water (about waist deep)
where the fish are large and plentiful, you can spear them.
To make a spear, cut a long straight sapling. Sharpen
the end to a point or attach a knife, jagged piece of
bone, or sharpened metal. You can also make a spear
by splitting the shaft a few inches down from the end and
inserting a piece of wood to act as a spreader. You then
sharpen the two separated halves to points. To spear fish,
find an area where fish either gather or where there is a
fish run. Place the spear point into the water and slowly
move it toward the fish. Then, with a sudden push, impale
the fish on the stream bottom. Do not try to lift the fish with the spear, as it would probably
slip off and escape; hold the spear with one hand and grab the fish with the other. Do not
throw the spear, especially if the point is a knife. You cannot afford to lose a knife in a sur-
vival situation. Be alert to the problems caused by light refraction when looking at objects
in the water.
6. Chop Fishing
At night, in an area with a good fish density, you can use a light to attract fish. Then,
armed with a machete or similar weapon, you can gather fish using the backside of the
blade to strike them. Do not use the sharp side as you will cut them in two pieces and end
up losing some of the fish.
Cleaning a Fish
Do not eat fish that appears spoiled. Cooking does not ensure that spoiled fish will
be edible. Signs of spoilage are:
• Sunken eyes
• Peculiar odor
• Suspicious color (Gills should be red to pink. Scales should be a pronounced
shade of gray, not faded.)
• Dents stay in the fish’s flesh after pressing it with your thumb.
• Slimy, rather than moist or wet body
• Sharp or peppery taste
Eating spoiled or rotten fish may cause diarrhea, nausea, cramps, vomiting, itching,
paralysis, or a metallic taste in the mouth. These symptoms appear suddenly, one to six
hours after eating. Induce vomiting if symptoms appear.
Fish spoils quickly after death, especially on a hot day. Prepare fish for eating as
soon as possible after catching it. Cut the gills and remove large blood vessels that lie near
the spine. Gut fish that is more than 10 centimeters long. Scale or skin the fish.
You can eat the heart and liver. Save the other organs for bait. Cut open the stomach
to see what the fish has been eating, so you can get an idea of what bait to use. If the
stomach is empty, it means that the fish are very hungry, and will bite almost anything. You
can put the head on a large hook and drop it in the water to catch a snapping turtle. Scatter
whatever is left in the water to attract other fish.
You can impale a whole fish on a stick and cook it over an open fire. However, boiling
the fish with the skin on is the best way to get the most food value. The fats and oil are under
the skin. By boiling, you can save the juice for broth. You can use any of the methods used
to cook plant food to cook fish. Pack fish into a ball of clay and bury it in the coals of a fire
until the clay hardens. Break the clay ball open to get the cooked fish. Fish is done when
the meat flakes off. If you plan to keep the fish for later, smoke or fry it. To prepare fish for
smoking, cut off the head and remove the backbone.
Estimation and Measurement

Estimating Time Using the Sun
Let’s say sunrise in your area is around 6 a.m.
and sunset is around 6 p.m. That means that midway
between where the sun rises and sets, it is noon. Just
imagine the whole arch of the sky from horizon to horizon
as 12 hours. That’s because it takes around 12 hours
for the sun to go from one point to the other. (From your
perspective, it will, but we know the sun isn’t moving; the
earth is rotating and so the sun looks like it is moving.)
When the sun is almost directly over your head, the time
will be noon.
Because the sun always rises in the east and sets in the west, you will know that
if the sun is between where it rose and your noon point (overhead), it is still morning. If it
has passed your noon point, it is afternoon. Halfway between the eastern horizon and noon
point is 9 a.m.; halfway between noon and the western horizon is 3 p.m.
It is easy to divide the sky into 12 imaginary sections of one hour each. Just use
the most eastern point as 6 o’clock in the morning, noon as directly overhead, and the most
western point as 6 o’clock in the evening. 9 a.m. and 3 p.m. are halfway between noon and
the eastern and western horizon respectively. You can easily work out the other hours by
dividing into thirds the points you know. (Never look straight at the sun, of course, because
it can damage your eyes.)
With little practice, you can get good at this, but even on your first try you would
probably be more accurate than you thought. You may want to consider the location of the
country where you are and its season, but the times given above are a good average and will
get you close to the right time almost anywhere that is not close to the north or south poles.
Telling Time Using a Sundial

A sundial is a simple, yet accurate, instrument that tells time by the
movement of the shadow a pointer casts upon a dial, which marks the
hours of the day. The shadow moves as the sun changes position in
the sky throughout the day, and the dial tracks this movement.
For a sundial to be accurate, the pointer must be slanted at an angle
equal to the latitude of its location. Vertical pointers are useful at show-
ing the correct time only at one latitude and during one season. Flat
dials must have unequally spaced hour marks on them for accuracy.
MEASURING YOUR STRIDE STEPS

By the Length of your Step
To find the length of your step, first lay out a 100-meter course by using a tape
measure, a meter stick, or a measuring piece of string or rope on the leveled ground. You
can lay out your course in terms of feet, but it is more convenient to use the metric system.
Walk over the course four times from one end to the other end. By following your ordinary
way of walking, count your steps each time you cover the 10-meter course and take the
average number of steps by dividing the total sum of your steps by four, which is the number
of times you covered the course. Then to get the length of your average step, divide 10 by
the average number of steps.
Ave. length per step = 10 meters / (total number of steps / 4)
10-meter
HEIGHT MEASUREMENT - PENCIL METHOD

Let a friend whose height you know stand
against the object that you are measuring. Alternatively,
you can mark your own height on the same object,
or you may also use a scout staff or a pole of known
length. Step back away from the tree and hold a pencil
or a small stick before you, in your outstretched hand.
With one eye closed, measure on the pencil or stick the
height of your friend or the staff or whatever you have
chosen to stand against the tree. This you would have
accomplished if the upper tip of the stick covers the uppermost part of your friend and the
lower tip of the stick covers his feet or the base of the object you are measuring. Then find
out how many times it will take for that same measurement to cover the entire height of the
object you are measuring. Multiply the height of your friend or the length of the staff used
by the number of times it took your thumbnail measurement on the pencil or stick to cover
the entire height of the object you are measuring for you to get its height.
WIDTH MEASUREMENT - NAPOLEON METHOD
This method is usually used if the river is narrow.
Bend your head so that your chin rests on your chest.
Push your hat forward until the front edge of the brim
seems to touch the opposite shore. If you have no hat,
place your hand on your forehead with your palm facing
down so that the front edge of your palm seems to touch
the opposite shore. Standing on the same spot, turn 90°
to your right (make a right face). Transfer the point on which the brim of your hat or the edge
of your hand seemed to touch the opposite bank. Stride it off and find the distance.
Self-Defense Skills
S.O.P. if you are attacked in the street
Escape if you can. Fight if you have to. These are the cardinal rules for dealing with
an attacker. Precisely what you do depends on your strength, your confidence, and your
assessment of the assailant’s intention.
Faced with an armed man who wants your cash, it may be safer to hand it over
rather than to risk getting seriously injured if you put up a fight.
On the other hand, faced with a potential killer or rapist and no way to escape, there
may be nothing left to do but fight. In each situation, be alert for any opportunity to escape
or disable your attacker.
The techniques presented here need some practice, but not extensive training. All
are dangerous-some are lethal. Never use them in earnest except in an emergency.
If you put up a fight, never give a warning; strike swiftly and as hard as you can. Be
ready to repeat the blow or follow up with a different one. Scream and shout as you fight.
Keep on until you can escape or your assailant collapses.
Stomach Jab
1. If an assailant attacks you from behind, with his arms about your neck, the stomach jab
is an effective deterrent. Twist your body slightly, clench your fist and raise your arm.
2. Jab backwards with your elbow into the attackers stomach as hard as you can, aiming
to wind him. This should force him to relax his grip enough for you to break free.
Scrape and Stamp
1. If the stomach jab fails to break his grip, lift a foot and scrape the edge of your shoe
down the front bony part of his shin. Shoes with heels are particularly effective.
2. Stamp hard on the attacker’s foot. This is most effective if you are wearing high heeled
shoes.
Throat Jab
Hold the fingers of one hand rigidly straight and jab them into his throat, using
either the ends of the fingers or the edge of your hand.
The Finger Twist
If he grasps your throat, grasps his little fingers and wrench them up and away
from your neck. This will cause extreme pain and probably break his fingers.
The Knee on the Groin
Move in close and bring your knee up sharply into his groin. This will not work
though, if he is wearing a coat or if he twist away from you.
The Eye Jab
Drop anything you are carrying to free your hands. Make a V with two fingers and
poke them hard into the attacker’s eyes.
Using an Umbrella/Extension weapon
An umbrella or a walking stick makes a powerful defense weapon. Hold it in both
hands and jab it’s and hard into the attacker’s face.
Or jab it into the attacker’s stomach. You can aim the umbrella at his groin and
jab at as hard as you can.

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Chiang Kai Shek College

Prepared and Edited By:

First Edition, 2007

It is recommended to all Scouts not to memorize the topics completely

Handcraft Badge pp. 9 - 20

Outdoors Badge pp. 20 - 32

ANG PANGAKO NG GIRL SCOUT

THE GIRL SCOUT LAW

ANG BATAS NG GIRL SCOUT

SCOUT SIGN AND SCOUT SALUTE

Uses of the Scout Sign:

Meaning of the Scout Sign:

The World Pin

The Junior /Senior Pin

The GSP Investiture Pin

IT IS BETTER NOT TO BE IN UNIFORM THAN TO WEAR ONE THAT WILL

SCOUT CENTER IDENTITY

8. Participate in various activities to promote internalization of values.

V. NEEDLEWORK BADGE (do any of the activities)

IV. LITERARY ARTS BADGE ( do at least 2)

Girl Scouting History

EVOLUTION OF THE PHILIPPINE FLAG

2. An early version of the Katipunan Flag

3. Flag with only one “K” at the center

Troop and Patrol Organization

Twinkler Scout Troops Star Scout Troops

Troop Leader (TL)

Assistant Troop Leader (ATL)

Junior Assistant Scoutmaster (JASM)

Senior Patrol Leader (SPL)

Assistant Senior Patrol Leader (ASPL)

Patrol 1 Patrol 2 Patrol 3 Patrol 4

Patrol Leader (PL)

Standing Part Turn

Figure of Eight Lashing

MOSS METHOD TO FIND NORTH

STARS METHOD TO FIND NORTH

Good Drinking Bad Drinking Underground

Danger Fire Rain Snow Wind

This way Three kilometers

This way Turn around Stop take

End of trail This is the way

Poor motor Rural roads City road

Railroad Fences Electric

Telephone Town Post office Bus stop School

Fireman’s Hospital Temple Church Police station

City / Municipal Cave Buildings Factory

Airport Quarry or Dam River or Wind mill

Brook Spring Pond or lake Highland Sandy

Cornfield Cultivated Grass land

Trees Orchard Forest Area

Direction of travel arrow

TYPES OF SCOUT RACKS

Broad Cravat Semi-Broad Cravat Narrow Cravat

TREATMENT FOR NOSE BLEEDING

TREATMENT FOR CHOKING

THE WORLD TREFOIL