QUICK REVIEW introductions Talk to three other students, Introduce yourself and tell them ‘one thing about: your family, your job/studies and something you enjoy doing in your free time. Vocabulary and Speaking Language ability Choose the correct words in these phrases. Check in CONE 127. 0 b (my)iestVlast language (is) be biingualin/at be fuent an be reasonably good on/at can get to/by in Know aitlertew words of can't speak a word of/with can have/make a conversation speak some... butts alot/bit rusty pick up/offa bit of .. on holiday Choose five phrases from ta. Use them to make sentences about yourself or people you know. My first language fs Russian. ce ‘Work in groups. Take turns to tell each other your sentences. Ask follow-up questions if possible, Reading and Speaking Read the article about learning English around the word. Match headings a-e to paragraphs 1-4. There is one extra heading, English seven days a week ‘A.changing language People's attitude to Englch ‘An English-speaking world ‘Apassport to employment A global language More people speak English than any other language. However, non-native speakers ‘ow greatly outnumber native speakers. Arecont report suggested thatthe number of non-native speakers iad alteady reached 2 billon, whereas there are around 350 millon native speakers of Engish, The Bris Counc predicts within fve years about half the world's population — over 3.5 billion people wil speck English Why such enthusiasm for Engfsh? in {a word, jobs. Engish tas become the dominant anguage of international busines, academic conferences, science and technology and, of course, toxism, Also, about 75% of the world's corespandence i writen in English and 80% of al electronic information s stored in English. According to Dr Jurgen Beneke of the University of Hideshieim in Germany, by far the majorty of interactions in English now take piace between non-native speakers. For example, at a Toyota factory inthe Czech Republic, English was chosen as the working language of the Japanese, French and Caech stat The way that people study English is also changing. In South Karea, for example, ‘he national government nas been ‘bullding Engksh immersion schools a ntry, where teenagers lve in at or up to four Vocabulary language abiity Grammar review ofthe English verb system weeks at atime, In these ‘English vllages students check int their accommodation, 0 shopping, order food, go tothe bank, take cooking classes or acting lessons — all In English, And they appear to enjoy the experience — when we visited one acting class, a student vas pretending to be the fm star Ortzndo Bloom tothe obvious amusement of his classmates, Wl So what haopens toa tanguage when it becomes a world language? It seems that the answer is dificult to predict because this phenomenon has never happened before. Howover, what is already evident is that these new speakers of English aren't just using the language — theyre changing Te Jean Paul Nerire, a former French IBM executive, believes thatthe future of Engish belongs to non-native speakers. For the intemational business community, he always recommends a version ofthe language ‘which he cals “Globish’ — a combination of ‘global’ and English. He describes it as. English without its cultural associations I's. simpler version of the language ‘So for example, speakers of Globish don't use icioms and they definitely don't ry to tall jokes. Ithas a limited vocabulary of about 1,500 words andthe speakers use accurate but uncomplicated sentence structures. Infact, Nerire suggest that native speakers wl need to use Gotish or they may well fe! lft out ofthe conversation!‘a Read the article again. What does it say about these numbers, people and things? 350 million Toyota 3.6 bilion Dr Beneke 75% lmmersion schools Jean Paul Nerriére b Work in pairs. Discuss these questions. 1. Do you think Globish will become more important than standard English? Why?/Why not? 2 How important is English for employment opportunities in your country? Give examples. HELP WITH GRAMMAR Review of the English verb system a Look at the article again. Match the words/phrases in blue to these verb forms, Present Simple speak Past Simple Present Perfect Simple Past Perfect Simple Prasent Continuous Past Continuous Prosent Perfect Continuous Present Simple Passive Past Simple Passive » Fill in the gaps in these rules with continuous, perfect, simple or passive. © We usually use verb forms to talk about things that ate repeated, permanent or completed © We usually use rb forms to talk about things that are in progress, temporary or unfinished © We usually use verb forms to talk about things that connect two different time periods (the past and the present, etc.) © We usually use ‘verb forms when we focus on what happens to someone or something rather than who or what does the action, © Look at the verb forms in pink in the article. Which are activity verbs? Which are state verbs? Then choose the correct word in this rule. © We don't usually use activty/state verbs in continuous verb forms, Check in EEMITEEEEI 128. Ed Work in pairs. Name the verb forms in bold in these pairs of sentences. Discuss the difference in meaning between a and b in each pair. 1 ‘a They studied Portuguese for three years. They've studied Portuguese for three years. Kemal often watches DVDs. Kemal’s watching a DVD at the moment. Jo did her homework when | Jo was doing her homework wine got home. She teaches English She's teaching Engish while she's in Berlin. When we got there, the class started. When we got there, the class had started Antonio repaired his car last week. ‘Antonio's car was repaired last week home. 1 Choose the correct verb forms | \@art63)/ve started studying Spanish after |? went/was going to Argentina on holiday last year. | never beeninever went to South America before and | couldn't speak a word of Spanish While | “had traveled/was traveling around the country, I Spicked! yp/was picking up enough words and phrases to get by. | toic/iwas told that my pronunciation was/was being quite good, so when | got home | 8decidediwas deciding to learn Spanish property A friend Srecommended/was recommended a school and | go/’ve bean going there for about six months. | aways enjay/’m always enjoying the lessons and the language “teaches/is taught in an interesting way. | ‘°think/thought that | “im leamning/'ve learned a lot since | started, It's not all fun, though ~ at the moment | "Sstudy/'m studying for my first exam! b EE: Listen and check. Get ready .. Tum to ptt0. Get it right!Vocabulary and Speaking Education Ea Work in pairs. What is the difference between Vocabulary education Grammar uses of auxiliaries Open learning these words/phrases? Check new words/phrases in pt27. an undergraduate, a griduate, a postgraduate a siibect, a médule, a course an éssay, an assignment, a dissertation a mark, continuous assssment, a progress report tito, a lecturer, a proféssor atutbval, a séminar, alécture fees, a student San, a schdlarship 8 adegrée, a Master's, a PhO TIP * We only show the main stress (in words/ phrases, b Choose six words/phrases in 1a that are connected to you or people you know. Then work in pairs. Tell each other why you chose those words. Ask follow-up questions, Map troraacunsvecasert. ol [Ose Sister’ doing'a postgraduate course, | shesudying? KE Uisten again. Fillin gaps a-f with one word 1. J888 You're doing an Open University course, aren't you? TONY Yes, Lam ~at long last. It’s something I've Speaking and Listening wanted to do for * Bi « Work in groups. Do you agree with these 2 J What course are you doing? 1 Fimdoing a* in computing and IT. statements? Why?/Why not? SNe OOS OTE TE 3. J Oh, was told you're really enjoying it. 1. You can't get a good job without a degree. T Tam, but I have to say I found the first few 2 Universities don't necessarily prepare you for employment. ¢ THRs 3. Online universities have more advantages than J So does everyone at the beginning, Don't worty, it traditional universities, y Binning, does get easier. ROUND elo RSS ec ot bia nace» wlaxioravy dom a yeat daha a . Jess. Listen to their conversation. Who talks about Sometimes I don © theirbusiness degree? J Nor dol. © their computer and IT course? 5 1 Your Aunt Gayle was hoping to do her frst Sees en ame piggy Mlonrves- aca ok ge online support fom tutors? ii Wee 6 J Do you think you'll have finished your degree by the end of next year? ¥ No, I don’t. But V'm quite optimistic ~I vhink at the rate I’m going, I should finish before my birthday! ible stugy programmes? © their student loan’? © how longHELP WITH GRAMMAR Uses of auxiliaries AUXILIARIES IN VERE FORMS a Look again at Tony and Jess's sentences in 3, Name the verb forms in blue. ‘ve wanted — Present Perfect b_ Which of the verb forms in biue in 8 have auxiliaries? Which two verb forms don’t have auxiliaries? © Complete these rules with be, do or have. © We make continuous verb forms with: + vetoing. © We make perfect verb forms with: + past participle © We make passive verb forms with: + past participle, © nthe Present Simple and Past Simple we use a form of to make questions and negatives, TIP + We also use modal verbs (wil, would, can, could, etc.) as auxliaries: 1 (= wil) have fnished my degree by next year @ Check in EEIMIIEREP p29. OTHER USES OF AUXILIARIES a Look at these other uses of auxiliaries. Match the phrases in pink in 3 to a-f. @ aquestion tag aren't you? toad emphasis ‘short answer to a yes/no question to say it's the same for you or other people with so or nor to avoid repeating a verb or phrase lan echo question to show interest b Check in p29. HELP WITH LISTENING Contractions © In'spoken English we often contract the auxiliaries arn, are, is, have, has, had, will and would. We also contract negatives (don't, wasn't, won't, etc). a Ells Listen to these pairs of sentences. ‘Which do you hear first? 1a She's made it, She madi it. 2 a Held started it b He startod it, 3 a Youre taught it You taught 4 a Ielostit. b Hiostit, 5 a Well watch it b Wewatch it 6 a I wont buyit. I want to buy it. b [EMI Listen and write five sentences. You will hear each sentence twice, ‘© Work in pairs. Compare sentences. Which auxiliaries are contracted in each sentence? ‘a_ Jess phoned her uncle Tony last night. Fill in the gaps in their conversation with the correct positive or ‘negative auxiliaries. Use contractions where possible. TONY Hello, Jess. Your aunt and I talking about you a minute ago. just Jess How? everything going? * you finished your essay yet? T Yes,14 - finally handed it in yesterday, bur it really 5 take ages to write! J You worked really hard on that, © you? Yes,17 - By the way, [hear you 8 met someone new. A guy called Tim. 2 that right? 1 Yes, it 1 ‘going to tell anyone. 1 trying to keep it a secret. Honestly, this family! 2 ‘Aunt Gayle tell you? 1 No, she «Te was your mum. J You haven't told anyone else, !8 you? 1 No, 1'6 well, only your cousin Nicky. J Ohno, not Nicky! 17 out who itis. That’ a disaster! hope she doesn't find 7 ie Why? she know this guy? x he a student too? J No, he 2! . But she 22 know him, he’s Nicky's ex-boyfriend! b [EBM s Listen and check. Change these sentences to avoid repeating verbs or phrases. 1. I don't speak German, but my younger brother speake-German, does lan didn't go to college, but his sister went to college. My parents haven't been there, but we've been there, Penny doesn't like golf, but her brothers tke got. We're not going out tonight, but they're going out tonight. Tom enjoyed the play, but | didn’t enjay the play. Get ready ... Get it right! ‘a Work in pairs. Choose one of these situations or invent your own. Then write a one-minute conversation between the people. Include at least five different uses of auxiliaries from 4¢ and Sa. ‘¢ two students who are sharing a house ‘© two friends who are lost on their way to a party © a couple trying to decide where to go on holiday © two students talking about their school, college or university b Practise the conversation with your partner. ‘Work in groups of four with another pair. Take ‘turns to role-play your conversations. Guess the relationship between the people.sate NSU lem VDE VEE Getting results Speaking, Reading and Vocabulary ‘a Work in groups. Make a list of positive and negative things about exams. b Read the magazine article. Choose the best title A-C. Which, if any, of the things on your list in 41a are mentioned in the article? A All exams are a necessary evi 8 Exams discourage creativity ©. Exams are no longer necessary ‘a Read the article again. Tick the true Vocabulary verb patterns (1) Skills Reading: an article Listening: stories about exams sentences. Correct the false ones. The writer thinks that 1. children are tested at too young an age. 2. parents should make their children study harder for exams. there is no value in exams. ‘our educational system encourages original thinking. '5 schools can't ever prepare students for the future, 6 exams aren't the only way to evaluate ability 7. some talented children go unnoticed. b Work in pairs. Compare answers. Do you agree with the arguments in the article? Why2/Why not? Pee ate) looks at the relationship between testing and creativity | remember spending hours worst thing you can make.” He in exam rooms pouring out facts says we have to stop thinking this doesn’t mean they are a failure. that had squeezed into my brain way. We are, after all, supposed They might be a brillant inventor because a child fails an exam the night before, That is what to be educating children for the or computer programmer, a exams force us todo. I's an future, but we have no idea what wonderful singer or comedian. input-output model and there is today’s kids will noc to do in Stil, most of us continue generally only aright or a wrong their working lives. To prepare to believe we can only achieve answer, However, according to. them, Robinson believes we success through passing more ave you ever stopped to educationalist Ken Robinson, ‘if should try to develop learning _—_and more examns when there consides how stessful school you're not prepared to be wrong, environments where they are are so many who manage lite is becoming because of tests you will never come up with encouraged to be creative and to succeed without them, and exams? Why on earth do we anything original... and we are discover things for themselves. Try googling the biographies of rmoke kids do tests in their second running national educational We should also remember to young entrepreneurs such as year of primary school? This just systems where mistakes are the see them as individuals. Just ‘Adam Hildreth, who started encourages parents to pile on the pressure. | know seven-year als who have pavat tution ‘LENCE hiolp them pass their maths test! roa And there are parents who coach their three-year-olds so they con perform wel in their interview for the ‘ight nursery schoo!’ How do you interview a three-year-old? “1 See fiom your Cy, young Tom, you didn't do very much inthe fist six months of your lif. Why was that" | also know parents who don't alow their children to go © out neat exam time. They exect them to stay in and study every night and they suse to let them play sport, watch 1V or listen to ‘music. No wonder kids sent having to do exams. a social networking site called Dubit Limited when he was fourteen and ended up being worth millions. Obviously, he believed he could achieve his goals without passing the right exams. his motivation came from doing Something he wanted to do, he enjoyed being creative. ‘Of course, no one wants to fly with a pilot or be treated by a doctor who hasn‘t proved their ability by passing exams However, how many more Adam Hildreth are siting in casssooms ‘around the word just being tested and tested instead of being discovered? Surely education should encourage, nat discourage cecativity?HELP WITH VOCABULARY Verb patterns (1) a Look at the verbs in blue in the article. Write the infinitive forms of these verbs in the table. 1 | make | + object + infinitive 2 | encourage aT + object + " | infinitive with to > 3 Jean | + infinitive $4 |retuse + infinitive : | with to resent +verbting b Write these verbs in the table in 3a. Some verbs can go in more than one place. | avoid would rather prefer keep let start | seem should plan ask hope regret don't mind finish forget love tke pay hate begin convince miss persuade decide hadbetter teach pretend continue 2 © Look at the verbs in pink in the article. Match the verb forms to the meanings. 1) stop + verb+ing 2 stop + infinitive with to ‘2 slop something that you were doing 'b_ stop doing one thing in order to do something cise 3 remember + verbsing 4 remember + infinitive with to © make-a mental note to do something in the future remember something that you did before 8 try + verbting 6 try + infinitive with to ‘¢ make an effort to do something difficut ' ‘experiment or do something in order to solve ‘problem Check in pi27. EB Work in pairs. Student A p104. Student B p107. Eh Gite Work in pairs. Look at pictures A and B. What do you think is happening in each one? Listen and check your answers, 1 a Listen again. write six words/phrases to help you remember each story. b Work in pairs. Write five questions about each story. What exam did Henry take? © Work in new pairs. Choose one story each. Take turns to ask and answer each other's questions from 6b. HELP WITH LISTENING Sentence stress and rhythm © In spoken English we usually only stress the words that give the main information, This gives English its natural rhythm. @ [EGIIF7 Listen to the beginning of the first exam story. Notice the stressed words, My warst exam miment héppened whén | was caught chiating by my mim attra history exém, | aly ed history classes, but | didn't have a very good memory. b Work in pairs. Look again at 7a. Which parts of speech are usually stressed? adjectives © Look at the next part of the story. Which words do you think are stressed? ‘$6 on the mérming of the exam | wrote loads of important facts land figures on the insides of my shirt cuffs, | made sure that | got to the exam room really early 60 | could sit at the back. Eto Listen and check. @ Look at Audio Script [EEYJF6 p157. Listen to Henry's story again. Notice the sentence stress and rhythm, [El Work in groups. Discuss these questions, 1. What was the last exam you did? How did you feel before, during and after it? 2 What was the hardest exam you've ever taken? 8 Have you ever done an oral exam? What was it ke? 4 Do you know any other interesting or funny stories about exams? If so, tell the group.rae) about yourself: stop, start, encourage, hope, prefer, persuade, help, remembe refuse, try, forget. Work in pairs. Ta setae ag ecats questions. A / stopped smoking last year. ee aad Meena Day El Work in groups. Discuss these questions. cLass Real World keeping a conversation going Pap! Eres Monday Ballroom dancing Level 2 + Can you do evening cl Digital photography Level 1 city? Ifso, where? Zumba Level 2 2 Have you, or has done any evering Tuesday Jewellery making Suitable for all Did yourthey enjoy the Caan a Web design evel 1 3. Look at the advert. Would you like to do any z ve ofthese evening classes? Wednesday Carpentry Level 1 C Suitable forall B a We: Watch or listen to a Level 3 conversation between two friends, Chloe and Sophie. Then tick the evening classes that Chioe is doing, b Watch or listen again. Then answer these questions. 1 How long ago did Chloe and Sophie last meet up? Nhat did Chloe han creative writin 0 do in her last 3. Why did she decide to do a photogre 4 Why he find the evening classes helpful? 5 What does Sophie do on a Friday evenin 6 How long is Sophie going to be in the US? {REAL WORLD Keeping a conversation going We ot ‘ort questions to keep a conversation going and to show interest. a Fill in the gaps in short questions 1-10 with these words. nat mean going as that lke How's it ? 6 What are you doing? Why's ? 7 Such 2 Like 8 How How do you 2 ° 2 What's the teacher 2 10 of b Fillin the gaps in these parts of the conversation with a preposition. SOPHIE I go every Friday night. CHLOE Really? Who 2 sortie I'm off to the US on Sunday CHLOE Are you? How long 2 TIP * We also use echo questions (Chloe it's ‘even more difficult than creative writing, Sophie 1s it?) and questions with question tags (It’s been ages, hasn't it?) to keep a conversation going, © Check in EINE 120ED ® Bat 0 Listen to eign sentences. For each sentence you hear, complete these short questions witha preposition, 1 Who 2 5 Who 2 2 Where 2 6 Who 2 3 Who ? 7 How long 2 4 What 2 8 What 2 ‘questions stressed or unstressed? Read the next part of Sophie and Chioe’s Conversation. Fillin the gaps with one word, SoHE First; 'm going to my cousin's wedding in New York CHLOE you? Who? ? S My brother, Dave. I'm rather nervous about the whole thing, though © Really? How} ? 8 Dave and I don't really get on particularly well, © How do you 4 ? S Er, we tend to argue quite a lor © Yes, families can be difficult, 5 they? What § are you doing? S After the wedding I'm going on a trip that my friend Mike's organised c? you? Whar of trip? 5 We're going walking in the Rockies, © How long? 2 S Five days. Oh, I can't wait! And you? Got any holiday plans? © No, no holidays this year, I'm afraid, S Why's 10 ? © Te put in an offer on a flat and I'm saving up. S Wow! What's it ! 2 © Well, it needs a lot of work doing to it S Such #2 2 © Oh, er... everything! b Work in pairs. Compare answers, ® Choose a topic and decide what you want to say. ® something you are/aren't looking forward to ® your work or studies ® @ place you love going to * something interesting you've done latoly ® your plans for next weekend b Work in pairs. Take turns to start a conversation with the topics from 6a. Ask each other questions to keep the conversation going, Use language from 3. 11 Listen and check, Are prepositions in short HELP WITH PRONUNCIATION ‘Sounds (1): final letters se ‘2 Work in pairs. How do you say the final letters se in these words, /s/ or /2/? 1 promise / / house/ / purse / / Purpose // sense / / 2 advertise/ / nolse/ / vase/ / 3 doseu/ 7 dosead:/ / usev./ / usen/ / b EIB 12 Listen and check. Then practise © Look at the words in 1a again. Complete rules a-owith /5/ or /2/. @ -$e=/ / after the sounds /i/ /au/ /s:/ /a/ /n/ b -se=/ / ater the sounds /at/ />1/ /a:/ © When a verb has the same form as a noun or adjective 7 710 verbs and / / in nouns and adjectives 2 EET 19 Look at the final se in pink. Which Sound is different? Listen and check. 1 advise excuse v. realise license close v. 2 closeadi, exercise practise excuse n. purchase 3 Use. organise usen. refuse noise 'b Work in pairs and take turns to say these sentences. 1 | apologise. | dict realise I had to practise this exercise, 2 Excuse me, but there's no excuse for parking 0 close tomy house, 3. It doesn't make sense to refuse the use of the vase. continue2learn ® Vocabulary, Grammar and Real World = Extra Practice 1 and Progress Portfolio 1 pit5 = Language Summary 4 p127 = 1A-D Workbook ps ® Self-study DVD-ROM 1 with Review Video @ Reading and Writing "= Portfolio 1 Planning and drafting Workbook p64 Reading an article about learning languages Writing plannir }ODGOINE wi banner INJIZNICA - OSUEK —