Prepared For:

Example Client

SAMPLE EVALUATION & Field Sample Reference Code:

COMPARATIVE MARKET #######

ANALYSIS Winkler County, Texas

August 14, 2017

CLIENT PROPERTY
CORE #-- DEPTH: #’-##’

DETERMINATION OF VIABILITY
FOR USE AS API COMPLIANT
FRAC SAND
(API RP 19C)
August 14, 2017

Mr. John Doe

Example Client
123 ABC Lane
Austin, TX 78746

Dear Mr. Doe,

Preliminary testing of the Core #-- sample, as requested by Example Client, was performed to
determine its viability for use as frac sand. A series of sieve tests were carried out on a washed
sample, gathered at a depth range of #-## feet, to generate a full grain size distribution profile
using 14 US standard mesh sizes. The sample was split into 40/70 and 70/140 API designated
size ranges, and tested to determine roundness/sphericity, bulk density, and turbidity. The results
of these tests are summarized on the following pages.

A Comparative Market Analysis is contained within this report that provides an overview of the
properties of the submitted sample relative to published data from major suppliers of sand
proppants.

It has been a pleasure to assist Example Client with this analysis. Please call or email if you
have any questions or need clarification.

Sincerely, Certified By:

Lonquist & Co., LLC
Texas Registration No. F-8952

Stephen L. Pattee, P.G.

Petroleum and Mining Engineer
Lonquist & Co., LLC
3345 Bee Cave Road, Suite 201
Austin, Texas, USA 78746
Date Signed: 8/1/2017

Nathaniel L. Byars, P.E.

Staff Engineer
Texas License No. 118890
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Example Client Page 2 of 16

Contents
Background: .................................................................................................................................... 3
Procedures: ...................................................................................................................................... 4
Summary of Results ........................................................................................................................ 6
Table 1: Tabular Summary of All Tests Performed.................................................................... 6
Comparative Market Analysis ........................................................................................................ 7
Figure 1: Comparison of Properties of 40/70 Mesh Sample to Current Published Data ............ 7
Figure 2: Comparison of Properties of 70/140 Mesh Sample to Current Published Data .......... 8
Results ............................................................................................................................................. 9
Table 2: Tabular data for Washed Sample Test Results ............................................................. 9
Figure 3: Sieve Analysis of Washed Sample ............................................................................ 10
Figure 4: Sieve Analysis, Bulk Density & Turbidity - API 40/70 Mesh Sample ..................... 11
Figure 5: Krumbien/Sloss Sphericity and Roundness - API 40/70 Mesh Sample.................... 12
Figure 6: Additional Sample Images - API 40/70 Mesh Sample.............................................. 13
Figure 7: Sieve Analysis, Bulk Density & Turbidity - API 70/140 Mesh Sample ................... 14
Figure 8: Krumbien/Sloss Sphericity and Roundness - API 70/140 Mesh Sample.................. 15
Figure 9: Additional Sample Images - API 70/140 Mesh Sample............................................ 16
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Example Client Page 3 of 16

Background:
This sample was collected during the drilling of Test Core #-- on the Client property in Winkler
County, Texas on March 25, 2017. Drilling was performed using a sonic drilling rig to collect a
continuous core sample from the formation. Core was retrieved in approximately ten-foot
sections, evaluated and catalogued by an on-site geoscientist, and packaged for storage/shipping.
Core holes were drilled until red-bed clay or caliche was encountered.

The below stratigraphic column depicts geologic assessments made in the field and highlights
the segment of core that was mixed and sampled for the purpose of this analysis. It has been
assigned a Field Sample Reference Code (SRC) of: ###### - #-- – #’-##’

Sand Sample No. ##

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Example Client Page 4 of 16

Instructions were to perform preliminary testing to determine the viability of the sand source for
use as proppant material in hydraulic fracturing. A Comparative Market Analysis has been
provided to convey an indication of the suitability of the properties tested relative to published
data from major suppliers of raw sand proppant (not resin-coated).

Procedures:
It is typical to weigh, dry, and reweigh the sample to determine percent moisture; however,
foreign water content was introduced to the sample during drilling, invalidating the utility of this
metric. Instead, testing began with light milling of clumped material and washing of the sample
over a 200 mesh sieve in order to provide a general representation of a product that has been
processed in a wash plant, with regard to removal of fines content (clay and silt) and oversize
content (from clustering due to clay cementation and organic sediment). Prior to, and after
washing, the sample was dried and weighed to provide a mass loss percentage indicating the
ratio of material that is likely to be removed in the field during processing. The sample was then
reduced through a riffle splitter to obtain a random sample for further testing.

A sieve analysis was performed through a series of tests utilizing a total of 14 US designated
mesh sizes. The sample was split into two API designated size ranges, 40/70 and 70/140 as
indicated in the below table. A random sampling of the material from each of these samples was
then used to determine bulk density, turbidity, and sphericity/roundness.
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Example Client Page 5 of 16

For the sphericity and roundness analysis, twenty (20) particles were randomly selected from a
micrograph of each sample to determine average particle shape. Each particle was compared to
reference charts depicting geometries with numerically calculated values, such as the
Krumbien/Sloss charts shown below. Any visual evidence of particle clustering due to
cementation from carbonates or clays was also noted in this analysis, as it may affect particle
size distribution and bulk density results and also lead to elevated turbidity.
Sphericity

Roundness

W. C. Krumbein Roundness Chart

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Example Client Page 6 of 16

Summary of Results
Table 1: Tabular Summary of All Tests Performed

Results Summary

Field Sample Name HR-SH7 - #11No.- 0'-17'

Sand Sample ##

Field Sample Reference Code 2017-0525-HR-SH7

Reference No.- ##
#11 - 0'-17'
Post-Wash Mass Loss 10.1%
Mean Particle Diameter 0.222 mm
Median Particle Diameter 0.210 mm
Silica Content (wt %) SiO2 not tested

Mesh Size Cut (API RP 19C) 40/70 70/140

% In-size (wt %) 46.5% 49.1%
% Over-size (wt %) 1.7% 48.2%
% Fines (wt %) 51.8% 2.6%
Krumbein Roundness 0.6 0.6
Krumbein Sphericity 0.7 0.7
3
(lbs/ft ) 92.1 90.0
Bulk Density 3
(g/cm ) 1.48 1.44
Turbidity (FTU) 10 11.1
Crush Resistance Factor psi not tested not tested
2,000 psi not tested not tested
4,000 psi not tested not tested
6,000 psi not tested not tested
Conductivity
8,000 psi not tested not tested
10,000 psi not tested not tested
12,000 psi not tested not tested
2,000 psi not tested not tested
4,000 psi not tested not tested
6,000 psi not tested not tested
Permeability
8,000 psi not tested not tested
10,000 psi not tested not tested
12,000 psi not tested not tested
Specific Gravity not tested not tested
Acid Solubility (wt %) not tested not tested
 Acid Solubility Turbidity Bulk Density Sphericity Roundness Crush K-Factor
g/cm3 g/cm3 psi

0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8

0.0%
1.0%
2.0%
3.0%
4.0%
5.0%
1.20
1.30
1.40
1.50
1.60

50
100
150
200
250
0K
2K
4K
6K
8K
10 K
12 K
Not
0.0%Tested 10 1.48 0.7 0.6 Not
0 K Tested HR-SH7 - #11 - 0'-17'
Unimin Unifrac
Farimount Texas Gold
Fairmount Northern White

Max API allowance

US Silica Premium Hickory Physical Properties
US Silica White
Unimin Unifrac Brady

Max API allowance

allowance
Min API
allowance
Min API
Comparative Market Analysis

md-ft md-ft md-ft md-ft md-ft md-ft

0
0
0
0
0
0

1,200
1,200
1,600

100
200
300
100
200
300
400
200
400
600
200
400
600
800
300
600
900
400
800
Not
0 Tested Not
0 Tested Not
0 Tested Not
0 Tested Not
0 Tested Not
0 Tested HR-SH7 - #11 - 0'-17'
Unimin Unifrac
HR-SH7Reference

Not Advertised Farimount Texas Gold

Not Advertised Fairmount Northern White
- #11 - 0'-17'

Conductivity

Not Advertised Not Advertised US Silica Premium Hickory

Example Client

US Silica White

8,000 psi
6,000 psi
4,000 psi
2,000 psi

12,000 psi
10,000 psi
Unimin Unifrac Brady
No. ## - 40/70
SRC: ##### - #-- – #’-##’

Darcys Darcys Darcys Darcys Darcys Darcys

Comparative Market Analysis - 40/70 Mesh Size

0
5
0
5
0
0
0
0

10
15
20
10
15
20
25
10
20
30
15
30
45
60
20
40
60
80
25
50
75
100

Not
0 Tested Not
0 Tested Not
0 Tested Not
0 Tested Not
0 Tested Not
0 Tested HR-SH7 - #11 - 0'-17'
Unimin Unifrac
Not Advertised Farimount Texas Gold
Not Advertised Fairmount Northern White
Permeability

Not Advertised Not Advertised US Silica Premium Hickory

US Silica White

8,000 psi
6,000 psi
4,000 psi
2,000 psi

12,000 psi
10,000 psi
Unimin Unifrac Brady
Figure 1: Comparison of Properties of 40/70 Mesh Sample to Current Published Data
Page 7 of 16
8/14/2017
 Acid Solubility Turbidity Bulk Density Sphericity Roundness Crush K-Factor
g/cm3 g/cm3 psi

0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8

0.0%
1.0%
2.0%
3.0%
4.0%
5.0%
1.20
1.30
1.40
1.50
1.60

50
100
150
200
250
0K
2K
4K
6K
8K
10 K
12 K
14 K
Not
0.0%Tested 11 1.44 0.7 0.6 Not
0 K Tested HR-SH7 - #11 - 0'-17'
Hi Crush Wyeville 50/140
Hi Crush Blair 50/140
Hi Crush Whitehall 50/140

Max API allowance

Not Advertised Preferred Genoa 50/140
Not Advertised
Physical Properties

Not Advertised Mississippi Sand 50/140

Not Advertised Not Advertised Not Advertised BadgerFrac T-Grd. 50/140

allowance
allowance

Max API
Min API
allowance
Min API
md-ft md-ft md-ft md-ft md-ft md-ft

0
0
0
0
0
0

50
75

100
150
200
150
225
300
100
200
300
400
100
200
300
400
500
150
300
450
600
200
400
600
800
Not
0 Tested Not
0 Tested Not
0 Tested Not
0 Tested Not
0 Tested Not
0 Tested HR-SH7 - #11 - 0'-17'
Not Advertised Not Advertised Hi Crush Wyeville 50/140
HR-SH7 -Reference

Not Advertised Not Advertised Hi Crush Blair 50/140

Not Advertised Hi Crush Whitehall 50/140
#11 - 0'-17'

Conductivity

Not Advertised Not Advertised Preferred Genoa 50/140

Example Client

Not Advertised Not Advertised Mississippi Sand 50/140

8,000 psi
6,000 psi
4,000 psi
2,000 psi

12,000 psi
10,000 psi
Not Advertised BadgerFrac T-Grd. 50/140
SRC: ##### - #-- – #’-##’

No. ##- 70/140

Darcys Darcys Darcys Darcys Darcys Darcys

Comparative Market Analysis - 100 Mesh Size

0
3
5
8
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
0

10
10
15
10
15
20
10
15
20
25
10
20
30
10
20
30
40

Not
0 Tested Not
0 Tested Not
0 Tested Not
0 Tested Not
0 Tested Not
0 Tested HR-SH7 - #11 - 0'-17'
Not Advertised Not Advertised Hi Crush Wyeville 50/140
Not Advertised Not Advertised Hi Crush Blair 50/140
Not Advertised Hi Crush Whitehall 50/140
Not Advertised
Permeability

Not Advertised Preferred Genoa 50/140

Not Advertised Not Advertised Mississippi Sand 50/140

8,000 psi
6,000 psi
4,000 psi
2,000 psi

Not Advertised

12,000 psi
10,000 psi
BadgerFrac T-Grd. 50/140
Figure 2: Comparison of Properties of 70/140 Mesh Sample to Current Published Data
Page 8 of 16
8/14/2017
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Results
Table 2: Tabular data for Washed Sample Test Results

Sieve Analysis of Washed Sample

HR-SH7 - #11No.
Sand Sample - 0'-17'
##

Field Sample Reference Code: 2017-0525-HR-SH7

Reference No.-##
#11 - 0'-17'

US Standard Sieve Mesh Size Weight %

No. mm inches Retained Cumlulative
8 2.360 0.0937 0.0 0.0
16 1.180 0.0469 0.0 0.0
30 0.600 0.0234 0.0 0.0
40 0.425 0.0165 1.7 1.7
45 0.355 0.0139 3.0 4.7
50 0.300 0.0117 6.8 11.5
60 0.250 0.0098 15.2 26.7
70 0.212 0.0083 21.5 48.2
80 0.180 0.0070 23.1 71.3
100 0.150 0.0059 17.2 88.6
120 0.125 0.0049 6.7 95.2
140 0.106 0.0041 2.1 97.4
170 0.090 0.0035 1.3 98.6
200 0.075 0.0029 1.3 99.9
Pan < 0.075 < 0.0029 0.1 100.0

Mean Particle Diameter Currently Marketed Percentage of Sample

Mesh Sizes within Range
0.222 mm
30/50 11.5
30/60 26.7
Median Particle Diameter 30/70 48.2
40/70 46.5
0.210 mm
40/80 69.6
40/140 95.6
Post-Wash Mass Loss 45/140 92.7
50/140 85.9
10.07%
70/140 49.1

Sample Processing Method:

- Sample was washed and dried prior to all testing in order to provide a general representation of a product that
has been processed in a wash plant, with regard to removal of fines content (clay and silt) and oversize content
(from clustering due to clay cementation and organic sediment).
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Example Client Page 10 of 16

Figure 3: Sieve Analysis of Washed Sample

Particle Size Distribution

HR-SH7 - #11
Sand Sample No. -##0'-17' - 8/200 Mesh Analysis

Test Sample Code: 2017-0525-HR-SH7

R f N - ##
#11 - 0'-17' - 8/200

US Standard Mesh Size Mesh Size Weight %

Sieve No. (mm) (inches) Retained Cumlulative
8 2.360 0.0937 0.0 0.0
16 1.180 0.0469 0.0 0.0
30 0.600 0.0234 0.0 0.0
40 0.425 0.0165 1.7 1.7
45 0.355 0.0139 3.0 4.7
50 0.300 0.0117 6.8 11.5
60 0.250 0.0098 15.2 26.7
70 0.212 0.0083 21.5 48.2
80 0.180 0.0070 23.1 71.3
100 0.150 0.0059 17.2 88.6
120 0.125 0.0049 6.7 95.2
140 0.106 0.0041 2.1 97.4
170 0.090 0.0035 1.3 98.6
200 0.075 0.0029 1.3 99.9
Pan < 0.075 < 0.0029 0.1 100.0

98.6 99.9 100.0

97.4
100% 95.2

88.6
90%

80%
Percent Weight Retained by Sieve

71.3
70%

60% % Weight Retained

48.2 % Weight Retained Culmulative

50%

40%

30% 26.7
23.1
21.5
17.2
20% 15.2
11.5
10% 6.8 6.7
4.7
3.0
1.7 2.1 1.3 1.3
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1
0%
Pan
8

16

30

40

45

50

60

70

80

100

120

140

170

200

US Standard Sieve No.

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Example Client Page 11 of 16

Figure 4: Sieve Analysis, Bulk Density & Turbidity - API 40/70 Mesh Sample

Particle Size Distribution

HR-SH7 - #11
Sand Sample - 0'-17' - 40/70 Mesh Analysis
No. ##

Test Sample Code: 2017-0525-HR-SH7

Reference No.-##
#11 - 0'-17' - 40/70

US Standard Mesh Size Mesh Size Weight %

Sieve No. (mm) (inches) Retained Cumlulative
30 0.600 0.0234 0.0 0.0
40 0.425 0.0165 1.7 1.7
45 0.355 0.0139 3.0 4.7
50 0.300 0.0117 6.8 11.5
API 40/70
60 0.250 0.0098 15.2 26.7
70 0.212 0.0083 21.5 48.2
100 0.150 0.0059 40.4 88.6
pan < 0.15 < 0.0059 11.4 100.0

% Over-size 1.7
% Fines 51.8
% In-size 46.5

100.0
100%
% Weight Retained 88.6
90%
% Weight Retained Culmulative
80%
Percent Weight Retained by Sieve

70%

60%
48.2
50%
40.4
40%

30% 26.7
21.5
20% 15.2
11.5 11.4
10% 6.8
4.7
3.0
1.7
0.0
0%
30

40

45

50

60

70

pan
100

US Standard Sieve No.

1.48 g/cm3
Bulk Density
92.1 lb/ft3

10.3 FTU
Turbidity
Passes API RP-19C ≤ 250
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Figure 5: Krumbien/Sloss Sphericity and Roundness - API 40/70 Mesh Sample

Sphericity and Roundness

2017-0525-HR-SH-7 #11 0'-17' - 40/70 Shape Analysis
Sand Sample No. ##

Test Sample Code: 2017-0525-HR-SH-7 #11 0'-17' - 40/70

Reference No. ##

Sphericity Roundness
Grain No.
Y X
1 0.7 0.5
2 0.7 0.5
3 0.5 0.5
4 0.7 0.6
5 0.9 0.6
6 0.9 0.6
7 0.9 0.7
8 0.9 0.6
9 0.7 0.5
10 0.7 0.5
11 0.9 0.6
12 0.5 0.6
13 0.7 0.6
14 0.5 0.5
15 0.9 0.5
16 0.7 0.5
17 0.7 0.6
18 0.9 0.6
19 0.7 0.6
20 0.5 0.7

Average 0.7 0.6

API RP-19C ≤ 0.6 Passes Passes

Clusters
None observed in field of count
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Figure 6: Additional Sample Images - API 40/70 Mesh Sample

Observations: Quartz grains vary from glassy to opaque with a few exhibiting light-yellow
staining. A few orange and dark rust colored grains (non-quartz) appear periodically.
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Figure 7: Sieve Analysis, Bulk Density & Turbidity - API 70/140 Mesh Sample

Particle Size Distribution

HR-SH7
Sand Sample- No.
#11##- 0'-17' - 70/140 Mesh Analysis

Test Sample Code: 2017-0525-HR-SH7

R f N - #11
## - 0'-17' - 70/140

US Standard Mesh Size Mesh Size Weight %

Sieve No. (mm) (inches) Retained Cumlulative
50 0.300 0.0117 11.5 11.5
70 0.212 0.0083 36.7 48.2
80 0.180 0.0070 23.1 71.3
100 0.150 0.0059 17.2 88.6
API 70/140
120 0.125 0.0049 6.7 95.2
140 0.106 0.0041 2.1 97.4
200 0.075 0.0029 2.5 99.9
pan < 0.075 < 0.0029 0.1 100.0

% Over-size 48.2
% Fines 2.6
% In-size 49.1

99.9 100.0
97.4
100% 95.2

88.6
90%

80%
Percent Weight Retained by Sieve

71.3 % Weight Retained

70%
% Weight Retained Culmulative
60%
48.2
50%

40% 36.7

30%
23.1
17.2
20%
11.5
10% 6.7
2.1 2.5
0.1
0%
50

70

80

pan
100

120

140

200

US Standard Sieve No.

1.44 g/cm3
Bulk Density
90.0 lb/ft3

11.1 FTU
Turbidity
Passes API RP-19C ≤ 250
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Figure 8: Krumbien/Sloss Sphericity and Roundness - API 70/140 Mesh Sample

Sphericity and Roundness

2017-0525-HR-SH-7 #11 0'-17' - 70/140 Shape Analysis
Sand Sample No. ##

Test Sample Code: 2017-0525-HR-SH-7

Reference No. ## #11 0'-17'- 70/140

Sphericity Roundness
Grain No.
Y X
1 0.7 0.5
2 0.7 0.7
3 0.7 0.5
4 0.7 0.6
5 0.9 0.5
6 0.7 0.5
7 0.7 0.5
8 0.5 0.6
9 0.9 0.6
10 0.7 0.5
11 0.7 0.6
12 0.7 0.6
13 0.7 0.5
14 0.5 0.5
15 0.9 0.6
16 0.5 0.5
17 0.7 0.6
18 0.7 0.5
19 0.7 0.6
20 0.7 0.5

Average 0.7 0.6

API RP-19C ≤ 0.6 Passes Passes

Clusters
None observed in field of count
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Figure 9: Additional Sample Images - API 70/140 Mesh Sample

Observations: Quartz grains vary from glassy to opaque with some exhibiting yellow/orange
staining. A few dark opaque grains (non-quartz) appear periodically.