GAMES AND SPORTS

P.E - II

Submitted by:
Erica G. Sardon BSBA 2A

Nelson Bill A.Naraja

Instructor P.E -2 II

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Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
HISTORY

In the winter of 1895,[5] in Holyoke, Massachusetts (United States), William G. Morgan, a YMCA
physical education director, created a new game called Mintonette, a name derived from the game of
badminton,[6] as a pastime to be played (preferably) indoors and by any number of players. The game
took some of its characteristics from other sports such as baseball, tennis and handball.[7] Another
indoor sport, basketball, was catching on in the area, having been invented just ten miles (sixteen
kilometres) away in the city of Springfield, Massachusetts, only four years before. Mintonette was
designed to be an indoor sport, less rough than basketball, for older members of the YMCA, while still
requiring a bit of athletic effort.

The first rules, written down by William G. Morgan, called for a net 6 ft 6 in (1.98 m) high, a 25 ft × 50 ft
(7.6 m × 15.2 m) court, and any number of players. A match was composed of nine innings with three
serves for each team in each inning, and no limit to the number of ball contacts for each team before
sending the ball to the opponents' court. In case of a serving

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Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
error, a second try was allowed. Hitting the ball into the net was considered a foul (with loss of the point
or a side-out)—except in the case of the first-try serve.

After an observer, Alfred Halstead, noticed the volleying nature of the game at its first exhibition match
in 1896, played at the International YMCA Training School (now called Springfield College), the game
quickly became known as volleyball (it was originally spelled as two words: "volley ball"). Volleyball rules
were slightly modified by the International YMCA Training School and the game spread around the
country to various YMCAs.[8][9]

In the early 1900s Spalding, through its publishing company American Sports Publishing Company,
produced books with complete instruction and rules for the sport.[10]

The first official ball used in volleyball is disputed; some sources say Spalding created the first

official ball in 1896, while others claim it was created in 1900.[11][12][13] The rules evolved over time:
in 1916, in the Philippines, the skill and power of the set and spike had been introduced, and four years
later a "three hits" rule and a rule against hitting from the back row were established. In 1917, the game
was changed from requiring 21 points to win to a smaller 15 points to win. In 1919, about 16,000
volleyballs were distributed by the American Expeditionary Forces to their troops and allies, which
sparked the growth of volleyball in new countries.[11]

The first country outside the United States to adopt volleyball was Canada in 1900.[11] An international
federation, the Fédération Internationale de Volleyball (FIVB), was founded in 1947, and the first World
Championships were held in 1949 for men and 1952 for women.[14] The sport is now popular in Brazil,
in Europe (where especially Italy, the Netherlands, and countries from Eastern Europe have been major
forces since the late 1980s), in Russia, and in other countries including China and the rest of Asia, as well
as in the United States.[8][9][14]

Beach volleyball, a variation of the game played on sand and with only two players per team, became a
FIVB-endorsed variation in 1987 and was added to the Olympic program at the 1996 Summer Olympics.
[11][14] Volleyball is also a sport at the Paralympics managed by the World Organization Volleyball for
Disabled.

Nudists were early adopters of the game with regular organized play in clubs as early as the late 1920s.
[15][16] By the 1960s, a volleyball court had become standard in almost all nudist/naturist clubs.[17].

Beach volleyball, a variation of the game played on sand and with only two players per team, became a
FIVB-endorsed variation in 1987 and was added to the Olympic program at the 1996 Summer Olympics.
[11][14] Volleyball is also a sport at the Paralympics managed by the World Organization Volleyball for
Disabled.

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Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
OBJECTIVES

Volleyball seems like a simple game of hitting a ball over the net and keeping it from hitting the
court or sand on your side of the net. In reality, those two goals are the main objectives of volleyball.
Doing it, however, involves elements that separate the good teams from the average ones.

Gain & Maintain Control

Ball control in almost everything in volleyball. Even when the ball is going back and forth over the net at
a good clip, teams still rely on good ball handlers to get digs and "ups" so they can stay in system and
launch high quality attacks. Winning a point means being able to serve, which can lead to another form
of control. A team that can "run" points from the service line,

including aces that aren't returned at all, get those points as well as momentum.

Making the Points

Sets are won by the team that first scores 25 points, and matches are usually played in a best three out
of five format. A service ace, a kill (an unreturnable hit), a block that lands on the other team's side of
the court or an error all count for points. In theory, a team could win a match without completing a
single kill if its opponents make constant errors such as net violations or hitting a ball out of bounds.
Regardless of how it happens, the objective is always to impose your offensive will on the other side
while keeping them off balance with solid defense.

The Joy of Teamwork

Good teams typically display a high level of communication and teamwork. A team's setter, hitters and
defensive specialists need to effectively work together to optimize their three allotted contacts. Often,
poor communication results in poor ball control, which leads to points lost. Communication and
teamwork are so important to the sport of volleyball because they essentially elevate the effectiveness
of the defense and offense.

Playing within the Rules

The rules are intended to keep the game moving. That's why a team has to return a ball within three
hits, and players have to follow handling rules. If a ball is on a player's hands for even a full second, or it
comes spinning out of her hands, it can be a violation. A player also can't run into the net, and any ball
hit into it or the antennas on the ends counts as a point to the other team. Those and others rules force
players to employ precision and timing along with athleticism.

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Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
PROCEDURE ( Rules , Regulation and Time )

Check out the suppliers of the following companies:

• WILSON SPORTING GOODS

• BADEN SPORTS

• MOLTEN USA

RULES

• 6 players on a team, 3 on the front row and 3 on the back row

• Maximum of three hits per side

• Player may not hit the ball twice in succession (A block is not considered a hit)

• Ball may be played off the net during a volley and on a serve

• A ball hitting a boundary line is "in"

• A ball is "out" if it hits... an antennae,

• the floor completely outside the court, any of the net or cables outside the antennae, the referee
stand or pole,

• the ceiling above a non-playable area

• It is legal to contact the ball with any part of a players body

• It is illegal to catch, hold, or throw the ball

• If two or more players contact the ball at the same time, it is considered one play and either player
involved may make the next contact (provided the next contact isn't the teams 4th hit)

• A player can not block or attack a serve from on or inside the 10 foot line

• After the serve, front line players may switch positions at the net

• At higher competition, the officiating crew may be made up of two refs, line judges, scorer, and an
assistant scorer.

REGULATION

General Volleyball Rules and Regulations

• Each team can use 3 hits (passes) to return the ball. That excludes the block contact. But, no player can
hit the ball twice in succession.

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Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
•The defensive team tries to block or return the ball - also hitting it no more than three times.

•The rally continues until the ball:

•Is grounded on the playing court.

•Goes 'out of bounds'.

•Does not get returned within the rules.

•If the ball hits the boundary line then the ball is deemed to be in-play. The defensive team can jump
and try to block the ball returning to their side of the court.

•If a block attempt is made and the ball bounces in their opponents half, then a point gets awarded. If,
after the block, the ball bounces out then a point gets awarded to the opposing team.

•Each team gets up to two 30 second timeouts per set. That resets back to 2 timeouts after each set no
matter how many have got before.

TIME

Volleyball is a high-intensity sport that requires a lot of running and jumping. If you’re interested in
picking up the sport, consider your level of athleticism and choose a volleyball league that’s the right fit
for you. Competitive volleyball requires a lot of stamina, so consider if you’re up for the challenge before
you commit.

A typical volleyball game played to a best 2-of-3 sets usually takes between 60 and 90 minutes, though
there’s no time restriction in a volleyball game. Each set may take around 20-30 minutes. A Rally Point
System is used in the game, and whichever team gains 25 points wins the set, as long as they lead by 2
points.

The rest of this article will discuss the playing duration of a volleyball game and its scoring system. In
most sports, the players have a certain amount of time to score as many points as they can. In volleyball,
the game goes on until the players score a certain number of points.

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Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
MATERIAL and EQUIPMENT

Solid Ball

Contrary to popular belief, not all volleyballs are the same. The ball is the single most important piece of
equipment in the game. A good ball will alleviate pain caused by hitting it over the net or between
teammates. If a game is being played indoors, a leather ball will work best. It cannot be used outside
because it may become wet and damaged. A cloth ball may be used as well. This will not sting as much
on the arms and lasts a long time without costing a fortune. For outdoor play, a synthetic leather ball is
recommended.

Knee Pads

Volleyball knee pads prevent injuries. However, a person should choose pads according to age and
experience. For instance, younger athletes should use thicker pads, since these players have less
experience diving for the ball. Older athletes with more knowledge may choose thinner knee pads. They
work well to prevent bruising and burns. All knee pads must fit comfortably around the leg area.

Ankle Braces

The most common injury associated with a volleyball player is a sprained ankle. To avoid the problem, it
is wise to invest in a good pair of ankle braces. Since braces have proven to lower injuries by 40 percent,
certain volleyball team coaches mandate them. They provide stability to the area without compromising
activity. Lace-up braces guard the sides, front, and back of the ankles. They are especially important
when setting the ball, at the time of frequent under-the-net contact.

Proper Footwear

Mens and womens volleyball shoes are essential gear for the game. These shoes contain a gum rubber
sole to provide maximum traction. These shoes are designed to protect the foot during side-to-side
movement. The front padding of the shoes is thick, so the legs do not suffer pain from continuous
jumping. A smart shoe choice will be made of leather and contain a low heel. This provides top support
and helps to prevent sprains as well.

Volleyball Duffle Bag

After having the right volleyball gear and clothing, it is important to have a dedicated piece of
equipment to keep everything organized and easy to access. The bag should be simple to carry. Most
people prefer a backpack style, where the weight can be evenly distributed across both shoulders. The
bag should also contain numerous compartments and pockets. This will give space to separate
equipment and keep clean items away from sweaty and used garments.The above items are five of the
top essentials every volleyball player.

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Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
Volleyball Serving Machines

With modern technology, it’s easier than ever to really step up your Volleyball game. As Volleyball
became more and more competitive, and the jump serve became a standard move, it was clear that the
need for better Volleyball training equipment was needed. This is when companies like Sports Attack
started to develop Volleyball machines. The problem was they needed to be affordable and portable,
and needed to be able to really test the modern Volleyball player. To learn more about volleyball serving
machines, check out this article for more info.

CONCLUSION and MOTIVATION

Change your drills into games for motivating volleyball players.

An important key to motivating players is having them play games instead of just drills. Most players
have trouble getting motivated to do drills and just simply want to get the drill over with.

If you are able to make a drill into a game, your players will likely look at the drills in a different way.
When playing games, players want to win. This motivation helps to create a strong work ethic, keeps
players focused, and they have fun.

Make practices more fun with game like conditioning. Proper conditioning helps develop the right
attitude and motivate players.

Even something as common as hitting lines can be turned into a game. For example, the first team to hit
5 hard-driven balls into the target area successfully without the ball contacting the net wins.

VISION :

Out Vision statement describes ideally where and what we want to be . Thess are the future hopes,
dreams and aspirations for volleyball alberta.

MISSION:

Our mission statement cultures the purpose towards which we commit our work life. these are the reason
for the existence of volleyball Alberta and its clearly describes who our customers are and what we
produce as outcome benefits for them.

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Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
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Bachelor of Science in Information Technology