Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • Biomolecules 2021102 7445

    Uploaded by

    Harsh Jain
    11 views1 page
    The document discusses key topics in biochemistry including carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, and biomolecules. It defines carbohydrates as optically active polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones or compounds that produce these after hydration. It also describes the structures of important carbohydrates like starch, cellulose, glycogen, and classifications as reducing or non-reducing. The document also provides pointers on proteins, noting they are polypetides, and nucleic acids as poly nucleotides. It covers components of nucleic acids like purine and pyrimidine derivatives as well as pentoses and phosphoester bonds.

    Original Description:

    Original Title

    Biomolecules_2021102_7445

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Report this Document
    The document discusses key topics in biochemistry including carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, and biomolecules. It defines carbohydrates as optically active polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones or compounds that produce these after hydration. It also describes the structures of important carbohydrates like starch, cellulose, glycogen, and classifications as reducing or non-reducing. The document also provides pointers on proteins, noting they are polypetides, and nucleic acids as poly nucleotides. It covers components of nucleic acids like purine and pyrimidine derivatives as well as pentoses and phosphoester bonds.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pdf or txt
    11 views1 page

    Biomolecules 2021102 7445

    Uploaded by

    Harsh Jain
    The document discusses key topics in biochemistry including carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, and biomolecules. It defines carbohydrates as optically active polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones or compounds that produce these after hydration. It also describes the structures of important carbohydrates like starch, cellulose, glycogen, and classifications as reducing or non-reducing. The document also provides pointers on proteins, noting they are polypetides, and nucleic acids as poly nucleotides. It covers components of nucleic acids like purine and pyrimidine derivatives as well as pentoses and phosphoester bonds.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 1

    Main topic

    Old:hydrates of carbon Cx(h20)y


    Define
    Modern: optically active poly hydroxy aldehyde or ketone or
    compound which produce these after hydr.

    (+)=clock wise inversion

    Sources

    Storage

    Amylose=reducing

    Starch

    Forms Amylopectin: non reducing

    Cellulose

    Non reducing

    Glycogen is just like a Amilopectin the only diff glycogen has


    Glycogen
    more branching as compared to amilopectin

    All monosaccrides are reducing

    Classification

    Prep.
    Glucose

    Structure
    evidences
    Carbohydrates

    Total isomers=2^ chiral carbon

    6 membered ring 💍 containing O is pyran


    Pointers
    5 membered ring is furan

    Iso electric point: the pH at which net charge=0

    Insulin: hexamer; hemoglobin: tetramer

    Protein: poly peptide


    Nucleic acids: poly nucleotide

    Hemi Acetyl Consept


    Cyclicity
    Cell->nucleus->chromosome->nucleic->dna/rna

    Straight form disadvantages

    Purine derivative

    Pentose

    Pydradine derivative

    Biomolecules

    B-d Ribose is only found; remove oh from c-2 to form d-oxy


    ribose Rxns

    Phospho ester Nucleic Acid

    Sides

    Nucleo

    Tides

    Alpha beta

    Muta Rotation

    DNA/RNA

    Fructose is also known as keto hexose or leavose


    Fructose

    Cyclic Form

    Alpha d furanose bulkier groups are on same side where is


    opposite in beta d pyranose

    Sucrose

    Sucrose is nither hemi acetyl nor hemi ketal


    Non reducing in nature

    Lactose

    It is reducing because of hemiacetal

    Maltose

    Reducing in nature

    Alpha amino Acids


    Alpha amino acids are water soluble with high melting point and
    crystalline structure and colourless

    Glycine is only optically inactive amino Acids; amino acids are


    classified in 2 types

    Formation

    Types

    Zwitter Ion 2

    Zwitter lon is Amphiprotic lon and during Elec. it Neither


    Cathode Nor Anode

    Protein

    There Nature
    R substitutes

    Folding types Secondary

    Tertiary

    Folding: pri->sec->tert->quart; simplest unfolded when heater is


    prim.

    It can even cause cell death


    Denaturation
    Caused because of physical change like temperature chemical
    change like pH

    You might also like