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General Chemistry 2
General Chemistry 2
Chemistry 2 11
General Chemistry 2 – Grade 11
Quarter 3 – Module 13: Molar Mass Determination via Colligative Property
First Edition, 2020
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This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:
As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing
them to manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and
assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
For the Learner:
Welcome to the General Chemistry 2 Self-Learning Module 13 on Molar Mass
Determination via Colligative Property
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time.
You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being
an active learner.
Posttest – This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
EXPECTATIONS
This module is developed and designed for Senior High School Science,
Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) students. This module tackles
the topics about colligative property of solutions.
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. explain the concepts behind the process of calculating the molar mass of a
compound from its colligative property data.
2. calculate the molar mass of a compound from its colligative property data.;
and
3. appreciate the essence of knowing the molar mass in determining a
compound.
PRE–TEST
Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.
1. Which of the following is the correct value of R in osmotic pressure?
𝐿−𝑎𝑡𝑚
A. 0.08206 B. 8.314 𝐽
𝑚𝑜𝑙−𝐾 𝑚𝑜𝑙−𝐾
𝐿−𝑎𝑡𝑚 𝐿−𝑇𝑜𝑟𝑟
C. 0.8206 D. 62.36
𝑚𝑜𝑙−𝐾 𝑚𝑜𝑙−𝐾
2. Which of the following is the correct steps in calculating the molar mass
from the freezing point depression?
A. Molality→ Freezing Point Depression→ Number of moles→ Molar Mass
B. Freezing Point Depression→ Number of moles→ Molality→ Molar Mass
C. Number of moles→ Freezing Point Depression Molality→ Molar Mass
D. Freezing Point Depression→ Molality→ Number of moles → Molar Mass
3. The unit of freezing point depression constant (K f ) is
𝐾∗𝑘𝑔 𝐾
A. B.
𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑘𝑔∗𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐾
C.
𝐾∗𝑘𝑔
D.
𝑘𝑔∗𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝑚𝑜𝑙 2 2
LESSO N
Strategy:
Let us recall that molar mass is just a quotient of the mass of a sample (g) and the
amount of substance (mol) of the sample. Recall the formula below:
µ= molar mass (g/mol) n= mole of substance (mol) m= mass of substance (g)
𝒎
𝐧=
µ
Rearranging the equation for it to come up with the formula for molar mass, it will
be:
𝒎
µ=
𝒏
In this problem, we know the mass of the sample but we do not know the moles of
the solute.
(a) Our next step is to determine ∆T bp considering the given boiling point of the
solution. Take note that the boiling point of the solvent (benzene) = 80.10 °C. Use
the equation ∆Tbp = Kbp x m to calculate the solution concentration in molality
(mol/kg). Take note Kbp (boiling point elevation constant) of the solvent, in this
for Kbp = 2.53 ℃⁄𝑚𝑜𝑙
benzene,
case
(b) Recall that based on the problem above, we know the mass of the solvent in kg
therefore we could calculate the amount of solute.
(c) Knowing the mass (g) and amount of solute (mole), we can obtain the molar mass
𝑔
of the solute. molar mass ( 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 (𝑔)
𝑚𝑜𝑙)= 𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑡 (𝑚𝑜𝑙)
boilng point number of moles
elevation molality molar mass
Solution:
(a) Obtain the concentration of the solution via computing the boiling point elevation
Boiling point elevation (∆Tbp)= 80.31°C − 80.10 °C = 0.21℃
∆T𝑏𝑝 0.21℃
msolute = = = 0.083 𝑚
𝐾𝑏 2.53 ℃⁄𝑚
(b) Calculate the amount of solute (mol) present in the solution from the obtained
concentration of solution.
0.083 𝑚𝑜𝑙
Amount of solute= ( ) × (0.099 𝑘𝑔 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡 ) = 0.0082 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒
1.00 𝑘𝑔
(c) Lastly compute for the molar mass of the solute with the computed amount
of solute and the given mass of the solute.
1.25 𝑔
= 150 𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙
0.0082 𝑚𝑜𝑙
Therefore, the computed molar mass of methyl salicylate (C 8H8O3) based on the
boiling point elevation is 150 g/mol
Strategy:
Again our agenda is to calculate the molar mass of the unknown solute based on the
given information from the problem. We could solve this problem via following two
steps:
(a) We need to calculate first the molality of the solution from the given information
about the observed depression in freezing point.
(b) From the computed molality, we need to determine the number of moles in 7.85
g of the compound thus computing the molar mass.
Let us try to follow the series of steps to calculate the molar mass in the problem.
∆T𝑓 1.05 ℃
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦 = = = 0.205 𝑚
𝐾𝑓 5.12
℃/𝑚
(b) Next step is to determine the moles of solute by multiplying the computed
molality from the mass of solvent in kilograms.
0.205 𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 (𝑛) = ( ) × (0.301 𝑘𝑔) = 0.0617 mol
1 𝑘𝑔
With the computed moles of solute, we proceed in calculating the molar mass by
dividing the mass of solute with the moles of solute.
Strategy:
Again, our still concern is to calculate the molar mass of the unknown solute.
From the given osmotic pressure, we proceed on calculating the concentration of
the solution in molarity.
From the calculated concentration, we proceed on calculating the number of
moles of the unknown compound and hence calculating its molar mass.
But before proceeding on the calculations, we need to make sure that we are utilizing
values that are in the right unit with respect with units present in R ( 𝐿 ×𝑎𝑡𝑚 ).
𝑚𝑜𝑙 × 𝐾
Let us follow the sequence of conversions below:
Solution:
𝜋 = 𝑀𝑅𝑇
1 𝑎𝑡𝑚
𝜋 10.0 𝑚𝑚𝐻𝑔 ×760 𝑚𝑚𝐻𝑔
𝑀= = 𝐿 − 𝑎𝑡𝑚 = 5.38 × 10−4 𝑚𝑜𝑙/𝐿
𝑅 0.08206 × (25 +
𝑇 273.15)𝐾
𝑚𝑜𝑙 − 𝐾
Since the total volume of the solution is in terms of L therefore it contains 5.36x10 -4
mole of the unknown solute. Let us utilize this quantity to calculate the molar mass:
ACTIVITIES
Activity 2. Directions: Perform the needed calculations for the following problems
and supply the missing answer on the table below. Show your complete calculations
in a clean sheet of paper.
1. A solution of 100.8 g of a non- dissociating solute in 135.0 g of water has a freezing
point of -5.16 °C. What is the molar mass of the solute? Freezing point of water= 0
°C Kf=1.86 °C/m
C. Osmotic Pressure
VALUING
PO S T TES T
REFERENCES