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Aircraft Structure - Topic 2.5
Aircraft Structure - Topic 2.5
Topic 2.5
Airframe – Nacelles/Pylons
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INTRODUCTION
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NACELLES
Nacelles are used :
• to enclose an engine
in a stream lined
housing to improve
aerodynamics,
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NACELLE
• to support and protect the engine and its components
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NACELLE
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NACELLE
• and then direct away from the engine for proper exhaust outflow.
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NACELLE
Reciprocating engines have baffles inside the nacelle to direct cooling air.
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NACELLES
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NACELLES
They may be constructed of sheet metal and / or composite components, assembled
through a combination of removable fasteners, rivets, and bonding.
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COWLINGS
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HOLD OPEN STAYS
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UNDERCARRIAGE DOORS
Landing gear doors are also a feature of this type of nacelle.
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COWL FLAPS
Nacelles may also incorporate :
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AUXILIARY AIR DOORS
• auxiliary air doors for turbine engine operation at low
altitudes and slow speeds.
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THRUST REVERSER
• thrust reversers or reverser support structures for turbine engines
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THRUST REVERSER
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THRUST REVERSER
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THRUST REVERSER
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THRUST REVERSER
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THRUST REVERSER
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THRUST REVERSER
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PYLONS
Gas turbine engine pods are attached to the underside of wings or on the aft
fuselage by the nacelle strut / pylon to save on space and weight from
mounting inside the fuselage.
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PYLONS
The prime function of a pylon is to support the engine and to provide a housing
for electrical cables, fluid lines and associated systems between the engine and
the wing or fuselage.
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PYLON
Jet fighters use a removable pylon to mount external fuel tanks for longer flights.
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PYLON
Fighters also use removable pylons to carry weapons.
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PYLONS
Some military aircraft have large radar systems mounted on pylons.
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ENGINE MOUNTS
The Engine Mount is the structure employed to attach the engine, engine nacelle
or pod to a wing or fuselage, and may be referred to as a strut or a pylon.
Many aircraft have engine mount attachments designed to allow for quick removal
and installation of complete engines.
This requires that fluid lines, electrical cables, control linkages, and engine
mounting attachments to the airframe be designed for easy separation at or near
the firewall.
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WING MOUNTED ENGINES
Engines mounted underneath the wing, (modern turbine engines) are
attached by forged metal mounts, which are a part of the pylon or nacelle
strut.
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FUSELAGE MOUNTED ENGINES
Engines mounted on
the rear section of the
fuselage are also
attached by forged
metal mounts attached
to the pylon.
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FORGED METAL ENGINE MOUNTS
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FORGED METAL ENGINE MOUNTS
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FORGED METAL ENGINE MOUNTS
Wing Mounted
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FORGED METAL ENGINE MOUNTS
Fuselage Mounted
Mounts
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FORWARD MOUNTED ENGINES
Engines that are mounted
on the front of an aircraft
or on the leading edge of
the wing, require a
supporting frame to
attach it to the aircraft.
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RECIPROCATING ENGINES
Vibrations in reciprocating engines
are transmitted through the engine
mount to the aircraft structure.
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RECIPROCATING ENGINES
Maximum vibration absorption is obtained when the mounting bolts are tightened so
that the engine can move within reasonable limits, in a torsional (rotating) direction,
but is restrained from any fore and aft movement.
If the bolts are too tight, the mounting structure tends to vibrate with the engine,
which is undesirable.
For this reason, technicians should always consult manufacturer's service manual for
correct torqueing when tightening such bolts.
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FIREWALLS
Firewalls are required by all engines, auxiliary power units, fuel burning heaters and other
combustion equipment intended for operation in flight.
They are also required for combustion, turbine, and tailpipe sections of turbine engines
to isolate them from the remainder of the aircraft
Firewall
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FIREWALLS
Firewalls are constructed of fireproof materials such as stainless steel, inconel, or
titanium. These materials provide protection against heat and corrosion.
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HEATSHEILDS
The inner cowling of turbine engines are usually manufactured from fireproof
materials such as stainless steel, inconel, or titanium.
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CONCLUSION
Now that you have completed this topic, you should be able to:
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This concludes Topic 2.5
Airframe – Nacelles/Pylons