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(pee aol ri sLal Canad Gaal gl! uury Gllilly ait pgaleall Kxwx1000 TXW Joles = T <3sLtt Oog = Ww «(40°C) el pelea’ co =Keu.w Me= galeott Og = WwW «ol guasY! dm oD yolaa ll (1-2) Jga> agaiall Glico yaad ablajall Clg Pentan glia Cyclo Pentan al gly cyclo hexene al» Crusoe I-hexyne ¢plucs—] Benzen (53 Antharacene crus! al 1—hexanol (Jsilucaa—l Bromophenol ,J5i19 949 4 Cyclo pentanone gyyilie plats | 136 Benzophenone (53199) _ ae TT Heptanoic acid ubsilius 223 Benzoic acid than Spectroscopic dudslal! liwhadat Ladals oll auelank! (ys oly ine y sgeaell aco yl geass ple Bp ell eae, Audie digo i WU aed A ydaball oLulall jae Garb Ce 6] pall lea tty 44Aaguaal! Chie poll Ayala OluleAlly Aha eal Colgit 3 SUN ual (puntlolibes yg aNl PLE julia! Cod all Gates Cae Hgeag depen Mapa Aad Cau c visible 151) (UV) ultraviolet de cuail 398 AE Cals ote Be Bp EY (olen tol dad goat sll 0935 Lialaieg (IR) infrared -f, ea! cost (andy agp olaigieall sbyial BUI YL 2 pals Gols Le wail polis iel dads Ls « visible spectroscopy-ultraviolet Lg ula! Aw Ll Lies 4g ped Mad! So LS ony ASL EL ol pend Gund dL 2 iti as day gual Ml 395 sie Goluaie'l! Lei cinfrared spectroscopy [guild Leuk) doskial! iz Goudy atteiins plalice lee 2 Lyall csi dongs (MS) mass spectroscopy 4423 _sin «nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy dusslil) TBUat (ye pias pial (yg ay ABLLAL le puere gle Cabs gia pad [gud «pei gl gyi SoS} luca! J] AUN oe jolus ital (S282 Cee LaLa) ol vail AGbt 2 cole! wl sp gel sei eid gs (6-2) Jods « eG peel wh Gase oi ketal! Byay 45 U (6-2) Jct + Ultraviolet—Visible Spectrometry dd jht—Ayquadat! God Aad) wiuls ‘yl Calas! Aaleis tale ay jbl de udis! 998 AGN) Caub shgol baa 200-370 nm .6toL Chm gtd gf asa yigus equal Cys tune slo Sein Lgile aad, 45Achoal! Aiguaall olrouSt! 2 polis Seiad LoS 6325-750 nm stroll Gane dey (nim = yall Cys Cagle Call cys se) Ad pd gi Gating y «Qyglll sola glad be Source 55 yleSall C0 potiie sle (god Ligall Jobe op Saag Lh) Legie Ls uly Cee eel, Liga Le GY Aquat! glad lady By sall jg 3! 2 .0.5-10.0 cm glad sll ya yey Lapodl QSLE peed (ty eo phly pS Wy Call Leased po on5l pie Gaylene (7-2) Jen tll cidges LS Guo dyLic ing BLASS ple Lagi jLeadl upiow jlged! dolases mud 93 (ool! suey 5551S opin ; aio Manochromator (quartz prism) Mircor Sample ceil Zoe LI 5-7 Pete cal ouimati tala ei ror m9 Ore Solvent cell (7-2) jst COYLE g GoluaieYl e103 (5-2) (4-2) (3-2) (2-2) Jgloell Oo abaya yl aoas Suguuall Gap colyg Byer wall Ligiealy ops LeS qapll Sygag (Tim) Any Ceaand Aaglill jpBgepZall lepers Gang rape ys Gerla I , log t=A=eEecl. I 46Aeagucaat) liso poll Ayaatall Gulcaty Asa jedl! Coty 2 Skt Judas! Auolete = A all ogee 5G =) BL eg us = I to = C (apa ole ales) Lio! duoluie = 6 (Spat! Lalit) Silat be Login! LUN Jp b= TCA / Jp sale) Up tall ues pyle lll gf (6) Seapedl Qucoluaic jlgatl ye giLil dolazetl cle pols (uh) AU Ope A Soeead Sm daslual! Uaslell oy (log €) Apsla gt! aeoledl @oY Arms! 598 Aad! poluaial ood (2-2) Joum eye Absorption band Chromophore Structure Transition Example Amax (nm) &,X Alkenes Ethylene (vapour) Alkynes 2-Octyne a Carbonyl Acetaldehyde (aldehyde) [L (vapour) Acetaldehyde b (Ketone) Acetoneb Carboxyl Acetic acid c Amido Acetamide b Acetamid ed Ethyl acetate c Nitromethane e Nitrosobutane f n-Buty] nitrite ¢ Ester Nitro Nitroso Nitrate Nitrite L Butyl nitrite b Amines Neopentylidene— n—butylamine Nitrile = Acetonitrile i (vapour) Azo Azomethane c a = heptane , b = hexane , c = ethanol (95 per cent) , d = water , e= methanol, f = ether 47Arlest| Asgumall olraiSt! 2. polit! Siac sale ya po Aymudil gd Aad! poluaiiel wad (3-2) Jou Awmax in AmaX in water (nm water (nm 7400 —COO™ 204 7000 —NH, lL 225 7400 | -NHCOCH; 190 7900 | —NO, 192 7000 —CHO 700 6200 | —CO.CH; 1450 13000. | —OCH; 1000 11600 970 eS gnS C= aaghatt oot) AGM ASW Lapotl Got) amd ght Ao uall lao Sle Aibeg Yi Colca yt! pant Apoudial! 598 Aad poluaiial (4-2) Sore Compound Amax (nm Emax (approximate 60000 Benzene 7400 204 Xylenes 400-800 95000 Naphthlene 5600 250 Anthracene “3000 +— Dipheny] 18000 Diphenyimethane L 490 Stilbene’trans’ 27000 Stilbene’cis’ 13500 Pyrrole ! . Furan 10000 Pyridine 7500Augenal Cle poll Apaidel| GLulealg Ail eal Col gl A ) fuel Compound Amax (nm Emax (Approximate | Quinotine Isoquinoline . 252¢ 10000 + 9894 SI) dc gare : Jlis Argh Sh gdge SN rast poluaiel ape :(5-2) Joue Example —C=C-C=C Butadiene Hexatriene 1,3-Cyclohexadiene Propenal 1—Nitro—1—propene | _Methacrylonitrile Methy! vinyl ketone Acrylic acid p-Benzo 49Anlesl! da gural! cliguSt! 2 falist LIA Amax (nm) GL» 2 (Woodward) 2519 299} Aut! Crty—atl Alea Wt Jrrga St! Glia og (enones) O13 dienes cain ae hmax (nM) (YO +) dienes otiesiutt 1 214 Malad cgtall Gaull gf eV) dudlethl ue dale! parent heteroannular or open chain diene 253 Mabe! ailetie ue all Onl atl parent homooannular dieene nil J] eles 5 dale 3b ol soli Je! alkyl substituents or ring residues 5 dum Ld daclias dbl, exocyclic double bond 30 colt! sista! dae Lune dlasl) double bond extending conjugation 6 OR 0 OAc 5 Cl, Br I 60 NR, :(Enon) (94) .2 315 (Z=C) ad pS jaelten gh LA ue Osi parent acyclic or six membered enone (Z=C) al pe Yl led cygil 202 parent five membered enone 207 (Z=H) al putea ue Gy lat! spa parent a , 8 unsaturated aldehyde alas 5 Aa hs jeclins atest 1) exocyclic double bond 39 (diene) Crols wag liall olutel dae luas ibal, Double bond extending conjugation 68 hemoannular diene Vala! (yuslets Guls-i 50Aagaaall Glico poll data! Gluliatly ASL jas) Cog! 3b Jucall Amax (nm) 250 246 230 Amax (nim) (JLo! jsod heteroannular diene ValeS! udlede ue Cnala-w each alkyl substituents or ring residues ial (3b 9f Jucoli a B aa 9h ¥ a OH B 5 a,8,6 OAc aOme B ¥ é a Cl B a Br B NR, or ) aromatic carbonyls 43Leg)¥t O49 511 .3 parent chromophor aul 19894 Soll 7Z=H Z=OH,OR alkyl or ring residue 44L. LLas of Jucoti Z=OH , OR H ° Alkyl or ring residue (421 LLas)R o,m cl Pp o,m Br Pp o,m OH, OR Pp o,m NH) Pp o,m NHAc p o,m NR, p 51Auleas| Argue clooiSt! 2 politi vary ag pill am 6a tall mx Led Geol Gras Le Guat : Lie (8-2) Sead 20 old bg 59 ts) Nujol Gs Ci ted 9) 3 1nd aie Ae Lina Gs oe ySll Ale co] ple apd eS Gilde Gud Be pubs Gola 2 (lle gle Lees Algo ole laa ol (ps jolt Lapigsty [gliue ao G9 Lasltl laily ver all darpbe pond Ghee Lise py ed 6p ST Lay yb nae 8G iyu.5) (Analar) Lod Ai ageualig ll agape ee Linall yoked Ley urge Ze hapa Cred pag old CSB 2 ad gig (7 1 opal 2 diya! Vol Lig Soy pty! Solel «(3.33 micron) 3000 om! sic (CH) debut duoluatie dt (7.27 micron) 1375 em! .ic9 (6.90 micron) 1450 om! sic dus lusiel elpors! Coad GS! Lalas ed gh (19-2) 1! (10-2) Gs Jl a9 Fuga) Lc pl 2 Luda gl quale! Goad ee ee ee a ee ee ined Ua Ig} slportl cind aad Yt olivia! auts (10-2) Ysa CH3C¢Hs5 Og gill elperd! Cd badly jolie! ube (11-2) Joa 57Auboall Aigurall elroiSt 2 folaut 1645 HyC=CH(CH))s CH; ee ee ee ee ee ee ee.) (1-Octene) pice cleat! Cd 42a) oluatiel ute (12-2) psa (1-Hexyne) (aluSgil elpomtl od dad yoluaiel aus (13-2) irs ~58Aagunal) Coico poll Ayaka Luleallg Aci jpuasl Coatgitl = SL! fuel ene 0 Oe OE nS . 000 bad pe aoa 200 aa w=. oo oS aeo w00 aco ann am -chgiligusa aS clporll Cond aad yoluaieal aul :(14-2) Jos Sedtier 14K Egg pM creas elpaot! Cond dadhr) woluaiiel Waals :(15-2) Joa 59Acloal! Arguteat) clroiSt} 2 polit —_ ee esteem -CALOMY efypoot| Cnt dad! poluaiel eile (16-2) Jos CH3(CH3)3NH> eal wiguad 6lpood) Cond dad) olusiel dubs (17-2) joaAagerat! Lice poll Aedes hulidl ly Agila peat! Carty «att! fund wha petg iat eh port Cond dad Yt yolvaiel aude :(18-2) Js CH3(CH>)5CHO ba oe a ne nn en a ee sehebAS Ceaglt efport) od aad yoluaiel aul (19-2) Joa 61AsloaS! Argurall clroiSS! 2 folat 3( 2-2) bpd ul hyd gl aualadl cous IL olpell cond 49! Gola ab oye Spl Larges WAVELENGTH p = 25 3 4 5 i; 7 8 3 © 22 #45 2 3040 6.95) if = a a | fa00, 1200 1608 4000-3500 —«3060 a :Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectrometry (NMR) (3929 yall usuidaial! ogi (ysilal wale ote (20-2) Jee (NMR) yas 9g Hl Cai ta Litas Jou piereSe Sydis Lntiby 20 om! , bed 65 GLB Spduas 3h pee loline Shae Sait LoS LON aut lees 34 2 eae! (eae usbeliae Jaad 2 JS pulse 60 898 95 Sols frees GLEN (At prteionny glad! tums gle Saat ge relate pulling gio glad gle Yguacell (gal it 935 ge) 2 ctl 2 (5-207) glee dius le of ASLut! disd! oy 0.4 ml alg at) _puboLiall cilpt cake Llg> Cay jabLiat! (ied on ads (5-15 om) Lala; Ugsi jee Gum jpebl cere 100 9f 60) cosh say 59 gust sl deudt ytun as fue de (92 Laapae Lgalcetenl faded da put Aya) Ls dial! LS 13) (ase Kyoto Ll Lied Jobers paced de gf dubes Liga CLS 13] Lei cys 31 (CCla) CopaypSatl sa ygleo auly gi (CDCh) cpsigns apg ygleo 2 Leis tans abel! dog tad Bl g0 eid 9: (6-2) Jotadl (CS) Gps)! sap 3 62Aagusall Chico poll Aeatat) Ghulidtlg Ania j gall Contgitl Li fuat oll oie alaciwY dog hie Lat OLS yaad Guill obigs gnll slgie hae Lydke Cua ope Oi a Y 1 Aaeusbr lial! al got! juiletia yeas gi 2 Rael ae elas Y i> Wiles Wald Ogearc? 3 cash) am ps (TMS) Ope Site pole) os (Y1) Mags Lasko Sleat cs Blgbul) GaD io uuboliall SLAM 5 path Lead! edd sie 9 «NMR Ce Noe foes Lg pub g Le poleatiols ¢ pene lial Jladly 42G4 395 oy Sheeald tal Lgl 2 Lisatly dag! Calls foc oll goat ll sayil fadtiowe 52 ple Lace ibegst loeuwig utah! CALM Cpe SLEW ead «flu alerg eubeLiad fase eutiS | als s4cliuas 63Auboall dugueal clreiSt! 2 joliss 2NMR caus dalases yuu’ Lg oLgedge dud spall ol Lat sre le sbeie Yb dolar! pas Ag Gly Laks| ro Lay auc .1 Legere se dul I od So yl aa 2 pght all sl LAY sue guts (21-2) JSoGN 2 LoS ub 33 9> gl! Malai abighgul CLAY! adge 2 TABLA pad GLigSgull Qld pu ubolide Slee 2 Saye eudy wie VY asc! GLAM GY Nua gall dates dublide oYLes 2 Gated Lilacs Had pM Lig ietYl le ps Aieady daa sag ill gb LAN a jall as JON SLeeall Lucolney Lyaud gs Lie Leupbliie Yee yy Iihag dunt oslayll doo (0 Camel! jayy shielding Gath (pass Le lag pS gpd! aie Hy arc 39-3 (53 (6 Ho) rem Jas old (9655 shielded dies! SLgia ll ola cgilily seek! dual Lal! oye fai H = Hp-cHo Med copiball Elio) Seah Vhs lle yg gps Come fh Lele albus eLigign one Ll eat juuboline flee 93 Jgiligll 2 (OH) Legare Oslay RBS fart yg sp Sail Cpe Latln ES cree Sl 595 GY spall Le pares yates Lilly (CH3) csLigignss 43;Las (OH) Op 39 Sg «Li Lage cated Lage p29 uth iligigyey JBI Les 593 ale Lee S891 (OH) asian, Voge ats Ogiga tly Lyall Lig teal ols a es Seat flees 553 wie LgaBge que Spiel ie aul Lal! aglay gf jucolas Lue ulslioe 64ugudaal) Colic pelt Acdaleal) Chalet g Alpe! Coal gt) 2 SE) fuel Voges S52 Gall LyaBge Capes SBT lee ae yaited Qyphll Bla MM Sob gig Ale cau Lg yp Sgpll we pa ela! Sled Leglbe (yuu pboliie Bale Layo (TMS) Oye otis polo, Spt gles « anisotropicdeshiclding qos gtle silane 4559 be eal OY ebtdg «lees 593 lel ric Leal Aagecrel| Lic Il ligig ss abaas ated s «(yg bieall Agel Atlas! Caers Sly Lal aBlpe res be Glhs TMS 3 43ylas (peas GLet) JSS SLAM sie da(j¥ly TMS qe» poll da thy A SlieeSall ol SL a te sy aL ashy BN SLAM ee enliy ype Gul 33 5! (8) chemical shift Wilco bgt 2 Qe eel AL Sls 51 ols 5559p) ew blinn nibs 35 go] attend Cale dygiany (8) ASlicuSoN! ER159 jay Gf daa de (LS / ecu Line 40 «60 100) Aatizes (resonance (no )S} i4 deeds Gye oil ged! ds pte eked Y eal ite ObS US 10° 2 peatg (Hy) atceticall Slat! sud le (H, 14421) frequency) Cp SS3 ascend! SLAM Fd Guitly TMS am poll duuills 300 sic dejo ded Cogalll Cpe elie bes § clas y es yt5 LUN (3 gry) 3 1.00 sic pglasg 300 MH, Legd ic Lingl 3LAY! .gli 600 M Hp Slee 54d alas! sled Uly «(ppm) 600 H, papell Guth Lgedge GY 1.008 600 ————_-*10°=61. 1. 600*10" *10° =d 1.00*1.00 pp,, TMS Gedo yh 8 Cae 610 I) pie Os gad Loli 451591 ead eles 2A Bad Cue 10 ao yl ogee 8 Ge Vu t payed alka UL By 0 = t= 10-6 ppm 65Aubesl! Argumall clo! 2 polis) Cost! paar Ligig pal aula do glad aBlge :(6-2) Jou Cloroform CDCL Dimethyl sulfoxide (CD3),8O Acetone CD;COCD,; N,N-Dimethyl formamide (CD3),NCHO Pyridine CoHsN Tetrahydrofuran £ 3} o cons Lalizes g 1g SY Ales Sot! 25159 oe B (8-2) 9 (7-2) GV gre! eed 94 wal g3 gyal] CASING CMA ER GU gig peed BLS Ae 51 od (7-2) Jone methyl protons methylene protons/ methane protons C—CH,-NR2 C-CH,-C-Ar C_Cl,_C_NO, C-CH,—C=N C-CH,—C—OR C-CH,-OR C-CH,-OAr C-CH;-Cl Cc-C H>-B r C-CH;-C(=O)OR CH;—C(=O)OAr CH;-C(=O)Br . . methine protons CH;-NR . . C-CH,-C CH3-N-Ar . . C-CH,—-Ar . C-CH,-C-NO) . C-CH,-C=N . C-CH,-C(O)OR C-CH,-NO, C-CH,-OR C-CH,-OAr C-CH,-S C-CH)-Cl C-CH,-Br