CHRISTIAN LAWRENCE R.

PICADAL\
BSME-2B
ASSIGNMENT NO. 9

A. SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING (SMAW)

1. Electric arc welding defects

- Welding Defects are defects created in the weld metal as a result of a poor welding
process or erroneous welding patterns, for example. The flaw could be different from the
desired shape, size, and quality of the weld bead. Welding flaws can occur on both the
outside and interior of the weld metal. Welding Flaws can be defined as imperfections
created in the given weld metal due to faulty welding processes or welding patterns, etc.
Some defects may be allowed if they are within permissible limits, however cracks are
never accepted. The flaw could be different from the desired shape, size, and quality of the
weld bead.
B. BRAZING
1. Brazing process
- Brazing is a metal-joining method that involves melting and flowing a filler metal into
the joint, with the filler metal having a lower melting temperature than the adjoining
metal.By capillary action, the filler metal flows into the gap between close-fitting pieces
during the brazing process. While shielded by an appropriate environment, generally a
flux, the filler metal is brought slightly above its melting (liquidus) temperature.
2. Types of Brazing
- Torch Brazing
- Furnace Brazing
- Silver Brazing
- Braze Welding
- Cast Iron Welding
- Vacuum Brazing
- Dip Brazing

3. Types of Brazing rods

- Copper, brass, bronze: Copper Phosphorous Brazing & Welding Rods . Steel, stainless
steel, nickel alloys, copper alloys, cast iron, tungsten carbide,and Nickel Silver Brazing
4. Brazing applications
- Pipe fittings, carbide tips on tools, heat exchangers, electrical parts, radiators, axles, and
other items are all brazed together.
- It can join cast and wrought metals, as well as dissimilar metals and porous metal
components.
- It is used to connect bicycle components such as the frame and rims.
5. Advantage of Brazing
- Using less power and processing at a lower temperature than welding.
- When compared to welding, producing joins with little thermal deformation and residual
strains.
- Not requiring a heat treatment after processing.
- Being able to combine base materials that aren't the same.
- When compared to soldering, this method produces stronger joints.
6. Common Brazing Problems
- Improper Plate or Notch Cleaning
- Surface Condition of the Tips
- Wrong Braze Alloy
- Improper Fluxing
- Improper Braze Joint Thickness
- Improper Brazing Temperature
- Gas Entrapment
- Overheated Tungsten Carbide
- A Combination of Things