12/10/2021 Lab Report

Traverse Exercise

Syndicate-2
 INDEX

S/NO contents Anx

1 Report

2 Traverse sketch A

3 Computation of bearing of B
traverse lines
4 Computation of coordinates of C
control points
5 Abstract of observed angles D
Aim of the task:

The purpose of performing this task was to establish control points in NICE area by the method of
traverse.

Brief description of the task:

NICE( NUST Institute of Civil Engineering) is spread over an area of 600 feet x 500 feet. It is located on
the western side of H-12 Sector Islamabad. As it is a relatively compact area, so the method of closed
traverse was used.

Given data:
The coordinates of following points were given:

Station A:

a)Northing: 3450269.11

b)Eastings: 10515523.18

Station B

a)Northing : 3450559.90

b)Eastings: 10515318.20

Instrument used:
The following instruments were used during this traverse exercise:

1. Total station.
2. Tripod mounted prism.
3. Plumbline.
4. Tripod stand.

Scheme of the exercise:

The control points were set up in the area by making a closed traverse in the area required to
be mapped. These control points cover all the area to be mapped.
Procedure:
 1. First of all, a suitable location for establishing control points was selected after a thorough
inspection. A sketch showing position of selected points is attached as Anx- A.
2. Wooden pegs are used that are driven on to ground to mark the position of the control points .
3. The traverse exercise was started by setting up of total station( levelling and centering) at one
control point referred as “A” and a prism on a tripod at other control point referred as “ B”.
4. Three rounds of horizontal angle were measured at all station.
5. The distance between two traverse station( control points) was measure twice and the mean of
two was used in the traverse of computation.
6. Bearings and coordinates of required points were calculated from the observed angles and
distance and corrected applied. The easting and northing errors generated from the
coordinates is used to find fractional linear misclosure(F.L.M).

Computation of the results:

Bearings:

1. Bearing of the base line was computed from the given coordinates of control points B and A
being (E=10515318.20, N=3450559.90, H=1833.27)

and (E=10515523.18, N=3450269.11, H=1829.57) respectively.

Using the formula tan -1 = ΔE / ΔN we calculated the bearing of the base line B → A which
was found to be 144°49’11’

2. Bearings of the remaining lines were computed by combining the observed angles with
opening bearing of the base line. These were obtained as follows:

Points Bearings
B→A 144°49’11”
B→C 263°04’16’’
C→D 189°05’46’’
D→E 100°55’32’’
E→F 125°17’26’’
F→A 54°58’28’’
A→ B 324°49’11”

 No errors were found in computations as they had already been corrected beforehand.

Coordinates:

1. Coordinates of the stations were computed by combining the bearings of lines ( θ ) with
the distance of lines and coordinates of the known points. For this purpose, we used
these two formulas for eastings and northings:
EB = EA + ΔE where ΔE = L*sinθ , and
NB = NA + ΔN where ΔN = L*cosθ
The coordinates were found as follows:
 Points Eastings(ft) Northings(ft)

Point C 10515045.49 3450526.758

Point D 10515018.44 3450357.829
Point E 10515229.68 3450317.053
Point F 10575409.81 3450189.561
Point A 10515523.25 3450269.069

The coordinates found after applying the correction:

Points Eastings(ft) Northings(ft)

Point C 10515045.46 3450526.78

Point D 10515018.40 3450357.85
Point E 10515229.62 3450317.08
Point F 10575409.74 3450189.60
Point A 10515523.24 3450269.08

2. Misclosures of eastings and northings and the Fractional Linear Misclosure (FLM) were
computed as follows:

Error in Northings: 0.04 ft

Error per station: 0.04/5= 0.008ft
Error in Eastings -0.07 ft
Error per station: -0.07/5= 0.014ft
F.L.M = 1 in ΣD/e
= 1 in 1375.92/0.0806225
= 1 in 17000

a. Summary of Results:
The following are the final coordinates of the point calculated after applying
corrections:
b.
c.

S/No Points Easting (ft) Northing (ft)

1 A 10515523.24 3450269.08

2 B 10515318.20 3450559.90

3 C 10515045.46 3450526.78
 4 D 10515018.40 3450357.85

5 E 10515229.62 3450317.08

6 F 10515409.74 3450189.60

Analysis of Results:

We used a total station for our measurements have least count 10 seconds, we took the reading three
times to minimize errors from left and right phase each. It was a fine weather with good conditions
during observations . Luckily, we achieved the highest accuracy standards achieved with no error.

Weather Conditions:
1. The day had a pleasant atmosphere throughout the day.
2. It was cloudy and carried minimum wind passing by.
3. Altogether, it provided the optimum atmosphere to note down coordinates.

Conclusion :
The coordinates calculated during this traverse exercise meet the required accuracy standards and can
be used for making topographic map of the area.

Syndicate Members
Talha Mustafa
Syed Saif Ali Shah
Muhammad Hadi Amin
Muhammad Ali Mir
Shaheer Ahmed
Shuja Ur Rehman
Mujtaba Babar
Sinan Ahmed Khan