B

Linear Equations L!son 1

Sahjahrat Sukumar

level

Improve thinking

your

tog.at thinking

mind

Analytical

Level

Raise your Ig

quetions

Forming

Linear hepations

He

Approach Logout

Understand the problem

variables

and use hers number of

Try

Based Problems

Bogut to digits

o to 9

Aib c d digits

used to represent Base 9

digits

34 3 10 14

No ab loath

bt C
at 10

No also Loo to

reversed and added

when

2 number

91 A digit in 1H How
many

number results

the original

numbers
are pomille

such

at

number be
Sdn

Let the

ab ba 121

121

loatbelobta

9 2 11 Total 9 za

11 atb 11 8 numbers

It

abort Cba 626 How numbers are possible

Q2

many

a 626

t Coo et to be

100 at lo b t e

20 6 62 by

lol aec t

Balancing

Unit digit

o
a

626

lol x 6 t dots

626
20 1

bob t

5 1

ate 6

It 5

2 14
smh mhm Mik

31,32

Tt I

610 016 626

10
6

decreesis
3456

when reversed
try
number

93

A 4 digit
are possible
such numbers

How many

number be abcd

Let the
Sorn

de ba 3456

abcd

Ioood Loo c lob 3456

tooo at loobtloc c of a


999 Ca d 90lb c 3456

dff Ybmj

Unit

6 0 6

C 3456

999 4 90lb

c 3456

3996 goCb

450

90lb c

b c 56

Also a d

U O

6 O
I

b t

24 such numbers

Total 9 6

aeC

atd btcaed 9a.mx

noon

barbed _slate be 9

bit annex
dm

b 5

dr 9
yes

QI

Sohn
At the number he abcd

btc atd

bed 5 atc

18

at
bted 9

btc 9 Contd 2

at C 3 bed 15

min _6 Cmx L

We want condition only bmex 9 cmon o

Amex 3 cmon o 6

bmx a 9 bim

Amin I cmu 2 min 7 bmax 9



b 7 18 19 21

Sum all possible values of

of

Let number be atsc

a b b c at C 2b

at b t C 9 b

at C 6

6 0

6 Such numbers

QI

whies ofd

no All possible

Shh Let abed be the u digit

at b ctd btc 2 aid

multipleof

zcaed 61

atbtced 2Latb

to 4 digits

Multiple of D so e belonging

d max wake
can be 9

as a b c

24 30 36

Suppose at beced _24

a'd's bee no

2ot

WI


8 dmi.ir

dmey 7amin 1

Carin 5

from here fumof values of d

Coney admin 3
25

3 4 5 677

Suppose at b iced 30
6q2

20J

btc

atd to
Atb Ctd is

15
L

Not possible as

acb c d are digits

So the equations wont hold true for hjhes

halves bead

of at

So sum of all ponible values

3 4 5 6 17

of

25

QI

ab bae 81

A dual faulty
a 6

ba 9

sold ab orca 63 81

ab 90

price Pq VP Only pomihilif

54

qp z
48,1

pq EuIl

as

400 at lobe c

Abc e b a 792 zgz

looe c lob ta

99Ca e 792

b o to 9 lovelies

a c g

possibilities Z

hubris
So tot no
of

From the 2ndcondition cel

a 9

at be 18 b 8 So the number

is 1981T

It A 4 digit number when multiplied by 4 gets marred

number
of that

Find sum
of digits

Analytical method

Sot

Method

ab e d

X Y

d e b a

as number L 10100

9 is either l ok 2

be odd

be 1 as deba cannot

but a cannot

so la

8oR9_

has to be either

D 8 3

So
if d x

but I a

B 13
b I c 217

Z b c 8 4 2 3 LD

x 4 with 5

e 7E

noba.fm
3
Also bis cette

Lor 2 4 71

b cannot be 2 as b u 3

So


2 1 78 of reverse is 8712

So number is

21 I 8

X y

8712

Method

as 2 d 8

b 2

4 8 c

b c 8 x

lo b t 2

32 8000 1 too c t

400 b t 40 C t

Soyo

39 o b t 30 Go C

13 b t I 2C

b 2

onyponibility

2178 8 712

In

 L!son 2

remainder is 5
number is divided by 8
When a

13 remainder is
number is divided by
When the same

Statements
OR Logically Equivalent

are bundled in groups of 8

When books in library
are
bundled in groups of
out When they
5 are
left
out
3 4 are left

N dx qtr
quotient
Reminder
Number Dunisor

N Sn 15 13g 14
FOR
PUT VALUES ON LARGER COEFF
method
LESSER NUMBER Of CASES
I Hot 4 Trial

values on the layer coff for laser no

of cases
Always put

Su 15
by 14 3 xx
I I x x notinlefu y
Sn
By y Y n

y 2 X X
y
N Sent5 I 69
By y 5 8
 69 St s
Fk 5
hey g

69 t 4

69 1
3
5 4 s T Ir
8 13

N 69 1 104k

Method lower coefficient

method 2 Remainder
Decide by
Sent 5 t 4
By o

EE Ele 31 1
g3 o
g 5 13 5 5y le
n 8
y ay
N 69 1104k

boots are bundled

in groups of 19,14 are
911 In a when
library 23119 are

when they are bundled in groups of

left out 4 boots in library
N is the number of
left out Tf
halves of n 22800
how many

SHI N Ian 114 23g 119

 i
nh Yg In

Y In
D n 16
y 30,4

19,23 k
N 23 13 119 1 LCM

318 t K LcmLl9 23

kLCM 19,23 318L 2500

437K L 2082

K L 4 xx

5 halves
k 011,2 3,4
 Concept
8 u 15 1Y 6 k
N By
APseries with CD 13 8 113K
N 8 21
as weff ofy
y
15
APseries with CD as 5 18k
y

AP series with OD
II 173 277
I69 1 104K
N toy Gg
Lcm of coeff ofMy

LCM 8113 104k

No solutions depends on the Gyu coff

of Cx 1 XcY
Coeffnofy
K
8 21 34 47
N s

a
Solution depends

on the layer off

n Is 13k if
8N I
13g
Is 1811
y

x will have
laser number ofterns
In a gown rage
will on n
of solution depend
 No non negative integral solution of
012 of
2kt 7 85
y
Me as laser
7 Solution will depend upon
HI n

2 no of solutions
y

85
2utty
85
2n
7g
85
72 39
Ymir I Umex
Z

buries as 39 7k
X

18 1 11 Y 6 Solutions
39 32 25
a

Ks 39 I 5 xx
39 7k 20

k 0 to 5 Gsolutions

913
CATTI
Ibl L 150
7b 3 191 L 150
Yat
solutions
Find the number of integral
Sdn
Ua 76 3

Ele
3
f bl.ae
b l
Its
y

a l

on a
7k Sdn depends
a I

Lal 150
2150
150
II 17kt
I I 7h1

150 C l 17k C 150

151 CK 21497
I

21 43 metres
K G E 21

go to Iso
300 numbers Incase options
Alternate approach
are given
aeries as I 7
A
y
y
a yo
yo
 solutions
QM 3N 781 Find number of non negative integral
by
Soh O

LHS 3k solution
No
RHS 31

solutions

Special care For the q non negative integral

ant k
by

I beths a qb are factors of II

I we integral solution

the integralSdn

solution of
integral
Non
negative qpon.h.ae
3Mt 120 Soh
My u won negative integral
120 to
Solms
9 the integral
3 4

k
When one a'f b is a factor
of
II any of
tD sobs
non
negative wilful
n.mn
I
atb n positive integral colors
 Eef 5a 8b 230
6 non negative inleful Sdm
g Solms
8 xx Steve integral
23,0
5 8

in
3 variables
Linear Egm

solutions 7
30
No of the integral
5 2n 52
13g 2nd
convert 3d to
largest coeff q
on the
HI Make cases

cases
lesser number of
for sobs
2 cannot start from 0 for the wilful
Z
I
on n
25 solution depends
dnt
by
0
274 2523 1
I U 11
y solutions
4 the integral
5 2
I 81

solutions
II 2 L
3 33 3 the integral
20
2n 20
12g 2 3
I t 2Mt 15 II 2 xx 2 the integral sobs
by 2 3

b I xx 1 the integral
2n to
I 13g 273 golf

I Z
antsy
5 n i
y
1 nlsoln.es
ltueinly
as
Not possible
u o Xx
2nt3y o oy
2 6
we are looking for
152 30
Total no
of
the integral
solutions
of 2utzy

is 4 3 2 t l t l I

I went to buy
Mbo
with me
9 home is Rs 8
816 where price
cakes of Chablis
Ice creams How many
diff
respectively 9
as 5 as 31 piece
9 buy
of
silents can
these
Combinations of each category
atleast 1 of
home to buy

Sohni Let icecream cakes of Cheetahs 9 buy be 2

12 an
 82 60
3
5ft
n t

1 Z
Cge
3N t 58
52
1 0
331 52551 12 11 5
3

YI n 41
3
14

N s 14 9 y 3 the
integral
solutions

Chef 2

232 60 16 44
1 Ey

n m 2
fn
0
z
1,2

13
I n
Y 331

N 2 13 I 8 3 3 the integral solutions

Cases 2 3

60 24 36
3nt5y 2 the integral
solutions
2 xx
36_
3 5

Casey 7 4
32 28
60
3Mt
5g
o
34 In
28,11 II
2 6
1 71
solutions
6 I 2 the integral
U

Aset 8 5
Go 40 20
gutsy
Sdn
1 xx lame wilful
I
543

2 6 3Mt 60 48 12
Cased try
12 0 xx otueinlyvlsoln.LY uute
this
3 5 after
Are 7 2 7 I 3 bu 56 4 owe wilful Sdn
merry

Total It
L!son 3

AI

Backtracking Computer reverse

Concept
of
cheetahs at eachstep
R denotes Remaining
Youngeton

Rt 4 11
11 4 15 3g R

RIZO

Middle son
20
R t 4
f I 20 4 24
R

Return
12 36

Eldest son 36
R 13
36 3 39 Iz R
Return

R 78
So initially Bala had 78 number of chodates
018

52

240
Pt STR 1T
P 80
312 240
P s Rtt
Iz 5 60
45 240
S
Pt Rtl
13 48
2uo R
5R
R Pts 1T
Ly

T 240 80 160 148

240 188
52
 91

G Cz Cz Cg Cio
n y
rest
the makes of the
to double
He has t inidely
y
Go 4 a

19 4 linty
y
u 12

12
OR Gut est 14
120

Rainy obscene

lochs Customer R I
Iz R 1
Ott Rz
Return

Rauf
R I
9th customer t
RI I 112 Z

R 3 I D

3
8th customer ZR
3tlz Rz
23 D
2 7

I
I 1024 1
2
1st customer
1021
 A frienof
x
2A x
Astound

Zndromf 212A x X

4A 3X

3rdRoed z YA 3x X

8A 77

I
SA 7 X LUO 114A zx 12A X

140 16A UX
8A 7 X

140 2A 140 3 X
2A 39

X 2A 2x
g
160
I 4A 3 2160 1 ZA

140 13 2 160

x
 Initially A
astound 2A X

2ndRound 4A 3X

3rdRound 8A 7 x

10th Round 1024A 1023 X

1023
1024A 1023 X

A to be
an integer
for
A 1023
1024 1 102 44
1024 are coprime
As 1023 of

X 1023
X 11 min 1024 min
923

initial number of toys

Let L he the

actual faulty

numbers ba
ab
sold
qp
pn.ee pq
L ba
L ab
heft

a b 8
b 72
L ba L tab 72 9Ca

Possibilities 9 I s 1g actual
8 0 8 180

Actual price 38
83
faulty price
19
124
Gp 360

Friend
Methodd Gambler

Backtrack 0 27
3rd round After
before 142
I
3p 3p1142 7172
Second round After P
E
Z
Before 71
y

p p 171
First round After 71 y
a
111
y

3
Before HI
12

Now 2ft 360

3p p a

p 60
U
60 55
Ritual amount _1
12
Method
Tribal A friend
amount
t
first Round 3A p
3k
2nd Round 213A p sp

6A Fp

3rdRound UGA sp 2p 24
360

go
p
gp

0
416A op 210

0
20
24A zop

A Yzf
nap
125

cassettes
IDs
numbers u y
10
50
price
2000
Tot cost g on Loy
200
Entry
Ion
21000
1502
Coo
antsy

but
by
1300 ntyE
E 50
Zoo su
Uty
Y 39 5
U
V
to 39 38 10
D I
37 115
195 to 5
ye
i

n Umin 37.5
Alternate so
ymen
N 38139 2 cases

38 110 if 4 So DVD as
21
926

n
odd number turn up he
Let
te
even number
Gm V F n varies as 9k
i e coeff off
ueries as ble
ie
4y n
but 117 coffof
9g g
9k Sok 70
o 70 117
2n
3g
39 n
y f 616 4y

39 l a 18
EYE 321In
o
y

n 18 3k 70
o to 6 7ways
K E f k
927
928
L!son 4

n variables n equations for uniqueSdn

Usually
CONCEIT 2 Equations
3 Variables of
cS of

7Banana Rs168
A Mango ZApple
7B Rs 168
IM 5A
930
M 40 4 likewise
7A t lo B
IM a

9M t 23 A t 30 B

Sohn 2 equations
3uariables
values for all the
Determine unique
We cannot

unknowns

unique values can

a particular
set
of
only
calculated
be
factor
Multiplying
has infinite
x K
7B Rs 168
IN a 5A possibilities

im a 7A lob M 40
J No hit trial
will work
9M t 23A 130 B

Companingcoefficients
x 5
N 9
ty
 5kt 45 have 3 variables
JJ whenever we
In 23
17g is ALWAYS
2 equations There
22
2g Cannot he
ONE POSSIBILITY
11
y determined
n 9 111 20

have to arrive at this

am 123A 1301 So we

7 20 10711
the halves of
So 7kt 4 Check whether
Loy
30 satisfy for Bonaire
Satisfies may

been asked Answer would

Tf 9Mt 23A 129 B or 9oB would have

have been CBI

9M t 23 A 30 B 168 20 11 240

3360 2640

I 720

Concept Multiplying
Factor
5A t 12 M t 1GB I 2750
when coefficients
are in AI
15 B I zooo
23A t 19 M t

IA t 1M t 1B
 7 7
Sdn 5AtTzm gB
T
275o Multiphyyfactoris
3b
23A y 19 M t
15 B common Difference of
u y
the alternate expression
1A t IM 2B

A
t.ae
48 M 11 000 common difference of
t t 76 B
4 28
Xy 25200
7
Ib l A 133 M t 105 B 28
q

181 A t 181 M 1181 B 36200

IA im 1B 2001

ohlems
AgePn
old were
9am Games as as you
B
931 A says to are
What is

was as old as
you
when I n
y forfack
A B
T
the ratio of B ee A
A was as old as
cozynd
N g years ago Cn y
thin B mas
y

ftp.I nyearsdd
Seth A n
A Cy
4
Present age
k y
Ju yyears n yay
n

y en y ng 8g
2g n
 A said to B 9 am 4times as old as were
93 you
what will be
when 9 was 43rd of your age
their is 46years
now If
sum of ages
2years from
find the A
age of

A B
12
y y

N
fly
Izly 12 years
THg.en.i.com
before

12
N Uy un e
Izly

5N my 14 85

8
15 u 16ft
46
46 Rt
Nty 16
736 18
3in 16 46 t 8
744
 the a man was 20
933 10
years ago age of years
his son's 10 years hence
less than 6 times age
less than
will he 30 years
his age
how many
years
his son's After
thrice age
is 90 years
combined age
now theer
from

Father Soe
n
bn 20
Iago
n 110
Present bn 20 10
br lo

ut 20
Gn
Fence
30
bu 3cm 120

3N 30
Yoo
n 10 Present age µYauf
so
grown Gn ao
not son 25 Father 65
5years from
90
fam
L!son 5

Reciprocal quations

types solution
we integral

In ty
to gntegal
solution
solution
conditional
To
ta
t
try

special gnations
Factorizing

Typet
of Ty
tutty
wtf Yy
my

Mn
0 FACTORIZATION
ny My

14Cy M 196
ly
secy

n ly M 196
y
 CONCEPT

Azt By I
Diag
wn k At Bx Ct
n Ac B c
Cy

with
company

It g IT
R 1 14 1 14 1 1 142
y
14
Cy M 191

5 12 2 5 122
2 12
GI Cy
2ft Ig Iz 1440
bo 10 144
n 24
y
TYPE
solutions
c Find number of positive integral
H
Int ly Iq
Integral
solutions

Sohni
Int Ly Ty
143 196
n ly y

I
 M 14 196
Ch y 196 x I
Ix 196
1 196.1196 1
1 196 n 15 210
y zx 98
15 4
210
196 1 u y 4 49
y
g q
Values 7 X 28
182 13 Lux M
196 1 N
Y µ ly 14
1 28 0
N 28
y
n y
allowed
Not
For each set of product
like 1 196
of factors
I
solutions
4 integral

solutions
Prime factorization i the integral

2 4 1 9
N p pi p
solutions
factors
aixaz x.az Integral
1or 17
4 4
196 22 72
factors 9
GENERALIZATION

s En Ey Ie
solutions
positive integral
D Number of
ABC
No
of
factors of
solutions

2 Number of Integral
I
2x No offactors of
Abd

E to

O
No of factors Bx C
solutions
integral
D No
of positive of ABC2
ABC
solutions 2x factors of
2 No of integral I

AB
En they L 2 Abd l
B
 935 Zn t
dy If
actus
solos
the integral
of
solutions
of integral
62 2 33
3
Sot ABC 2

4 4 16
factors

solutions Factors of ABC

the integral

16

2 16 I
solutions
of integral
31936

Integral solutions for In Ey Is

15
2234 factors
ABC 4 9 9
Sdn
2 15 I 29
Solutions

937 Positive integral

solutions of In Ey

4 9 9
N 4 3
y 19ps
1 324
2 27 324
2 162 Cy
3 108 324 1 1 324 1 324
324 1
3M 12
Ux 81 N 32412

i t.in p m
351
9 36 1 27

12 27

18 18 8dm
pontine integral

n 20 Y yetis
127727
f
or afmza.gs
OR.se iz 12
y
727 27
12 727 7 12 727 12 y iz
x x
1 324 Ix 324 324 x I 324 x l x
x x
2 162 2x 162 162 X Z 162 X Z
X x
3 108 3X 108 ios x 3 ios x 3

si i ff
i i
36 36 x 9 36 x 9
9 Gx 36
x
x 12 x 12
X 12 07
2
X
12 27
x
27
x
zz

X 18 180 18x Ig 18 X 18 18 X 18

Nothing satisfies Nothing satisfies

Nothing sekefies
 No
positive integral
solution
for
In Ey Iz

I2
Cy 127 o
324

127727
n i y
He be we for
Cn ID should
the values producttobe
only ue
this
from
bformAI4m Generalize
me
should be only
127727 y
3µm y
f
2 x 162
Product 324
3 X lo f u
122 12
Q

T.ua i i
x 36 u
9

12 x 27 X
x 18 X
18
1127 column
are
column 4
6 wakes from
the Lx 12 y
than 12 4 27
respectively
greater
 which more than BE
of ABG
is
if Choose factors

BC BC c 127 727
y y

TYPE 2 the
solutions
integral
938
put try f63
SDI a
in try 3

to lie of the
have
n 4
solution y
FOR the integral
7a2 7b2
form
Let us 7a2
752
Y

2
y
13ft
OR t
Iff
solutions
the integral
La
t
Ly Iz factors of
AB.CI xllX1x32
288 2

3
192 3
 Conditional Solutions TYPE 3 my y
96 X 6
939
Lm
t
In Tz
72 8

integers gy g
m g n are positive
48 x 12
C 60
n is odd integer 36 X 16

No of solutions 32 x 18
24 24

4142 factors
M IT Cn 48 26 32
4 144
n 60 7 3 21
n ng L 28
factor
also beodd
n 48 should Total solutions
would have been
2 21 I 41 Solution
576 1u n 49
51 n tht
gz z n
for zuahes f
n 57 are 3 corresponding
values of
64 x 9 r
i m
n 60
Afterthis
solutions satisfying
Total 3 we integral
conditions
the the
solutions satisfying
OR 3 2 6 integral
conditions

Detailed Analysis below 3

 5 CX 576 57
X 5 76
x
288 x 2
288 2 2x 288
2X 288

3 X 19 2 3 192 19273J
x
1 YY 144 4 h x I YY 144 4
4
96 6 96 96 6
6 96 f

sa
x
48 48 12 12 X 48 48 12
12 X x
16 X 36 36 16 lb X 36 36 16
a
18 X 32 32 18 18 X 32 32 18

24 24 24 Ivy 24 24 24
Ay x x

solutions
No integral
940
In13g Eg
n 0
of

A r
k 29 3 293 1 3 292
y
factors 6

N 292 29 5 solutions
for H2o

than
292 3 292 factors more 21
29
I 3 29,3
 II I 3 29 3 29 292 3 292
snakes

of b n
Spe type
solutions
Find the integral
941 of b2 63

63 than 0
atb be greater
I Ca b a E b
to
a b for than
at b s members is greater
2 the numbers
Sum of 2 positive
difference
of
32 Cofactors
63 7 9 OR 7
a b atb 63
b 3I
2e 64 a _32
IX 63
322 312 63
q2 b2 63 ok
633111

9 122 92
3 21 Za 24

b I 82 92
Za 16 a S
7 x 9

2 fathers
3 writing
as a
product of
6factors ways of
OR 3 the solutions
 No of solutions No offectross
al b 63
Z
solutions
6 3 positive integral
of here
2

there can
the 3 solutions
Now for each of

be 9 integral solutions
be 3 I
a 32
1 63
32 3 1

32

32

solutions
So 3 pontine integral

solutions
3 4 12 integral

We cannot take a
31 be 32

because 3D 325

632
than b
a should be greater
So magnitude of

well
This goes with
as
perfect queries
 solutions
942 of 62 441 find no of integral

Sohn 9 factors
441 32 72 3 3

1 441 a b2

atbzt.ME
9 x 49
xyixuui aa au
221 I 221
a
La 442
HT 21 x 2 U O b 220 I 220
21 c O

4X4 t Z
a b 21
16 12 18 uxy
atb
as 21 be 0
factors x y 292 U2
OR

184
21 solutions
pontine solutions
18 integral
9 4
2

total no of
843 of h2 452 Find solutions
c Positive integral

solutions
Eu Integral
Soen
452 5 32 3452

5 3 15 factors
of h2 45

solutions
Total integral
15 2 30
y
factors

solution
the integral the O one
Remove
b 45 45
b Cat

7 solutions is 1 14 factor

7 ways of a
as
representing 2
of
product
numbers my
such but nay
GENERALIZATION

of 42 K

k is an ODD number
typed
solutions
positive integral

C fadoosof
factory
I
perfectguare

Take away then

b
atb _45 45
arts Ef La b this here
o wedon'twant
452 a

solutions
integral
total number of
factors x 2
y
Categorized

Mathematically
numbers
4kt 2
Even
number
k is an EVEN ya

the 4k 12
K is even number of type

2 2K 11
4kt 2
p t
even
odd
 2
of 62 4kt
11
212k
b atb
Ca
odd x even
x odd
01 even

a b odd at b even

a b odd
atb
of even
not integers
in this case

rag bare
SOLUTION
So NO INTEGRAL

the 4k
i k is even number of type

Divide the
number by 4
Steps CASE
like ODD NUMBER
Proceed

of 62 4K

Ca b Cat b 4k has no solution

me as odd xener
EVEN
OREVEN X

atb k
a b

So either even
em K odd
ok odd odd
 solutions
h2 1614 No ofintegral
a j
QUI
1614 4kt 2
Sot
No solution

solutions
240 No of integral
a2 h
guys

Sdn 240 4k

22 3 5
60
2,40 3 2 2
Y factors
12 factors

b solutions
solutions
Total the integral izz
4 24 solutions
solutions 122
Total integral
solutions
No of integral
91k 92 62 1200

22 3
52
zoo
Sdn 12oz
I 3 2 3
factors
18

4 36
Solutions 112
 120
92 b
Gf Suppose
120
Ca b Cat b
No solution
120 even x odd
Ix
2
3X YO

U
x
f

8 x 15

factors 8

4 11
Integral Sots Szx
factors
I
solutions
the integral
Summary: Integral Solutions

solutions

Special care For the g non negative integral

ant k
by

I broths a gb are factors of II

I we integral solution

a
the integralSdn

solution of
h.ae integral
Gf Non
negative 4 pon
3Mt my 120 Soh
11 won negative integral

t20 to
Solms
9 the integral
3 4

k
When one a'f b is a factor
of
II any of
tD sobs
non
negative wilful
n.mn
I
atb n positive integral colors

Egf 5a 8b 230
6 non
negative inleful Sdm
g
8 xx Steve integral Solms
23 0
5 8
 in
3 variables
Linear Egm

solutions 7
30
No of the integral
5 2n 52
13g 2nd
convert 3d to
largest coeff q
on the
HI Make cases

cases
lesser number of
for sobs
2 cannot start from 0 for the wilful
Z
I
on n
25 solution depends
dnt
by
0
274 252311
I U 11
y solutions
4 the integral
5 2
I 81

solutions
I 2 2
3 33 3 the integral
20
2n 20
12g 2 3

I t 15 II 2 xx 2 the integral sobs

2ntzy 2 3

I xx 1 the integral
2n to
I 13g 273 Sof
I Z
antsy
5 n i
y
I nlsoln.es
ltueinly
as
o X x Not possible
u
2nt3y o oy
2 6
we are looking for
152 30
Total no
of
the integral
solutions
of 2utzy

is 4 3 2 t l t l 1

Reciprocal quations

types solution
we integral

In To solution
If gntegal
solution
conditional

ta
t
try Fro 255
5th 55
Felt n y

Special gnations
Factorizing
 EPT
CONC

Azt By Iz
Diary k
w n Ac B c At Bx 4
y

GENERALIZATION

A I I
C
y
u

solutions
positive integral
D Number of
ABC
No
of
factors of
solutions

2 Number of Integral

ABC2 I
2x No offactors of

E to
of factors
No Bx C
integral solutions
D No
of positive of ABC2
ABC
solutions 2x factors of
2 No of integral I
GENERALIZATION

of 42 K

k is an ODD number
typed
solutions
positive integral

C fadoosof
factory
I
perfectguare

Take away then

b
atb _45 45
arts Ef La b this here
o wedon'twant
452 a

solutions
integral
total number of
factors x 2
y
Categorized

Mathematically
numbers
4kt 2
Even
number
k is an EVEN ya

the 4k 12
K is even number
of type

2 2K 11
4kt 2
p t
even
odd
 2
of 62 4kt
11
212k
b atb
Ca
odd x even
x odd
01 even

a b odd at b even

a b odd
atb
of even
not integers
in this case

rag bare
SOLUTION
So NO INTEGRAL

the 4k
i k is even number of type

Divide the
number by 4
Steps CASE
like ODD NUMBER
Proceed

of 62 4K

Ca b Cat b 4k has no solution

me as odd xener
EVEN
OREVEN X

atb k
a b

So either even
em K odd
ok odd odd
L!son 6

Introduction To Polynomials

au't hate 0 Quadratic equation

an3tlintened O Cutie equation

equation
0 Biquadratic
an 1 bn't cute due e

OR Fn
y
n
y
n
y
Jn Jn
L
Wigmore.towards
X
Queenan
X

lowerpower
higherpower a
nhighnpower
ylownpouth
y

Factorizing quadratics

au't but C O
the quehin
o 4ps are rootsof
a Cn 2 n p
E
b M
HP n

La

O n 314
0 Cnt 3 Cut4
7 u 112
G N
 n't 7 nti 2 0
Plotting
12
12
Neo
y

i
5 3
y or M
i n 7n 11220 j
Such that ng
Co j
U2 7 u 112
y n C 3
y

Solve for u
947
2 76
76
OR
i 2h2 un 19 8
O 19 8 11
Ii 2n2 11N 76
2h2 19 n 18 n 76
0
FE

haEYIH.io
roots
sein First Aid
0
Lin 76
2n2 Y
1114272 192
R n l1I
U fullfreph
method or
Luie
either through
Ne't Think graph

i i
4 19 2
ye
 1912 A
v
es y
c
Y E f
19 2
ii
y
E L y

Some Formula
Useful

a3 b3 a b Ca't abt b2

atb a2 ab 162
a3tb3
2 92 62 1 Zab
b

2 92 62 Zab Ibn
a b
an2b an 35
an bo
a b
an bn odd n

divides
an bn for
a b always

be ac
ab
A3tb3tc3t3abc Catbtc Ca2tb2tc2
ca bjeb c5 cc
lzcatbtc7
aJJN.tt

forms

htt a
U
a 2
NHL
ur 3 D
a3 n3tLn c3 nttn
n3tL d za Ntl
n3 93 39
n 2 1,3
z
a2 2
Mtyny
 n I a
n
V
N't I It 2
r
r
U2

Mt L a3e3a
us

re
the

998 Nt I 7
U

n3tfz tfy
Wtf
Sohn 7
n 11
u

n2tL 72 2 47
m2
3 343 21 322
7 3 7
z3yL
u3
Z 2 2207
7 Z 2209
NY 1L
uh

949 5
Tf n1
In
D n't
2
Http
Sdn
ignites Mt NHL nth

52 2 5
53 3 5

237 5
125 15

110 23 5

5
2530

2525
n't
ii
netty 44th http
110
2525 x 23

57965

MY I 322
950
run

nut
U2

attn
n
tu
as NHLuz20
nut L 322
fdn
my
d g
2 322 Isnt cannot be 18
form 2
2 324 I 18 18
 NHL 18
m2
of 12 18
forints AZ 2 18
92 16
92 20 a 14
N I ly
a 12ft Ln
U 11 212 if
u

specialformy

I Nt
Ln
F

3D
Ktla
Mtn 3N Ln

t 3D 3 B
n3

n3 1 0 Nbt l o
n3

n I
951 Ne
Lu if
4
n55tu
8 8 Nb
90 t n in
2 n n

Got Nbt 1 0
Nt
Ln Fs

if n55 1m55

t
fun n
Insp n

U I
n

In
53

ie who n
84
ate uh uh

u
62 rebel n't I I
n 84C n 1

0 to tot I I
 952 Nt
Ln 4

value
of tu'T
R2 3 Ntl

Sot Wel
m2 Wentz
NZ 3 Ntl n n 34th

Nbt 1 43 3 4 64 12 52
us
y 3
3
nth

n4t3n3t5U2 13Mt I p
953 Ntl 5
n
uh 11

N4t3n3t5UZ 13N 11
uh 11

15 52 3157 15
n Nlt Luz t
3
Mtu 2

52 2

µ Wttw z3t
23
43 23
954 N 2h35 Nbt NYenke I
n3
L
Bohr
Fetus attn

2 2 B
3

us a sa

52 14 562
 256 I Chin
98 5
If n 5
my

Wey 27 7

nosey 3mg y yn
2
sit Ins 12
Solve n2ty42ny city UH Lu
3
3
n3ty3 3mg Http
5 256
N 5 1256 uh lazy
I lo
Nt
n

N2t 102 2 98
In
NbtIq 103 30 970

2 Z
n t I 200
a
967
3
N L
NB
956 Snes 5 8h3 1
ZU 27h3

5 x
Sdn
3ntzn equivalentform
both sides to get
an
Multiplying
Zn t 1
10 I
3n 3

cubing Both sides

tooo
In Cent'zu
3 2n
t 27
8ns 1

12 toff
su
tizz
8

8ns 1 log If
C 995
b 997
956 a 999
be ac
ab
a2tb2tc2
ab be ac
at btc Ca2tb2tC2
Sdn a3 h3 c3 3 abc

Zt AJ
Cat
btc bFt E c

From here
we get 2
Ica b 2TCb e5 Cc a

a4b2tc2 ab be a c
2
t 16 12
1224 t U 212
Summary of Introduction to Polynomials

Some Formula
Useful

a3 b3 a b Ca't abt b2

atb a2 ab BZ
a3tb3
2 92 62 1 Zab
b

2 92 62 Zab Ibn
a b
an2b an 35
an bo
a b
an bn odd n

divides
an bn for
a b always

be ac
ab
tb3tc3t3abc Catbtc Ca2tb2tc2
b tb 92 6 5
ca
Iz Catbec
Rt Informs

Nt I a
U
a 2
Wt L
ur 3 3 nttn
D
a3 n3tLnz
n3tl d za Ntl
n3 93 39
n 2 1,3
z
a2 2
Mtyny
 N a
In
N't I It 2
L
A
m2

n3 I a3e3a
us

re
the

specialformy

I Nt
Ln
F

3D
Ust 3N Ln Ktla
ut t
t 3r3 3 B
NIL
n's

n3 1 0 Nbt l o
n3

n I
L!son 7

k are positive integers

957 Equation 5nt9y my
solutions
1 when k 252 find no
of

which the equation

minimum
value of
K for
4 Find
6solutions
will have
the equation
K which
value of for
l find man

will have 7 solutions

SMI 252 solutions

l
5nt9y g non negative integral
8 solutions
22 56 5 pontine integral
2,5

on n which
Solution depends
2 5n K 9
9y in steps of
the layer coeff
haries

sin k
9g
Let u S be the largest
value taken
by
a
fu which
integers
both x 4 are positive
y
 u will wary as Sn S
9g
So we have Si Si 9 S 18 S 27 S 36 Si YJ

is asked
in the question it
so on However since

6 pontine solutions we take from

sherifially fu
Si 45 is the minimum
S to Si 45 Where

value of N
foorwble positive integral
ninian
51 46 u
of s 45 1
snygy.rs
5N 5 46 230 A 46 I
y
37 6
So 5kt K 28 11
9g
For I 19 He
kmin take Yumi
lo U
5Mt 2301 9 I 26
9J
5u 239
19g
So Mui 239

the series
also
we also think with of y
can alternately
Gsolution 20 S2
S2 S2 15,52110,521 15,521
Y Meryminds
Sime we want Knin S2 Min 1 but shill m m
 So 52 25 2

5kt 9 26 5kt 234 K min

5nt9y
k at n
min urbe of
5 234 239 Knin
5Mt
9g

5N K U intern
9y 4 y are positive
as next nature
will be
U Si Si 9 S 54 max 0
can I

beg
N decreases
S 63
y
increases has an
y increasing sequence

St 54 9
Sz Sz 15 Sz 110 52 30 31
y
S2 min I
52 Max 5 becomes 0 before 5
y
52 30 35
y

So Kmax
5nt9y
5 9 9 35 Konex

k my 45 131 5 361
OR N Sa S2
y
63 5
he
y
5kt k.mx
9g
315 45 360
Knox 5 63 1 9 5

958 12kt k
7g
Find has 5 solutions
i kmin for which the equation
the equation has 6 solutions
ID kmex for which

Soth i Izu 17g K

K 12h
7g
value
Y S he the max off
24 Sl 36 Si 48
Yi Si Si 12 Si
1
Si 48
For min urbe of K y 49
51 Jmi n
Si 48 1

Knin at x l
12Mt 12 7 49 12 343 355
Fy
 ii K
unity 7y k 12N Solution depends
my

We can either consider series n a series of y

of

me let 7 K 12k
y y

Supp we consider k
6solutions
I d
solutions sit 35
U Si S 17 S 114 Si 121 S 128

increasing sequence

51 max 7

U 51735 42 max 12
Y
Kmex 12N 17 12 42 7 12 12 49 58 8
y
Inconsistent Consistent
quehins

3kt Gy lo l
f al
but Sy 20 2

Such
pair of equations cannot be
solved Infinite
COINCIDING LINES
aint big Cl

Ent
bzy Cz

Infinite solutions
dat but Azz

to
3nthy No will simultaneously
3
pair of nay satisfy
butty this
1
a
big
at
INCONSISTENT ez

Eduation
PARALLEL LINES

91 UNIQUE SON
I 2
 959

2n 3 8
y
66
pm qy Lane solutions
above infinite
find hcptq of equations
D

9 of equation alone has no solution

2 Fund gp if q

I 2n
by
8

pn qy

Infinite sohn 2ps

3g Sf
3 6433
p 4 6433 q
Stu
8 42

32 61
2 Y

Y ptg 4 993
2664
165

2 6
2
f g F q I p
31
960 3N 24
thy consistent equations Find valueof K2
15kt 8k are
Loy

Stn For
consistency
or solution to exist smile
adz biz

to
it should also be equal azz

24 5 8k K 15
 13
p
14 p 1ns
20
15 2 p lo Zp

30
lb Zp
GO
17 2 p 30 4p
18 up to
19 sp 140 500

sp sT
b4o p

20 150
Glo

21 Ibp 300

22 310
Ibp
23 3210
620

24 32ps 630
 25 Gyp 1260

l
on 25th 80
day p
64 80 1260
125
64 100 1260
If P Hoo
64 20 1280
diff

DI p
D2 34
D3 31
2
DU
3ft p 512
D5 151
2
Db 151
Dt I Dy t El 517 2542

D8 7

D9 75ft
D 375 p 24
501 12,51
962
963
 Ms Challenger

AGI

5 Q 30 500
Pt
P t s Zo Woo
 5 Btk 30 Soo
Pt

5 QTR 30 SCR 30 400

59 you D 80

5cg R zo 5L Q 307 300

SR Zoo

R Go

from
P t 5C so 3o 500

500 250 250

gp
9.65

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16months 5 2L stocks
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8months 4 8lakhs Wulf
1month 60,000
24months 144,000

He got LoL
stock 4
µ
half
66

dnt try LIZ 42

Z 42
2nt7y
3 solutions
422 nonnegative integral
7
Z 2n t
try 42 Il 31
 2nt7y 31
2n 31
ty
2
In 3
In
I
Itzy y Sdn
non negative integral
12
f
n

s n s
y

Z 2_ dnt try 42 22 20

soln
Z 1 xx nonnegative integral
f

7 1 2n 12g 42 33 9

9 n l nonnegative

1 tyg y integral
Sdn

Total 9
967

T
T
T
F

20
3p 8q
20 t Sq
3p
20
El 91
z W 0
3
he

2
q
p 12

P 12 t 8k

2 3K
of
12 18k E 203
197 E
191
197 I 273k E 203 185 E
S K E

195 E K E 21 TV 8 24
192
s
3 8 23 184
968

back
do by
cannot because
tracking is 20
bw
2ms
Abs diff end
in the

at a115

Joe a Paes
Sk Bubo
5k
2K 6k
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Y
Uk b lb
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ly
5k 5k
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3rd game Bobo Paes 3k Gk I 2

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969

600
 a
54ot6o 6
Jan RI
n 16012
Feb
March 164 2 160 118012

Apr Ceti 19
124034 1920319
too
Chtisdfutbo
MY
Tune 120 us 960 420 540
Ut4go

is
July
90
Any
backtracking
150 Also Do by
Sep
AKI
 Polynomials to both
transformation
Mutated Apply
Dowdendo Nd
Componendo of sides

Ey I
I 5
f aa

dated
a b
3
F
La b
Afb

Dividend in Algebra
Componendo

n3t3n 189 Find n

970
61
3n2tl
fomponendo Ducidendo

n3e3n 13Mt 189th 250

189 61 124
3h2 l
n3 13 n

250
III 128

ntl
5 1 n
g
ntn 5g Ntl Ntl 5 Y
 9
If n2t2 2n then a n't n't 2 7

SI n n3tn2 2 se Rt 2N
2x

Nfu uh z n n 2n2tn 12
W

n n 2h42m

n2 n 2n 2

Method Long division

factor of
N N't n 12
of W 2ne2 is a
check

So NU n3tn42
y
nz zn.cz N n3tnt2
NU zu's 12mL
2 Cu't ntl

OX m2 Intl
NZ m2 z
n 2h2 12N
0
m2 2h 12
m2 2N 12

O
 atb LILIA t ntn.dz
072
Tfn taft
a a b b c Zab d 2

Sot
Nz had N
299th 2b at b

I 21 med 3atI
Za at b n 2b
a b

3b
nt2a b a
N 2e

3
t3b 33
II tn f a

3atb 3b
a b

2 2
a b

M 2 Variable to Variable owes him

numbers for
variables
Assume
easy
1
say 226
a
n
s h e i
L!son 9

Remainders in Polynomials

a remainder 5
A number divided 8 lines
by
N Sent 5

be than the divisor

Remainder cannot greater
a remainder
8 cannot leave
divided
A number when
y
than 8
greeter
Divisor
Remainder L

Remainder can
take any value from
Divisor 8

0 To 7

is the highest power of any

Degree of
a
epution
variable in that equation
in Degree I
c o Linear yueh
anthy
2
am't but o Quadratic Ghetion Degree

3
Alic Degree
an3tbn2 cut D o quelion
A polynomial of degree n when divided by
another degree m
j n M leaves
polynomial of
a remainder of degree
cm

remainder
divisor is run then form of
If
be I
will any power n l
i e N
n 2
or n
i

n
I.l

Similar to Numbers
Degree of
Remaindu in Polynomials
Downton
Degree of

Pcn Dcn QCn Rcn

Remainder
Divisor x Quotient t
Polynomial
973 u3
M sines In
M t
Divisor U2 5k 16 Degree 2

Degree of Remainder I or 0

Rem ant b

fCn rib 5N 16 Acn tRCD

N 2 n 3 Glen t ane b

f CD 8 2 atb

f Cs 27 3 atb 20

19 a

b 30

So n3 19N 30

N Snee R
MI Long divinoin

N t 5
W 5k 16 Intl
NB 5n2t6R

5h2 6N
5h2 25k 130

19N 30

01 US m2 5nt6 CNt5 119 n 30

T T TT
fans D Cn kn t RCH
T Remainder
f
Divisor Quotient

9 74 u3
342k

DCN M2 3M 12 degree 2

Rcn an b degree 1
 Ntl m2 su 12 9cm t Rcn

Htt 2 gcn ant b

n Dcn

Putn

Also can be solvedunig

2 at b
division method
N 2 long
9 2 at b

a 7
b 5

Rcn ant b 7 u 5

Q 75 q2

Hr
Dividend m2 2 Degreeof
Sol n Z
N_ 23
Degree
of Divisor
n3 fr 3 1

5
Analogy IsIn
 Remainder N3n4r 0

myth fr Titan

2n't 9N Yu 15 by 2n 15
976 On dividing
n fa fClo
Quotient is a function of
Pcn
Sdnj
In 9n2 Un 15

6N 15
In 3 52,2 4h2 110N

3 2n 15
t 2n huts
NY2ne5

m2 12N 3
Cents
Dcu Bcn

f n Oln NZ 12N 3

too 120 3 117

f CIO
977
MY 14ns 31h2 94N 1120 Quotient

n 3N y
tr

Z
N T N 30
31h2 94N 11207
n2t3n 4
I MY 13ns
n 14ns

t
Un
J f
n3 27N 94N 1120
n3 e zn
1
yn I
30N 90 k t 120
30h2 god 1120

SO MY yu3 31mL 94N 1120 O

Wt3n y R

Aln NZ tu 30
 Special Forms

I Remainder Theorem

fCn for n a din t R

it
n a _0 ME a
flag I

Putn
_y_ n 14 0 n 4

Cg n46n 18 16 24 8 0
In

II Factor Theorem

When Remainder R 0

fCa Chui
divided by
n a
4 o

Jf far
is

factor of f
a
Cn
cu a is

Qui Rtn
f n a

R O
At n
fca p If

fca
Lu ay is a factor of fCn
 Cy N2t7u 112 FC 33 o

m217N 112
fcn n 13 is a
factor of

a
divisible by C
D
978 au Carl n2t3n Sa is

SHI fcn aus Carl n2t3n 5A Divisible

by
D

2 is a factor of fin
Ln

N 2 ooRN
0
At u z feel fC27

o
b sa
f 27 8 a uca 11

wheel when
979 in a
Find the linen polynomial
is exactly
divided n 3 leaves 6 as remainder 4
by
divided by ness

be the linear polynomial

Sot Let fcu autb

auth 6
Ir
 t 6
an b 3 Aln

baths 6
At

divisible n 13
f Cn is by

factor Theorem
OR
by
0
3 at b
At n 3 FC 3 o

OR b 3 a

in bae b
a e I

b 3

So f Cn nt3

remainder as 447
in n leans
A quadratic polynomial Also it
980 n 11 of n 2
when
divided by polynomial
respectively the quad
n l If
divisible by
is exactly

is f Cns
Chon fE
 fcn an2
Sot
ibntc.FI
jfC
n
y
D y
Remainder Theorem

Ntl
a b c Y

7
f Cn t fez
ya 2btc 7 20

o
f Cn o f Cl
ftp at btc _o

a btc 4
b t C O
at

Zlata 4
b 12 4 b 2
at C 2

Ya y te 7

Yat C 11
at C 2
C I
3 9 a 3

75 to I
fcs
f n 3h2 zu 1
64
 2 factors fCns n3tantb where
981
If Cn D 4
n 3 are
of
constants
Find the remainder
when
fcu is
af b
divided by n 5

I Cn 2
g n z are factors of fan
O
f fol
fC2 o
o
27 3 at b
b o 27
8 c Za e 3 at b
8
2at b

v
a 19

b 30

f Cn U 19 n 130

125 95 130
Fdlr
5
fcs
GO
n 125 65
 982 The respective remainders
of a
polynomial fan in n

divided
are 10 4 15 when
f Cn is
by
Cn y
Find ttre remainder when f Cn is

Ln 3 q
divided Cn u
by

i5
fn k
tn lr
io

3 Cn u Rn tantb
fC ant's
OR few
n Dcn y tr
3 at b
to
f Cs
hat b
15
f Ly
a 5
b 5
5h 5
Rcn
So Remainder

n48 n3b n2Y

983 n72 nbo
r
n3 n

Sogn
Devisor Dcn
n3 n

ant but c
Remainder Rcn
 u3b UH NB N Aln t an2t but C

n72 nbo nut

Aln t
arftbntc
t N n n l nti
nY8 n
n72 nb0

O C
f o

5 at b
f l

5 a b
fC l

b 0
a 5

Rcn 5h2

in Remainders
cancellation factor
Concept of
8 Ey In
16
he Elr y
G
Cf
Method 2

i I

f l S at b

at b
fC D 5

b 0 a 5

Rcn 5N XU

Nn 5u2
 O 2101
8101 y
984
In
doo 1

100
2
Let me
z I
z
2303
ol jolt
glo y
2100 I

2100 I
100
doo t 2 a I
23.4005 E

100 I
2
At
Yu't Zn 1 l
8 n t is
m I

fci Remainder
Remained By
Theorem
L!son 11

Quadratic equations

General form f IN an't bat c at O

far 0

OR ant 1 but C 0

I
the
halves
of for which
n quadratic

efm has a wake 0

t
Roots of THE EQUATION

tomes cuts n axis

No graph
no
of real roots of
Y the quad Un
art but C o r
y
is
t cuh n axis
Where graph
is Q
the value of y
n L P
4 the values of
the quadratic
which
for becomes
0
value
efn
s
y the yn
are Roots
of
 upward
yaw NY
parabola
jail

my
m2
y

N
a so

Downward

parabola

which
Find values
of
n for
3mL ten 20
985 y o
1
y
Lo
2
y
Bolen
3h2 119kt 20
Y
3h2 115 nt 4Mt 20
then choose
Find roofs 4
3kt 4 n 153 the necessary

as Again
as 5 u C y
Y
Lo C 5 43
Y
 t e 207
n o
o

t
t
ts ne
ly
T
Roots

Concept

an4 but c O L 13 are roots

Tons
y is E
Ls n a n
p
wake of
y
I O
N L o
n p
o
n 2 n p
O
re Gyp n xp r

a on bow
divide D by
For
ftp.gmgp.fi

C O
an 4 bn
O
N't blah 4a
OR

comparing 4 Ltp bla 2Pf4e

b figment of
Efm
 0 idea about Maxima Minima
78 an't bn t C getting
an

the Quadratic Grehin graphically

of

as
7
p
a o
Ktp z

MIN
i T
averageof
roots

in quadratic
t At a time any
occur at
will
i OR MIN
MAX
n blur
a o

P P

I anti but C O L p are roots

N b FuE
La

b Discriminant b Uac
Nature of Roots
i D is a Perfectsquare
Gf
the form P q sq 70
Roots are Rational of
ii D 0
Jf distinct
Roots are real 4

yeah
a 0 ALO ALI

X azo
a
iii
gfD
are
Roots imaginary
cut x axis
does not
Graph

v
n
2 real g
V
D o n b1 TD Za equal roots
gf Ta
W un 14 47 0
G 0 OR Cn y n
 a O

a P

ma
k 2 0 find the number of
986 kn t k Dn the equation
250 which
K less than for
integral halves of
roots
has rational
2 0
n t K
k 1
Soth km2
perfect square
D
Roots
Rational A HKU
2
yuck Msuss THIS
2K D2
b2 Uae
2 Uk 4142 18k
41 2

m2 perfect sphere
It 4k
D Todd
oddno no perfectsphere

K is a tore enlefn

D 9 k 2
32

D 52 k 6

D 72 K 12
 K L 250 4k 11 L 1001
D 312
961
31
oddnumbers from 3 to

numbers
31 16 odd
I to
even
odd 16
32 2 11

Let p ke the roots of the equation

187 q
W d l O p2tq2 min
G 2 n

pig 4th 2kV

2
2 12 htt

p4q2 22 4 4 221 2

L2 221 6

min at blue
P't min 22 22 6 min

L
2

L
So I 2 16 5
d 22 1 6 min
at
lternate
Method L2 22 16 mini

K l t 5 min I

Roots of Coefficients Polynomials

Relations
of of

Quadratic O O
and but c
W
n
tdf
Gn yep
q T
Ltp by Lp Ea alternate nfb

0 alternate signs
Cutie an3t but cut of
qn irs aedpvz.dz
L iptr tbadptpr
n LPV 0
n3 caper met peprtvs

1.8
Biquadratic
any bus crit du te s
ftp
Gn
Sum of product of roots
taken I at a
fume

r tS b Yo
depot a
U terms
 time
root taken 2 at
a
Sum
of product of
xp for tr s t Lst PS LV Cfa
4cz blems 1

taken 3 at a time
Sum roots
of product of
43 4terms PV 1 LPS Lrs p vs dla
a time
taken U at
Sum of roots
of product

Lprs ela
4cg Item

I fms Ei n

ri
iiiEmin ci1 Jn
roots 0
Sum ofhat a

gym

Alternate signs
 Roots this are wi
0,88 NB 18nF kn 120 0 of efn

AP k

the roots
be
Sot Let
d a a id
a

18
L 3 a

6
a

k
Lp
120
Lpr 120
d Gtd
OR 6 G
2 O
36 d2
d 4
16
d

2 be 10
r
Lip
VS
Lp apt Pvt
60 720
IZ t

92 K
 roots the equation
989 Tf p q
r are
of
2 0 find
the value of
U3 2nd 3N

tf tf the
Sohn q2r2 pHep2q2
the TE
fat
2 2
qrtprJ 3 pqr
Plt
9
p2q4q2r2tp2r t 2 q'pry pqr2 p2qr
9
p2q4q2v2tp2r2 t 2pqr pt qtr

p2q2tq2r 11042 9 2pqr Cpt qtr

9 2 2 2

ton Izz ty
IT tf
 Options Approach

Variable to Variable Questions

Question variables Assume some number for

heriahles 4 USE OPTIONS
Options Is variable

n o
k 4 262 roots of the equation pu q
990 Tf are

their g e Ug't 6pq

3
b c O d Lp
a
p2 q

SIN Van to Van question

Let K 1 Roots are

142
So egh m2 3M 12 0

f 3 q 2
by comparing

oft Uq2t6pq 54

From the options 2ps 2 27 54

Option B is valid

2options would have given 54 as awake we would have choosen

Tf
another set halves to the correct solution
of verify legitimacy of
991 The condition that 9 roof
of equation an't bat 0

is double the others is

a 262 9 ac b b al c b ac d 35 1002

Sohn
an cbntC o 2 1 13 2

U2 but 2

a _I b 3 C 2

Check options a b2 Zac

2 9 2 1 9
18 18

b b2 ac

9 12 X

c b2 9ac X

d 362 1002 X

Tf 2 options would have

matched then we would have choosen
an alternate value for roots of eliminated one the
to
of
mewhiy options arrive at the solution
 Find value
992 the manimum minimum
of
Mt 2 Akka Discuss
j ne IR
2h43m 16
Find kmexlm.in
Sdf K I
Nt2 CONVERT TO A
2h2 13Mt 6
QUADRATIC INEQUALITY

6K 2 0
2km2 14k 1 n t

For real roots

D z O

2
4x2kC6k 2 30
3k 1

9h2 but I 481 116 20

3912 lok I E O

am
f
a 3 m.jo

Roots zg.KZ lok l 3912 13k 13k I

43K 11 3k l

391k 1413 K 43
 2
39 lo I E O

CITY
Ck 43710

k tf Trs J

km in 1,3
I Kmex Iz

Atlantis
N 12
Ty znz i3n

bdgyn.ee
2n2t3n 16
2 4 n 13 O

m2 13N 1632

16 4h2 11N 16
zn2y3n
O
2h2 18 u

0 U 4
N 0 OR 2n 8

by 1
2
Ts
4 y 32 12 16

SO min value 4,3 man value b

L!son 12

Modulus Function _In

y y
r 7
n
NZO
n
y n Lo y n o
Inl N j
n N LO 7 x

I 71 C 7
7

93 U2 21h1 3 0

Sdn 3 0
NZ 21h1
to replace n'with 4m15
we
His always

1m12 21h1 3 0

IN
Let t Int K
3 0
e
2 zt n I k
O
11
3 Ct
t I
OR
t 3
In 1 1 x
IM 1 3
n 13
 Function an
Exponential

an always positive
an

N o I I
OD

N
t 6 2 9
999 y

Sdn
methudt
x o satisfies

60 It l 2
yo as RHS
2 9 2 1 2

Method 2
guiding LHS f
RHS
by 9

4ft
a
HI
Let 4s t
In t Y 2
 t 2 0
q2
0
t 12 t l
I I
t 2 OR b
3
2 OR n

E
Not possible
functions
as exponential
the
are always

3 3
995 5 256 t 5 256 10 N

Akka discus

Jb sends
Always i at Pb 4 a are conjugate
observe

n 3
Sdn Let t 5 256
3
f zip

ft I lo
t

Eh lot 11 0

f t lo I Ufb
lo I 51256
 Casely when t 5 12

3
5 256 5 1286 comparison
By

m2 n 4 N 12
3 1

Conf when f 5 2B
l
3
5 12 42 5 2B 5 1206

n 3 I

n2 2 n It

996 n'e 3 n
Akkubisay
Cat
Sdn
q2 y
Ny2 3

NH
4DKnt 3
nyn 1132 in 3
OR
2
Ntl

LN1132 the
as
Not the correct approach
lengthy
approach is very

To convert it to quadratic form

 m2
42 3

2 3
2 n t n.ie
Neff nel

jean
3 0
Cn
n

2 3 0

Eu
Let b m2

Ut I

2 0
f 2 t 3

ft 3 Ct 17 0

E I d 3 I 3

Ntl
0
UI I m2t3n 13
Ntl 4 9 12 3 Co
62 Gac
U2 n y O

emergency
roots
n F 1
 Roots
Imaginary

Ake b ne c O

U
bIID D Lo imaginary
roots
Za

imaginary roots always contain eiota i Fl

k TI it I i3 i il I

Imaginary roots always occur in conjugal pairs

Also irrational roots

ib is also a root
Tf at db is a root a

Condition For both roots common in a quadratic equation

at by CI
92 bz CZ

have atleast I common

997 3u2 Un 5 0 4 an't 7 nt c o
If
root at c 7

or less then
0
SMI 3m44 nt Check Discriminates greater than
5 0
if
tf Yaa 16 4 3 5 LO
 Dco Both roots are
imaginary conjugal pairs
9
are common
Atleast I common root Both roots

so
Za Iz 52

a 21
T ly
etc 56g
C
3g

the general form

Ranken Che's form
Reciprocal qn Akka

L 0
ANY 1 bn3 t en bn t a

Divide m2 on LHS 4 RHI

by
0
t
an't but c t
kn En
2
O a2 b2 b Zab
t C
OR a u21hm t b ht
Lu
C 0
t
2 b n
Lu
a
flueIn
Take t Ut In 4 solve further
 N
998 3N 2n3 4n2 Yu 12 0 Solve for
Sdn
E u2 n y
O
Zz a F s

Square
I
Can be solved like
n't 2 n 1 t Y
3
Yj reciprocal equation

0
3 wtf y 21h1227 4

Let t ntZ
n

3 f2 2E 14 0
12

3 EZ zt 8 0

3 12 lofty t 8 0

t O
4 Ct 2

e 2 or t I
3

Ut 2 Z
n Ut k I
n 3
N 2n 12 0
n 2 I
n z
U LI Ju 8
3n2 yn 6 0

21 F4 2i
n YI VI YI
Z T G
2I2 Ii 4121mi
6
 sign change Rule
Descartes

He

Gives an approximate idea about the number of

roots in a polynomial Whim
Pontine negative of imaginary

Supp f Cu any bn3 t Cn e du ee

I No of sign changes in fcn Max number of

ve roots with combination roots
of imaginary

I No
of sign changes infc n Man number of
he roots with combination roots
of eniginary

GI fCus 2mm 3ns 5uh 8 n lo

t t t
I I Total
3
sign charges in
ferns
Possibilities

1 3 the 0
imaginary
2 l the 2 roots occur inpairs
imaginary comginary
 3ns 5h2 8N lo
fC n Zn t
t
t
I
Possobilit sign charge

I Max 1 not
negative roof 0
imaginary

AKKU Discuss

Gj fCn 3m54 Sn't 7u 5nF 12Mt 8 0

t t 4 sign changes
I f cuz t t

t t l sign change
t t t
I fC n

Observations

1 Max no we roots L
of
0 he roots as 1 imaginary root cannot
There cannot be
exist roots occur in pairs
imaginary

Actual no
of he roots I

2 Max no
of the roots 4

4 we 0 imaginary

2 tire 2 omaguiary

One 4
imaginary
 Q 99 Tf p is the no
of
non real roots of the equation

I then
n

b 2 4 6 OR 8
a
p 8 t
lo d la 3 51 7
c to p

Sot
f cu n 1

I sign change
far
0 sign change
fans

I Max tire roots 1

no
of
roots occur in pain
Since imaginary

roots I
Actual no
of positive
2 Max we roots 0
no
of
roots
I we root 0 we root 10 imaginary
Combing

So p lo ophjmd
 57nF 120 0 has 1
9 NT 9n t 13N 86 n

How non red

2 cue roots
negative q many
roots does the
yn have

Got
f n
n5 gun 13ns 57 m2 86 n 120

3 sign changes

f Cn t
changes
t Zenjn
fc n

Max 3 the roots

3 we 0 imaginary

2 imagining X 7 already 2 we roots

I tire
given in question

Max 2 he roots

2 we 0 winging
already 1
X we root gains
o we Longinay
in the question

so 3 tire 2 we
Oomging

No non real roots O

of
Al"bra Pa# 2
 L!son 1

Quadratic 4 Cubic
Polynomials

Quadertic
anti bn 1C o Lp roots
0
N d n p
o
N m2 Gtp n t xp
W product 0
funny n
ofroots

Cubic

bitten D O L p are roots

an

V O
n 2 Cn p Cn
0
ar n e arr
n Leper n2 Capt pv
Product
sum
of
product sum
ofproduct2 ofroofs
taken
roots taken
I d a
ofroots
of at a time
time

Note the alternate signs

 t avid
bit cu 243 0
9101 n5 15 u

as
5cgterm
SDI n5 g uh Esp W xpv n't aprs
t

54terms 56terms 5cgterms SE

Lpr
0

Lpr SE 243
5cgORHeim
Ltpt Vt ft C 15
above 2eyns
2 13 r f E 3 satisfies the

Hence L p N f E 3

a Edp 5czx9
9 514 90
Z

b Expr 27
5czx

270

C Gprs 81
Styx
405
 Altuku
Discuss
Transformation roots

l L n din P
Gh an2t but c o p
t

i I p in

them value
Since d B satisfy qn
1 substituting

O
a te t b te t c

a C O
t
NZ
t kn
2
a O Gm
cult but
RECIPROCAL to the roots
are
roots which
2 has
Epn
t
of qn

an2tbnec O h pan roots

Lt k n Pak n

d n k p n k n k
Replace n
by
OR acn up b cu k t C O

Roots Ltk ptk

 LIP an2tbntc 0

0
I cult but a
Ii Lp
t C O
Tt L 1k 13 1k a n KP b n k

1C O
a must bln 1k
II L k p k
O
c
bcuz
LK.pk alky
II o
acnkt bark c

Q Lz Pz
O
acrni brute
VI d p
O
c
b Fu e

affn
VII 23 p

Find the new quadratic egn

8102 p.nl qn
r O

when i Roots are helmed 4 then reciprocated

2 Roots are reciprocated 4 then halved

i o L P
foln pn2tqnt r

2 18 0
4211312 p 2n 1 qC2n
0
ypnhtzqn.tn
2
I Vn2t2qne4p o
 il
pn2 qntr o
dip
0
Ya Yp rn't qntp
O
4rn2t2qntp
2 Itp

9103 3n2t 5N the roots

1 0 Lps are

i Ii
Lst
2
5

d tp5
22B_
l fat Lpz tpg xp

MethodI 3
2 Discuss
C 5 332 Akka
4372
19

Using Transformation
I o
MethodZ L 3m45 nt
p
2 1 0
3 n 15in
22 p2
5 rn
Guti
25N
Conti
0
9n2 Ign 11

Yaz Yp2 m2 19N 19 0

 So Yat Yp Sum ofroots
b a 19

ii 1
1232 4
Using
transformation

0
3h45m 11
413
2
1 5L U 2 t 1 0
3 n 2
12,13 12
O
t 5N lo t I
3Cn2 yn 14
0
3 R2 7 n 13
e o
7 n 13
3M
I z
2 p
0
3N 7 rn 13
2 2,2 Eton
2 Ents 49M
isnt a
9n2
0
9
9n2 3in

SMH z Ig
r
catty
 ble cla dla
9104 are the roots
3h3 Zn't n t 1 0 L p r
et

ftp.t In
MI LP 4kV t
2

2
tp tf 4372

2Lprldt Ptr
Gpt portrait

Cpr

2x x
Lg y y
9
a YI 3
1
19
Hq y

Mh
Lip 3 n't 2Mt n t I 0

U3 1 N t 2Mt 3 0 Reverse Ctu coefficients

Lp In

N
32 k t Wn 13 0
t
2 plz try
442 12in C n 13

n 14N t 4nF n't 9 16N

N3 3h2 zu 9 0
 Sum Roots 3
of bz
ftp.e
asked
we have also been
Sup 7

ftp 2 ptzrzt z

t roots taken 2 at a time

This is sum of
49 2
to
4 is equal

9105 N t f n 12N 19 0 dip it

5 d 5 13765 r

0 L B roots
N3 8 NZ 12N 119

i
n
T V 0
Cn 2 n
p
s s r 0
Put n 5 5 a p

53 8 52 12 51 19

125 1 Zoo bot 19

284
 but 5 0
n 7nF
roots the equation
9105 P da R are
of
ret
Find the value of Cptq qtr

Sd
ft g qtr Cptr

Thought Suppose
we expand
par
process
Pq pr qrtq2 taste gift
PV
pour par pm air
p2q t

pier
pr2tqr2t2pqr
p2q q2ptq2r
1 pry our
q2rtp2r pour
p2qtq2p pour
por g per q

di
manipulation
becomes difficult

each term complete

ft q qtr Ptr Try melag
 V
Cpe qtr
r
payer f pt qtr
Gotg qtr ptr

7 q
ft r Ct p

Th
P
ut

n n O
Cu p Cn q

r O
U 7 7 g Lt
ft p

the main equation

n 7 wi
Putting
the wake of
Nb 7 m2 but 5
f n
5
6 7
73 7.72
fC 7

37
42 15
L!son 2 RI
Inequalities Part 1

Basic Rules of Inequalities

n n 2 X
i
wrong approach n a xxx

same as
m2 n O
n I
NK z it
n n l 20 In A
as
n can take the
Here ne R g
Critical point og 1
we values as well as 0
well as

we cannot cancel
go
µ
NE f es o v l

I 3x
2
In 23
2,3
WRONG CROSS MULTIPLICATION IS
32 0
In C I IL 2
WRONG
Iz
I 3k O Xx
L I IL 2
T Iz
3 n 22 both sides by we
Multiplying
Ix K L Ix 2 REVERSES SIGN

4 In
any polynomial inequality
14
TRY d MAKE N as the
highest degree of

3 70

OR NZ yn 3 LO

2 n 2 n 3 N 5 E O

t t t
Iz L b 5

5 7 O
In Akku Discuss

n
Multiply 4 divide the LHS by
n
70 MIO
Iz
O
n 0 as u cannot be equal to
UE Ocs
 n3 2 O
is not defined
n 12
we
o n ne
ng
10
ME as

Woo9 go
1008
008 n the
n n z o

n z o n E 0 as

1007
N L n 3 n 15 0
y
N 2 31

n 1 Cn 3Kn 30
n c n u 3 Cuts y o
n 2
n 2 Cn 2 ne

n 15 n 2
OR n l n 3 y o

Ch 2 2 connected the Dnr to TI

Homer n is not possible
in the main equetwis
t t t
I I I
I 2 3
5

3
2
U E
u I
as 5
 0 n 1510
N 3 cuts Equivalent to
NE 5

we toe
I I
5 3
5 U 33
as
N E f T
0
Expression
at n 3

is
down all critical points very
That is why noting

important

2
Ln 8 n 113 I
we
Il n 1330
n e 13
O
at NI

is
U 83
n e C as

Z n 3393
n D n
z 0
N 5 59 n 7 73

t t t
l l l l l
I 2 3 5 7
as I U 2 33 U 5 7
 nuo n I cn 3
y 0

n 4 61

t t
I l l p
0 I 3 y

o U El 3 u cu

3 2 I
U I

3 O

n l

NI LO
n I

ne CD

2hr4 Is
2nnI Is
5R 70
3k
e
ME C 3 u co
20
Nff
 m2 3h 124
24 Solve
for A

m2 3N 13
L
NL 3N 124 Yah112N 12
CO

R2 3Mt 3

3h2 1 gu 112 co
m2 3M 13

3h2 9 n 12
20
NZ zu 3 fcn a o

20
n2_zn zo
n2 3n
I a quad
0 as Dco graph for
with anyway
egn
n 3in 420 4
roots

C4 nel so

n CC as 1 voice
fcn an2tbntC

HDI
0
an2tbntC
azo fcn

vs an2 bn

an2 bn 1C LO
ALI f Cn

D LO

N bn c2

solve form
nt3 to

t4J2nt72

DCnt2jZCnt5PzoCnt4JCnt73
u E
s y
7
U C
E 23
I't jyt.LT
L!son 3

Inequalities Part 2 Manimal Minima ein Inequalities

I Tf sure of hawahles is constant then

the product is manaimum when the numbers are

quel or as close as possible

At Bt C 21 ABC max

10 LO I 100

8 7 6 336

7 7 7 3430 maximum

9106 A 1 Bt CTD 25 ABCD my

i A BC
D C 112
it 1
A B CD E Z

SIN At Bx CTD 25

Tf A B CID E 1kt

ABCD at A B C D 21 Numbers are

men
y equal
 OR ABC D
me
J LET

Zt Positive Integers
c D E zt
Tf AB

At B 1 Ct D 25
25 Nos are as close as possible
6 6 6 17

ABC D 6 6 6 7
me

216 x 7

1512

I is constant then turn is minimum

Jf product
or as close as possible
when numbers are equal

ab c 216 Sam

58
54 2 2

2 33
27 4

G a 6 6 minimum
 ax 6 48 att min

Ng a
gb e z1

6 8 48
sum
Nos are as close as possible for minimum

off a b

a b 548 UB Nos are equal

Ufs 453 883
Latb min

CAM Bn when
IT If ATB tonstant then const

A B
org A B M N
m n

Find the cot its

9107 manimum
of
a cone
if sum of
radius height is 24
of

Sdn Vane Tirith

Ig
Nth 24
8
he rtzh 243
For Vmex Iz
r lb h 8
 r h
La
3

Tt x
162 8
Iz
20487
3

9108 Find AB d when A t Btc 36

man

Solni
A t B t C 36

AtB 6
AB may Az ng 6

12 B 6 C 18
A

122 6 183
d 2B d me

28 39

AKKU Discuss
next U S questions

Cat 2 Cbt 3 Cc 14 7 a b c are

at b 18 ma
9109 to
positive integers

borne at btc 18

at L t b 13 t C 14 18 12 131 4
27
2 be 3 Ctu map at Cat27 6 13 6 4 9
Crihen a sum product max whennumbers are end
 ER Cat Cb 13 Cct4Dm
2 729

9110 Abc
Ff at btc 30 find manlmin cakes of
No condition is on a b c
Sdn given

b 900 c 70
Max hake a _tooo

helve b
Min
we can
take bye
arbitrarily
halves both the 4
we

9111 at btc 30 Cab c man I c ruin

A b c are the Real numbers

Sdn
a b t C 30

is Mex
abc a sum product
Max given dose
a as
numbers are equal
when
as possible

A b c 30 10
3

C
max 10 10 10 1000
 the values as
For bc min we cannot take any of
to 0
take them TENDING
but we can

like

Atb 1C 30

001 2welves are so

a 0 oooo If
is
b 0.0000001 hers product
O
c za 9999998 also lens tending to

Swm
J 3

be D
min

9112 atb 1 c 60 Cab c man 4 c min If

albic are distinct natural numbers

Soth at by c 60
Sam when numbers are
const product ma

equal or as close as possible

Abc are distinct retinal numbers

20 20120120
So we have to think around 6oz

01 a 19 6 20 G 21
 abc 19 20 21 7980
may

Conneely
Product is minimum when numbers are widely apart

a b c 1 2 57 114
min

9113 ax bxc 8 tbh min

A b c are distinct natural numbers

Sdn
ax b x c 8 2 3 4 5 x 6 7 8

27 32 5 7

when numbers are

sum is minimum
Given
a product
in as close as possible
equal

Say
a C

as 27 32 5 7

to
a 22 g 2x 9 5 7
83 29 512

y
g 630 93 729
E 4 8.5 34135
 around 34 3 5
So arrange numbers

b
a c
ey.uen.a product
2gxy2xz2zx2x Sam is minimum when
X 3 3
numbers are
equal N
X
as close as possible
35

t be C 32 35 136 103
min

9114 axbx c x D lol Cat beat d min Abcd are

distinct natural numbers

Sdn
Atb 1 Cx D Cox 9 87 6 5x 4 3 2 1

28 34 52 7

Given a product Sam is minimum when numbers are equal a as

close as possible

A b C D 222 484 232529

all 2834527
off Fog 22 2 25
a 223 ff ff
IF Fogy 2 65

a 4 3 2 25 1 65 Fbs M5 1.65
 I 44
Arrange around44

axbxcxd
i

42

Tbt Ct d min hot 421 45 148

175

9145 G c b d 45
6 a G b
numbers
d are distinct natural
a b c

1 at btc d min
2
Catbtctd may

Soth l atbtct d min

are
when numbers
sum is minimum
a product
Given close as possible
or as
equal

b c Cb d 45
6 a 6 b
I 3 3 5

9 7 b 9 c 3 d I
 atb 1 Ct d min 20

2
Latticed max

is maximum when
sum
a product
tourney given as possible
are
as widely apart
numbers 15 as D g
d distinct
b d 45 abc naturalnumbers
c
b a G b Cb
1 3
15 y

5 D 3
5 7 c
as 21
36
Crtbtctd max

max
Product
Sam const BIN
constant then Camryn map Afm
An
If By

I Tf
Prod

Camryn
const
const their f
sum min term
et Adm Byz
Antony min power

15 3
9146 Jf 2n
13g y me
Soth 15
2y3 mex 2nthy
2M 3
at Zug 31g 31

us 3 3
y
27 343
9
Cry me

2 125 32h23min
9247 If my
prod
const sunny

Soth
324 YI
n I
64

2
125
my
5
In
125
y y
20
y
N
2064

to 120 30
32nF
g nuts
L!son 4
Inequalities contd

27 44 73 men
9148 Yz
2utzy

term property
use
M
Sid given
sum product power

3
4 2Nt3ygt7Z_ 27g
2,1 Byz

2 2
N 6 y 9g

642294g
y Eyman
10
3
26 34 36
26

Conceit Law fractions

of

canbe extended to number

of terns
Ed bed
any

E b d
9149 kg
II 6
K
all possible
halves of
Find sum
of

Sdn at btc K
b C y
a
btc atc at b zlatbtc

arbt CF
Coyt
n 2
Ey Iz
Are 2 O
at btc
bee a

a I
a
I lst c
a
y

k 4
4 2 2
K
values of
Sam of all possible

28 at btc min
150 ab2c3 27

Sdn Term
Motherly
Tower
2k c 3k
a _k b
k
9
e
by yw2 z7
Kb 27 28
a b2c 3 27 28 k
 27 x I 27 21 2b
4
a 2
2
Kb 2b k
b 4
C 6

Atb 1 c min
Iz
AM HM VIP
lym
Simple Average
AM Arithmetic Mean

A M aib atb
2

atb
AM a.bg 3

AM Ca b Cid atbt

GM Geometric Mean

acb ab
t Tab
GM
Lacb c ka b off
GM
bc d
bed Hated
Ymca

Reverse AM
of
HM Harmonic Mean
are in AP

Jf a b c are in HP 7 La j iz
the Reverse is Itm
Lb a of Lb
Z

b a

Latta
 2
Amca b

Latte
3
Hmla b e
La b the
U
No
ofterms
HMCaibic d
tatty 1 It

FOR ALL POSITIVE NUMBERS

AM 3 3 AM
gm
2 Holds true
Fb 3 Equality sign
aib
at 3
It when numbers
are

Only
3
fat 7 Equal
Calls c atbtg Lytta
a

HM
AM GM 3 3
3 3 3343
31313 3 3
23 3 13 13 13
3 3

Numbers are egret

AM GM _HM

OR else strictly greeter

 Real numbers
Some results Am HM True for positive
of gm

Let a o
numbers
Pontine real
L o
a

att
a z fact a

I
6k
qgnepality number
Min wake of
a positive
at 2 2
La its reciprocal is

9151 a b C C 1kt

1
fat btc etat's E min

2 at btc
tat t E min

SHI
y at btc Lattes f min

atta else's E min

2 2 2 6
 2
Latbtc t
E min

tb 1 t
E ruin

Zt 2 4

9152
D Catch t
beat Ctf mini

2
Latz
31st
the 1
min

Sdn D
Lathe beat Ctf ruin

Twin
Ea E

2 12 12 6
b a tab

a b c
Also by symmetry

b
tata teat 7 mis

2 12 2 6
 2
Catz Pbt3 the 1
mis

5C
2
atta
3 btf t
tf min

2 t 2
2 2 t 3

4 6 2 12

047
9153 b42b nui
µaH2aa

Sohn
b42b 047ft min
µt2aa
12 btf
12 att't
Atta

4 4 9 144

32 3 4 2921 393 5
9154 29 242
min given
numbers in the same
Eden Obscure in Gym when we multiply
sum
up
base the powers
127
am En am
For
ey
 all 3numbers
Gm for
together
So take Am

6
29 242 2393
y
3
29 2 243
3

OR 29 242 2393 3 f
3 25 3
3
3 425

Find the value tuna 15 coto

0155 minimum
of
Sdn
tanto who are positive
Also Ian 20 1
cot 20

Apply Amgm

Stano b who z f 8715 Xtarrox cot

1
20
2

81hr20 156720 2 2 To

R Stano 1156 20 min 2072T

0156 a b c d are real numbers
pontine

Catbtet d Latz f top

min

Soth
16terms 4 Is
MI Catbtotd tat's f tf 6

that 1
It It It It
f that Etta f dat bet 5
I
ca if
4 t 2 6 16

AKKU
MI we get Samui AM Nole
in HM
sumof Reciprocals

so apply AMIHM

4
Atbtctd 7
7
It'Ittetta
716
atbtctd tatty 1kt'd

fo min 16
 reel numbers abode 32
9157 a b 4 die are the
Akka Discuss
Hd ite min
b Hc
league
calculated
Max value cannot be

c die C 1kt
a b
z F
Haz

Gta 2,2k
Similarly Hb RB
Hc Ifc
ltd 3259

Cte site
Ite z
25M
Hc Hd
ta Hb
25352
12852

12852
SO minimum value

c Hd ite
tied c Ite s
Ita t Hbtltc
5
Y5
HC Hd ite
Ita Hb
5tat de 7
5
 45
5 e mis
a it b it Cit d ite E Catbtudt
2 12 2 212J

10
35
it b Hc Clt d ite z
ta
243

but how much 6ns

less than 2U3
eg
we dont know

Red numbers
12 abc are positive
9158 at btc

catbDmex
Cst Data

Sohn
Atb c bee
Mm Cta T
b Cbtc Cta

2 2 2 V btte

83 512
Cta E
btc
fat b

So Mex value 512

Concept n
remain

Say
n
3 a

amin a

n e
max
n E b
Say

Money b
i
L!son 5

Module
Machine
Output
Input Any
Red
NwnE
f two
the or we

ModulusFunehois

k O
Int n
j
n neo

151

5151 C 5 as 520

15

lnl
_o CRITICAL POINT
which mode
place at
Z T
to 2
 2 units
the critical point
distance of from
Int z

is where mod D
Critical point

IN 5 No such n exist

or ME

distance of
5 from
from distance perspective
Absurd
as distance
0 which is
critical point measured in
never be negative absolute value
can

In 121 5 Distance
Approach sunits
suits
n 12 15 I 3
t
3 7 I
algebra.my Critical point
j

17 117
In 141 17
I 13
n 21,13 21
my4 0 N Y
critical point
 Infk N IK

12N 113 7
9159 Find the minimum
value of 3

Sohn
Ian 113 Z Mod o
3
Minimum
value of
Zo
0 at n 1312

Mind nutty Iz
o
Iz

0
IN 3 O Inlmin
InImax A
 Mod T Mod Mod t form

In 31 t I n 111 7
B 160 Solve
for u
travelled 7units
Sum of dust

e
distance
travelled by
Saints 7 units
distCA B
L
I 1
3 11

never be 7 wits
can
So

I
need
8
In 31 In 11 I

7
BC
e l x x I
x x

3 11
Critical between 34
points Any point
dist CA B 8

3
ne
 In 31 e In 111 7

ConuentionalApproachy

Rl R2 R2
v nu
I I
3 11

N Z Il n 3 n 11 21
as m2 11
Lo 5 X
n

Il 3 n 111 7
3I N L n
No solutions
8 7

N 23
n 13 n 112
7
solution as
n 3 5 2 No
2n 7
NC's

In 31 c In 111 14

Me 0114
O 3
8
8
 3 2
I n 13 I In 81

Af 1 n 13.5118 5
1 I
Ian
3 lo 5
Ii
13.5

3 friends d each
Assume
Int 51 In 21 In 71 29
critical point
29
A My29n
5 7513
4,3 I 1 h
7 1213 44
lolz 5 2
H 5
23 p 144
49 44 47

N 5 log 253

N 7 4 11
 In 71 15
Ints I In 21

19 CD
A B
I I n l
I 5 7
5 3s
I 112

I 5
N

In 121 In 171 23
In 31 1 Inl

23
f 11.25
yes 17W I 1 I
o 3 151g
7 2
to 15 13 13
T2
7 T2 tf
s N 4 25
5 17
t Tz 10
22 It
18

U 7.25 Y U n

In 3 It INI 1 In 121 11N 171 15 n 3

Akka solve
N 3 5 I 5
 9161 41 find known Akku Discuss
IN I I In K

l X X l
4
a swing
min distances btw ldY
3 Knin

Knin at allualnes f
n
from 161
is 3

Karin 3

Akka discuss
Hell c In 31 the 91 K
9162
Knin

Plot critical points

Sot
at
3 dont let the guy
min at middlecube at
3 travel
1 I
I
I
3 9
I tennis 141 13 31 1 3 91

4 to 16

L
 AKKU Disarm
9163 In 181 t I ne Il In 31 In y k

how integral
values of n
And at
tennis many

K will be minimum

distances
Sdn mode mode as sum of
take mod
Always

I
1 I
3
4
8
I
rr

I 3
n t
all values of
Karin occurs for
land Knuis 16

Sayatn 31 1 In 41
In 111 tin
In 181
Il t 4 to I It

5
values of N 40142,3
So no
of integral
 1 In 171 Akeen discus
In 1 It In 31 In 51 t
9164 for will occur
what values of net
f Chinni 4 At

l
Eden In 11 1 In 31 In 5 t 247g
9 critical
k
2 2 1 points
2 1I
9
Observe middle wake is or
CIITt I
odd no of
So kmis fculmis
at n 29 cn.y.ae points
11
middle
Single
2x 8 t b t 4 t 2 at
why
n 9
2X 20 41
 AKKU discus
1 In 641
9165 f n In yd In 81 1 In 121 t
values
all the integral
2 find the sum
of
D f n
min is minimum
for which far
of u

In 621
In 41 In 81 t
Sdn 4 16
Uy l 4 2

No ofterms 16
9th Kim
8.5 OR 8th
Middle term
t t
In 4 81 In 4it 91
11
In 361
In 321

n btw 132436 both inclusive

f n
min at
any
value of
32
o t 4 18 1
28 y 24 20 1
f n at n
22
mis
28 132
2 Ut

17 132
1 21
2x Ux

7 8 32
2 4
I
2241 32 251

35 36
Sum values n is 32 133 34
of
all integral of

150 120 170

 HI
9 I t In 1201
In 61 1 In
0166 fCn In 31

1 far min
minimum
for which fon is

2 Sum of all integral

cakes of u
L!son 6.
Precioustear questions
F

12N 11 t 13N 11 f Cn fCn min

9167 In I l t

the mod as 1
n in
Sot Make the coeff of

In Il t 2 In I 3 In I fcn

Same as In Il t In 121 In 121 t In 131 c In tch 51

6
middle term 12 3,5
t
l
ly z 43 13 3rd441
frm

M
middle value of

f CN ruin at value of n E 431 2

any

1
flu min fl 12 Iz t 3 16

9
n
behind this Izu 141 14 zn.eu o
Logic N 2

lb Z
 because coeff is not 1
of
I sfyg
distance

11 113N Il t 15N 11
9168 fcn In
n fcn will be minimum
At what values of

Sohn
In 11 31N 131 151N t

9 5th term
I Is I Is
t s

ie at n

min at middle hehe

fCn
t 120N 21
I l t 13N 11 t

In I l t 12N
169 f n

is minimum
n Fon
At what wake of

Sot critical points

tzotzo to
Iz Iz I
I so times
2 times 3h mis
time
 1 20
It 2 t
No of terms
20 21 210
2
term 105 5
Astlermtlest 212
So middle term 2

term
OR 105th of 106th

I 1243 i N n n I 105

NZen 210

2 210
I n

NE 14

14 15 10 5
AI n I4 Z Endy

n thterm
No of terms

Muddle terms Yu 4 IF

at
So far min
n
fu 4 Is
 9170 1139 n 11
fCn In 11 t 12N I l t l 3h I l t
will be minimum
At what value
of
n f Cn

Solis Critical points

1 I Iz I Iz I Iz i I I Egg
g

Y t 3 39

terms It 2 1 39 39 40 780 terms

2

middleterm 78
Hazel

390 391

term
the 39 out of 391st
find the value at which we
get

I 12g N 3 90

ME 27
Mtn 7 so

2771 27 14 371
2
Check
have The
So from 379th term to 407th term
we

value I
28

This minimum value at n

of fCn occurs L
28
 Concept Modulus Nephality

And
Also if
IN LK k Creek
1217N
O
OR N L K NC
Int k R2 K
glass PYD 2
part
t
inies saner
IN 24 N 4 NL Y
of

Q t E 137 values n satisfying

In 311th 1341 Range of of
the inequality

Sohn

I l
71 314 31 1721 136
Z
36 I
65
I
137 65 7 In

NE 1 36 34 31136

n C
E to 67
9172
IN 5m61 I IM 2mL Solve for n

Sdn take spares on

non negativeso we can
Both sides are

both sides the inequality

However we look
for
of
over all celeelehins
alternatives to minimize

In2 161 E Int 2h1

MY su

kn 4 Cu 3 1 ELI 2
I

labl lala Ibl

L 1h11m 21
IN 21 In 31

In 3151N

n E n 3 EN

I
N 33 n

n
MI In 31 E I n l

y Int In 31
y

I
I

n 5 satisfies

MI In 31 E IN

whole square on both sides

tekiy
2 2
E n
N
D
my g bn E n

6h2 9

n I
 the
integer cubes
How u
9173
many of satisfy

epition lun 91 In 41 7

Sqn
CT I
4
914

E onefriend
d
4 friends I
to E hey
ABID
U 9g
It
desk cowered 7g
to ABCD
comes
HE
7
7g 21g
Remaining
dist left

to be cornered
by
5 friends
05
2 Itta
So 21
4 5
9 2.25
K E 9 4 1.05 Y 4

RE I 20,4

n in that range is 24 3
Integral values
u
of
9171 13N lol In 121C 9 take
values n can
all integral
Find sum of

In 121 C 9
St 13N lol

Range Ranged Rargef

I l
z 10 3

2 log 12 113
distance log C
2 to 10 3
7 533

D distance
ABCD come to
Ranted No solution as
if
travelled 3 163
16 E 31

Rage 2 CA AD
Dist cowed by

9 16g 131
distance lift
To be cornered by 2 people BI
 4 I 83
6
3 33 l 83
So l 833
tog
11I 5

Rayed

D to AIL Dust covered 16g

Bret left 9 16g It

So
ABID
To be cowed by
or9
z
5

Reg
l 5 4 ul Sunn 2 13 4 9
So N E

HI
13h lol 1 In 191 9 N
9175
L!son 7
Cauchy Schwarz hepatity 4 Picks Theorem

Candy Schwarz Inquelity

niet ni n5 nigcyftyityi yy73fmyitnzyztnsys.my

Eni's Eyi f i ni C II
s niyi

from AM
Difference gm
Product
Sum

Sunn Schwarz inequality

Sunn Cauchy

Sian
Sunny
b c d ETR
9176 a'the Et d2 too ca

za 13 b t be 124 d man
Z
Saintasked Try thinking Cauchy
24 d
at 3h 142
sq 2 22 32 62
242 s
tht did
1007
Ut 9 36
1576
2yd
2at3b the 625 100

250
2yd E 25 10
2at3b 14C
Max value
250
 9177 p2 q2tr2 27 ptqtDme
Sum sum

Sdn r
Citi 11 2 ptq
p4q4r2

27 x 32 ptqtr

Cpeqxr E 9

pear me
9

0178 a 16 8 a
AkkuTRY AND
Discuss
9a2tb2 min

b't
SHI Itb
Igel 763A t

z
9aHb2 tog
tb

32
9a4b2 49
05

28 5
9a2tb min
 2
Gita Cn't Yy 192 min if ty 7
12 14

U
H
Sdn
2 i 3
n l
Y Iz
1 tz
422 92
2 t Lg
Ly

2
422 922
36 9 4 3 my 1222
36

64 144
u2t4y2_924
491

UH 4221922 min 144

2 what is the largest

N't 12 11
180 5 4 y
ntyez EIR AKKU Discuss
n can have iy.t
wake

relation involving
Wecuant a only

Sth
Mt Using AN GM 2
11
12 5 n2xy2 12
Nt
y
ytz
s
f
y 3ft 2 25TH 10k
2yz on
25th
5 3 TYE µ
2
Yt
12
lok
2 14 12Wh
y
 EST yz
2h2 Ion
Mt
25th ION 3
4 2 T

Ion 28 1 4h2 Zor

a t.nl

Ion 13 I
0
3h2

3h2 ga n 131
O
kn 3 E
3h n 3

Cn 3 to
3 Cn Yz
3
3 Nmex
see Yz
Knin

12 Easier Method Using Cauchy Schwarz

2
MH 12 11
5 of y
quem ntyez

y4z2 Itt 127 2 Cy 12 5

Cl W x2 3 5
lo k
22 2mL 2 25th
 zuk ion 3 SO

3
NG Yz

PICK'S THEOREM
number points 4 Area
Relationship btw of integral

G 8g given
an inequality

5h C 135 the
7g Cniy
Seh
sfyy
Find the number of integral pairs
inequality

boundarypoints
No of internal integral points excluding

A I
9 Bz

jvo.gg Boundary points

Area enclosed

TO CURVED FIGURES
NOT APPLICABLE
BounDED BY
TO AREA
APPLICABLE
ONLY

STRAIGHT LINES
 in 30 of
9181 Find the number
of integral points nosy

Akku Discuss
150
Nt2y

SMI A 9 I Pick's theorem

Bz
A Area enclosed
points
I No
of integral
No of
B Boundary points

Y 5
Plot
25
0125 Neo y
f nay 51

11 1111
O N d o
Y
i x
0 Olio
5010

o 30
may
150 of
n
y

25 50 625
A 12 Points on nanis

51 points
B io to 5 0,0 included
o.o is already
00 to 125 26 points
So we take 25 points
Points on
yams
N 50 26points
2g y
o n 2points alreadycounted
 so 24 points

51 251 24
Total points t

loo points

A Jt Bz I

1
625 9 WE

9 49
49 576
I 625
internal such thet
576 integral points
OR we have

576 1100 676

9 B
Total Integral points
Akkadians
quesnem would have been
Suppose
HaeB0_
2 50 YI
A 2625 8 624 BIO
 points
O O 4 Su
Ty E 35 j No ofintegral
0182 n
ye discuss
Akka
Soln
s n ng
135

i
n O
p
999 Ho
yeol gµfT
1
5 17 5
of 352
A Ix

5 6points
B io

G 1 5points
Cio HD
5h 35
Ty included
previously
5 35
he 74 Ir B best 2 13points

2 t
g
Ir E n
21ns
5 n o
Y

A I t B I
2

17.5 I t 13g I
 17.5 6.5 I
9

12

12 13 25
So points
total no
of integral
L!son 8 as

Logarithms turds

Logarithms

Exponentially Mathematically
in
an _N To find number of digits
a N'M
higher powers
But how do I calculate
the power n

ihatiy Cos194
ponent

ah N
N logan

N argument
Logan a hare

F or log to exist
N 0
a 0
a I

N an n logan
 grape of hog

began
a e toga
or a 1

mo

ne Coit
1

of base
Change

etlogc.bg
property a logca
log gfb
gab
as Someones is not
b o is not defined
fo bog
a dgned
A 9 Tthinkhowwe aboutpossible
Also think
b ay application

Properties Also 9193

I have used this
assume a defeat
to are

toga y Io is default
gf n leg
log base
2 logan
1
assume a
Sometimes we can

base such
as 2 to facilitate
3
gut default
solving questions
4 hegde
Base change property of leg
cogyd
5 log apt logage
legacpq

b leg Iq
legato logaq

4
7 RHEA a also see property
11
Derivedfrom property

1
8
toga
logab

bar log
9 toga Ip
ages
leg
log Lysa
x
beg badgeproperty
s
toga

I 13
13
log
81 log
eg

FAWN µbgpa
11
can be exchanged
power of argumentof
leg
 see
7
zhfp 3 also property
pw8p3
g
as calculating domain
u same
9183 Solve for
1 Cn 1
toga
2 n 2
Cog

C D

3 Cn s
logCn l

to exist
Sot l
Cognac
1 for log

n I
l s o
U o Cn
n I
combining
So n E les

emit
2 Cn 23 for log to
0
logy I
n t
l U
o
nel
1 n
U2 2
N 2 20

Combining
i n't
So µ z Inc
intersection
No common
R E of
 3
leg in 3 for log to exist
G l

Cn 3
OR N 3

n i O
1
NII
OR N

Combining So n 3
n t 3D
ok

9184
log G p 0.0625
6250.0625 101000

Sdn log 4 leg 5 2

o0625 zycyz
I
2

n
9185 log 343
login

80th 343 73 leg in zYn

log log Zz
leg 49
103 1000
3 n
n
log
 n
9185 Cn l
leg t leg Cn2 inti log 26

Soth for beg to exist

26
on 1 Cn2 intl log
beg

3 27
n
n3 I 26

condition is satisfied
n a
n 3
a solution
3 is
So n

86 bgaatogg.si Gaff

Sohn
toga
logy
toga
I
1
a 682 Fy
8 leg
lb

log
a bye
logza logza logy
 4 6
Copa
log a
bye
Let n
byza

m2 un n 16 0

U2 Smt 6 0

0
Cn 3 Cn 27
2
N 3 I n
L

login
3
of legg
a 8 a y

9187 n
Zz log a
login

Sdn
n t
9k
Zz cog align
t hymn
none wyn9
a by
3g leg base
Convert to same

I
2g logza
2kg2

3
I
2kg2
slog
Let t hgn3

3 2T 11
St
0
et 3
16th
0
3
161
2 Yt 1121
0
y 3 Ct 47
let Lt

47 0
41 3 CE

OR t y
t Z
y
y
logn3

Ey
n't 3
bogus
n
344
314
a 3
43
31443 3

1
n
481
9188 Zz logzn legman Akkusolf
KI n L 9
81

H
0189 2olof17289 156820256 576 t leg

Sot
256
2 tofu 289 stogie 576 t leg

A
202 1 152 576 41 fYjo we can

d use triplets
252 242 1
toff herefor
celerlehon
fast
79
logan fetus car 243

n 749

2
IF I log Csn
9190 logy 2kg3
n 7
Som 2
Tnt 1 logs Csn
logy 2kg3

2
toys 4 I log legs Csn
9
hg log 3m12
Gsn 5n 2
RT
these 2
to combine
I
2kg oh by
leg 3mL
toff Sn 2
log1
3
Ju Z o
zugfn Wgn

gut 3 2on 8 2zlgn

n

n I ay
un 11 2

Atso g.onJfhg.on
logion 5

F L
logion
N 1055

n
105
5
logion
n to
 12 log a 48 p at 364
9191 Cogza
a

Refer to Method 21st MI is Sdn

Sean my Sohn
m2 is Sisi
12 log a 48 p
logza

AP 364

play
a 64kg3

wgj
of
a
log

6 12 48 p
64

76
48 p
4096
TE

48102 103
14096 76 sp

4096 O
p3 yep 1768 p T company
b 0
a b
3 3 3dB zab
36 48 b II
 Cp 165 0

10 16 at 3
16
y
3
ab 3

a
34 81

2
Method
work on the log equations
Directly
AP 364 by
p by

12 log a 48 p
logza
64 toga 3
a
2
12kg
a 148 log is 64kg5
Cogs
c
ipy
2 64 0
3
log za 12dg
a
theology

2 3 BZ b
3 b t
a b a

53 b
Caring 64

3 34 81
log a y a
a 4 0
log
B 192 lofiooln yl tzbf.org tofu IN log

a
y

G of hgiolm hg.TO

logo leg

2N N 20
21mL
y Zn n 20

2h1 to
Nt
IN 121 to nzo 10
13 n 1 20
not 10 as n
zu 10
N
Iz

NI 1 10
I n 2n

10
I NI
ogtloasn
 This is
my
method
Alternately 21h1
Intyl to
Nty I lo Y y
g n 121mL
10
Nt 21mL lo

NO NCO

nYzn zn
lo
MI n LO 3n lo n 10
3n Lo n LO to
n
3
X
2hr1 n lo n Lo X
Y 3
y
20
20
Y 2g y

the equation
solutions of
9193 No of oval
L
2hgzhgznthgyzhgzc.tn

G rD L
Lgbt'd
Sdn 2hgzkgzntbfyz.bg logan
die
I
logs an legzbgzC2Fn

ug.com legs
byzwn

Cogent 2

22 cog
 2
2

It open

E logan

th 2T t

th t 2 0

2 0
t2 2Ett

0
Lt 2 Ct 117 t 1
OR
t 2
logan I

2
logan
n
Iz
N Y

check in main equation

Now
or not
whether log exists
 2hgzkgznthgyzhgzc.tn
2 TY
4 4 logy Wjz
2kg byz
11
I
2kg2 2 hfyzbyz 9
Il is wah d
so
2 Sohn n
f logy 4dm

dbfzbfznthgyzhgzf.ru
n
z Il

2kg242 42
H
I
2hfzlofz2 does not
number
a negative
high
1 leg of
exist
1
undefined
valid Sdn
Not a
So X yz

solutions L
h U Real

Wh
n DOUBLE
Conde leg log
BE MORE CAREFUL of RECHECK
L!son 9 Be

part 2
Algehre Pyg

values of
u for
94 Find the complete range of
Discuss
M Akku
l LI
which µ2tn
Ccl d C es
y
o es
a es o b
f
uck existence for log
API log Argument
so
M a
SMI n D
Mt silent 170
as

to evaluate
2nkgcnHnt
to
powers
cue
2emember
case 1 use logs
20
2n log Cuttntl
10

n4ntl I

n2tn O

0
Ncntl

but n
as 1 U co as
ME f
1
ne C as
 4utDCo
GreI2nzoleg.o

7n2ynt1L9Iiinneniio.m.n

No solution

from coset
Theyre
n E
C
as
1J
options
Ff in inequality questions
Method I use options can
go by options
are g

that can eliminate options

Choose wakes

Option elimination

2tntljnLta7fes.o
b
CC
o es
o d C es l

notthere in options
a 2 Is d

24mi
IT so eliminated
us 1
TAinopam
n4n E
So option D
l I 1152
so
1
false
q
Hence I
 0195 Find the minimum value a't b't a 1dL
of
2b 13C Yd
if at 30

Fez 32 72 at2bt3ct4d
Sohn
b4c2 d2
k
24 52 9 3
b a

debriefed 3oz 900

a2tL2_fed 330

hehe 3 o
So min

the nun
m2 Lyn 33 Find
9196 Int Lun 1331
values n possible
all of
of integral

CONCEPT Ini n of NI
Sot

2N 14N 133
IN 14m33

m2 0 UE 311
lyn 133
Illustration

to 71
31 u s

110 1 12 3
l c
sum
Reg
55 6 79

N
0197 Lyn 1201 13N 211 25

Sogn
25
4 In 151 t 3 In 71

p
AeB

I l
5 7
ins
l2 44
3 48
56 Bd 12 CR 12
AI iz
Sum 25 No solutions
 45 N
It 13N 211
G 198 lyntzo

Sohn

71 45
3 In
4 Inert t

AeB p

I l
7
5
I 9 No sorn
2 48
3D

Rl 9 Rr f µ
there 2 ranges
Check in

between
For R2 Ct PAR meet in
3 12 36 AB

9 to the
45 36
I D can move
right
n 5 19 4

dist 36
PGR visit ABC total
If
I total 7 people
Left
 So perhead 9

U 5 4
f
n
uz In IB

find sum all

9199 Isn 191 Ian 51 14 of
n

from'Ile
cakes of

14
Sdn 31N131 21N
El

ABCD
I
I 2 5
3
5.5 3
d6 D
2
SIX 55g

5 5 2 110

X 3 13 0

3
4 3
 real numbers suchthat
05200
If 9lb c d are the

ltd 4 Find the minimum

Ita Cub Hc

value abcd t Yabcd

of
lonuptoffymmehy
Cit c Hd 4
S.MN
Gta et b

Symmetry
Max Imus
cuith d g d
nibia
b with c
wiki b g
a
Replace
no charge in question

at equal values
Max for Min occurs

a b c D

Ita Hb ite Ltd y

Lita y

It a Fr

if I
abcd a
as

ant Ian
F r2t1
a i
aI 2
2
E
at
La
2h Etta 6
8 2
 62 2 36 2 34
94
12

1 34
ruin value abed
to of abcd

can be

q
Y
21 hey 2 EIR value of YI z

one
a b Y C 3.5 d More than
2.5

Sdn

nj TI Ey

rib ee
F

n3ty3tI

ny2n
zElRt n3eyz
tDz3vnyI
y
3 23 2 3
Misty
F
 µff min
So optimal

I
Bygmmd_yN
Z halve 3
y

9202 The minimum

value of
3tb3Jhc3_fb3tc35a3tCa3ec3J2b3J
azl_yzz L 7.9ib.C

numbers
are reel the

a b
Ek pay symmetry

1 x 12 a L
a9
0203 f n 912m12 aeon Ag u8 t azure tho
There are
are real
The 912,910 9g
weff
has 4 non reel
o
3 changes of fin 4 far
sign
the is true
Hehe.ch following
roots of

o
d ao 0

a O b go go
c
aw
aw

has
even powers
Sdn Since n only
changes
in f Cn
sign 3
No of in f C
n

charges
No of syn
3 or I
No
of toolsroots 3 or I
negative
0 No of

we
we hefty 10 poor are either
y
3 f ok 6
lo
Case I 3
8
3 4 By um 12m01
I o
aye y rest woe
are

Con 3 3
y 6
1
I
conf
Since Rest roots are 0

Go const term

0
NZ 1Mt 5
to
because
is a root possible
o n o
Nlt U

the constant
term is I
L!son 1o Be
Logarithms Part 2
µ bigger number
No debuts
of

I 50
Lolo 10 to too
value between say
pickup any
O L xx
100 2 log
by in 50
digits
3
No of
tooo x x 2
go ft
too 4 woo
value btw
pick up any
2 xxx
995
log w
3 digits
2 xxx

I in 5665
Find no
of digits
ooo
6651 Clog our
Gidon Hoyos

d Y lake ceiling function

Concept

o 3 ol
n nu log o2
lof e k n or

o 4771
digits by 3
U will have ntl
 number in 250
9204 Find the of digits

foln 50 0 3010
logo25 To log

15.0500

250
in
So no of digits

1650
in 108
Find the number
of digits
9205

10850 108
Stn log 50kg

50 33 4
by

50 3kg3 2kg2
c 2 0 3010
I 50 3 0.4771

0.6010
50 1.4313

50 2 0323

I NOTICE
THE
5 20 323
MANIPULATION

lol XX BY SIR

No of digits 102
 Akku Discus
we can calculate no zeroes btw decimal of
of
first non zero digit of any freakin

2 10 Y o ooo 2 3 Zeroes

I
Taketof 4
4
2 10 log Lo
log

E 3.7
o 301 y

3 Or 3 zeroes
3 7
Integral
wake

3 t 3

1 10 4
log
lo Y
log
y 3zeroes

I 1 I
4 s 7
you 3 non zero digits
 un
logion Citi R n

n
No of zeroes

b decimal
0206 Find the no
of zeroes
w
4 first
in following
non
zero digit
1
l 0.4771 2 0.3010
121
3g leg
f
4771 o 6010
121 o

121 0 1239

14 9819

No of digits ly zeroes

15 ly g ly
looktotheceiling

432
E
3
432cg 2 ly
log z or 4771
432 o 3010
432 0.1761
 76 xx

OR 76 zeroes

Q 207
p g r s are the integers meh Thet bypor
then n
q
log rs s q 31

Sdn 43 415
q p s r
k
g p k s5 r
g
s.ymmau.my sina.my
a

perfectcube of a perfect
b
square perfect power of

S 31
q

gills PY 31

4455 p135 31

13 31
5
pY3 rus p

l x 31
545 is an
inly phisal man
f
only possibility inly
 a b
at b 31

Za 32 5
8 16
a LG

16
45 2 1024
on

153 3375
b 15 n 13 15 f

1543 15343 153 22 5

q

N to 24 225
q
7 99

224 of I
then no
of integral roots
9208 NP a
If
26 p is D
of Cogan Hogan

Sohn
My 24
y 21
p toff Wynn
t 26 p
Cogan Hogan

26 21
Cogan guy z log
 3 24 0
log 1 9Cogan t2bbgn2

3 0
3
gCogan 27kgu2
27 thy Y
logy whole cube
Complete the

I o
3
Cogan
3 ayy

b elegy 3

E3 t o t t2 l O

f I I

3 0
log an
t
f
n 22 y

check for existence of dog

on halves of N log exists

at all roots
since
all the roots
are
3 as
No
of integral roots
integers
 t 26 p
MI Cogan Hogan

26 21
Cogan guy z log

24 0
Lloyd 9 on t2bbgn2

f resit
logy2 13 4 6 t 12 S

9 apt pred xp
Ltptr
2 24 0
3 2ft
t 9

ale
Not fitting a perfect

2 3 Y
Lg pg

3 leg ay
M 2 logan
logan
8 n 16
n
na y

check I 1121 3 Lakes

On encountering a cubic gn
roots
for possibility of
 1 all possible
9209 5M 3 2 Find sum
of
lofz values n
of
5h 17

Sdn
5 3 2
log
5h 17

2N I
s 13 22 4

5h 17
N 128 52 13
h s
L
5k t Exponent function
is
always positive
an z o IN
2 3 Yt 128

ly O see
f 2 15 20 t T Akku

125 0
t2 wt

0
2 25ft 5k 125
f
0
f t W 54 257

or 25 5725 2
e s

IN 5 X 5N o forth
 are in AP
9210
log Utz
log
cu Z log Cn 2ytZ
then
AD
3
nyt
are in
GP
I z are in
ng 4 are in HP
are in AP nyt
2 n2y2z2

Sohn AD
Cutt n
leg login Z
ly yet
net Ch Z g n
ly
12 3 are in
YP

n
t
att Cnet ug

Cutt
Ln 2 5 net
ly

att 2N x ZZ
Z
sent are in HP
y nyt
 legal ant
x legacy
9211
loft t y

Soli

loft tr a
legal ant't xlgz Mt't y

42
log 8 legal anti xlgz Mt't y
2 42

4
hey s Coy Cun u cyan

3
legality logy YIM
f lofzantl

a 3 f 2 1 e

3 0
f 2 21
0
t 3
f2e3f
f 3 OR b I
Gt3 t 13 0
 TD L
lofacunti 3 leg
2
4th I yn 11
GI
4
Nrt possible
4
I I
E A D

as an O
L!son 11 I

Induces a Arab

Power
Partly 1
containing an nth root form
Expression

nth roofform rational number

of 1 o
form q
Pq

sued
TTT not
it
a
irrational
number

Tz sard to the
number
national
root
Reunrig fractions are rationed power 42
or square
members

o 3J

22 O 232323
99

0 06666

M 0 256256 256
N O 232323
If 6256256256
23 232323 I ooo n
look
U b
23 999 n
too u u
n P q form national
n 23
Hq retinal rig number
number
99
 Foo not surd
to gtfo
2o a

a also celled
wth root of
Taf
a
order n
as surd of

If 51 2 Order 2

Order 3
FI 743
Order y
1044
FTO

root Suds
square of
I Calculating

231 2052 Sq root

Root inndo not

ok
JEE convert to
Lghuays
RF form
OR
J b
2 form

A caseof mere terns V t

Ebct2cc
I a2tb2_d 2ab
so on
 OR ab 132
1231275 fa zab
at b 23

at b 12
qlentµ
a b

d irT
Flirt

AKUUM.su

minny 2
So Dicide by
aqtzabmzabporm.es 22
Wecanalso divided
P2
f s xd u 7 355 multiply by

inmate
take the6
2 6 is

trees II
atb 28
Iz J To
ab 180

a 18 b to

Iz J tI
Retro
ICE trio
2
 Fz
12497
2

Str 53
Tz 5552
Iz

Concept

a't b't It 2abz2bcnI

Cat btc common
Cis

Observe
thesigns

IT 2b c Zac
Zab
2 a2tb2_d
Ca b
c

IOB 3055
73 1 6TH
e
Zab 2b c 02 values
Et BI c out which of the
11 to figure
zuse signs
are negative
at b c
 1003 3055
73 1 Gtf This part invokes
trial
a bit of hit of
73 2 2FF 2 2275
n
Common common
a a a 1125
Atb 135 bxc 25 Ex
at btc 73 5
I 9
15 5
15 9
45 25
I
3 25
45 3
V
Cheech 45 125 13 71

b 3 C 25
a 45

sniffs 2545ft
I E t C For afusB

Ifs tf Fi

Fs fast
Tuf

Tuo
f
212
zz gfs TE
23 8 F TE 1 2VTo

I 23 at 2 Fo t 254T
b 1C
AZ154 E Zab 2b ce Zac Ca

84 lot 5 23

IJ Cif Y riff Irs cuffs

B
N Cf Fo t Y

Jg to tf
Rationalization Do it fast

x
i
do it in
Skip this step ie
mind
conjugate
T
3 fs
1
4
3 tv

d b
at Fb Ca Vb

1 Came
Ctfb EL BZ
 funds
Comparison of

Remove Roots Sum is same

I II
3 s T 39 7 7
diff nearest
I
14 15 29
a My if close split
18 111 29
if if I as hers
22 7 29 difference
c Tf if possible
as
2 127 29
d Tz t 3f3 t the wht
diff farthest Is 1.4 3 1 73 Higher
6.59 MAX VAVU
Least Duff
a b c d

is same
Roots Difference
Remove
II µI 2
U 19
a fat fig 2
33 31
TE
VIS 2
14 12
Ty Nz

Rationalization
Application of

ru Ra 2
4 Dnr 1
Ft Fg

Dinner
y r.ir
iii
Fy FL z
Dnr 3 24 12 26
 denominators
Comparing the
An 3
Dnr I
Dun 2

2 b
a a

5 1256 N4y2t7mf_
9213 on my n3
y3 long

Sohn
n 5 128
I
my 5 zero 5 2

y In g zff 25 24

hey
ht
In

10

17
whey 17mg Wtf
10
n3 u3t I
y3 Tony Mrs

f
ma
102 2 98
U4lqz
103 30 97
UstLuz
 Revise

Ktla forms
Nt I a
U
a 2
N't L
ur 3 D
a3 c3Entla
d za Ntl n3tL
n3t I a3 39
n's n3 1
2 n3
2 2 z

Mtyny

n I a
n
V
N't I at 2
r
r
U2

Mt L a3e3a
z3

re
tha
 0213 N 2 03

nb n't n't I 7
t

N3

Soln nbt Mtn 41

µ3
N ZEB
n3 Lng
n
In 2 B

Y
52 14 56 Attn
43 3 4
n 11
N 64 12
52

9am n B ify In
3 Tfc rzt.IE my

Sen
a.fr irEr
n trs

5 5 2r
2f6crD2
qryT
 1 5 1256
Y In 5 2b

Nt I lo
Utf U

18 30 970
n3
Hq Luz
Eight

Akkudoscurst rift SFA

y7 ptqf7
q
are rational
numbers
p qtrtS
faqirs

76
Rationalize 76Cutty ru
soln R
4 57 tri Kutch ru Luta
w w

of 76Cutf
76 Cut of 12
2 8ft t
try fi
l9CutA
WI t 3

Again Rationalize Root in

want a

To
not
the denominator

l9 257 3

257 13 257 3
 257 3
19 4 57 ri
Z
2ft 32

ri za 3
49 Cut of

191
2ft 1305
817 12
24 17

2 557 355 2577

trill Sift
Pt qf7
S 2
r 3
2 5
P q

1 s 8
pt qtr Akka
slurs
Di

9216 I ATE Bff 1 C

ja 35ft
A list c
Sohn
I
1
I 2
51 3 543 1
g 73 543 1 I
ah a 11 oref a.be
tb2form
Form
I as a quadratic
cannot be solved

as a cubic identity
building up
 dry

a3tb3 Gtb Cah ab 1102

b Cat bib
e3 63

543 11
54311
51 3
2
543 1 543 1 435

543 1

513 1 13

543 AFF t BTF t C

o B 16
c
t
a
Emig
116 Iz
At BTC Ott
L!son 2 as

Indices of suds Part

20

a I am an
m n a 10
m
L a I
a
m
a

1N
am
am an
am fam
am

M m n
9 a
an

amm nam am ah Eis

2
s
343
3

2 Yu
445 y y
445J

Y 12
3
2 I 2 3 3 3 3 81
2 2
 m ambm
ab

yF
B 217
y y n n

Sen yfys yF
g
J y YEE
m2 5N 36

n 9 Cn147 0

m2 su 36 0

a 91 y

say 1 3
2 Ln 3
p
extraneous
check once for
The Maris efm
tools incase we are altering
 218 2 SY 97 3 9
f may

Sot 9
GYM 23J 13 off zu
zh
Tame but
327 3
9

n a
n
3y 13 y

13
2yt9 3y
6
y
U 21
27
My
one variety of problem

r't p2qr I
9218 pn off of

Zn dy zu
e
b In
a
In
th t ly t Iz
Sdn
k
pm qY rZ
KYE
KYL r

P KYU q
KYE a
KYL
k
tiger
Zutty I no
u

O
Kutty 1
 tutty iz tu

What is the wake of

9219 an BY It 4 abc L

saz
by Z c
any
kY3Z
wYn b idly c

Sdn an by e't K a

ab c I

u'atty Jt k

In Ly iz
3h7 O
Z T
2mg t by

HP Then
9220 Tf tf tf tf i 4 Tp Pq are in

in
will be
P.gr d None of these
3 HP
1 AP 2
YP

SMI krq irrscrp.ir

rp.ir fr
rp 2fq
 t t Ffr tr
pigot
t 2
2 t 2 t 2g

are in AP
q pour
Ptr

9221
If
a Itf a
at
B I
Sid MI a JE I La

Rtl R2 D
ah
ah 2 15 E D
1 if 1

ti Ftl
Cra t 12 Bette
2

2
2 3 252

2482
2
b t b 262 62
2 2
at b ca b ya b
 Fr 1
MI a Bet I at
6
a2 Laz ID 2
2K
Atta
a 2
ta
Ca Ea
a
ian Etta
att
Ca E

2 x 2K
G x

2452

0222 1
RE FEM
To Arm
2 d 2B
a I
b if c

Sdn 1
E tr F TERM

Fb Fff B TEI
l
1
ro Eri LIFT
 1
1
vz B R2
RE Tbt if

11
2
l
Lg Bff
c
option

t u 2555 282 n
223 WE
c 4 d 3
b 2
a I
Options

en the
Use options the equation guiew
Sot b is satisfying
option
question

as
method is not useful
General

11 2 B lot
Ll 2f5
2565
tf
Question would have
been few method
If could have
used general
then here we
3Mt Lo
del t 5 256 E 2b Yt further
y solve
 solvable of ad b reciprocal
an bn _K
Ept only

ie a Lb

Attitude
9224 n 3 TF tf
48N 274
2n4 24ns 164W

Sot
A tot
N 3

J Cst AJ
12 1
2Fs5
m2 bn 9
3 12535
m2 bn
140 12535
12ns 9 t
MY 136m2

72h2 298 t 2hr55

2h4 24h3 t

www mn um um
sina.IE's
274 8m74s n t 24 2455
2h4 2hm 167nF 148N
d

ME 6N 13 2535
SNL 24 16055 8mL 48N 124 124035 8535
48kt 2
 2nY 2yd 64h2 148 n 274 8535

9225 a It b 25127
7

at bb

Sot a FE
Items

ytBXs
2tf3

b Z B
4
2tB at b at
La
Obscene b La we do not observe
AKKU if becoming
this then it is
Abt bb abt 1
a6
very long
2 this we
asta By observing

able to use polynomial

are
2 Shortcuts
43 3 4

64 12 2
522
at
2 2704 y
2 2702

ah yay p 34
ya p
9mg 1

I 2073

325 on FDF
G
B 2
or
2 B

square root
is always positive
Since 2753 of

2 B 4 Not BI
252
L!son 14 B
Practice Semion
Algebra Part 2

Descartes Rule
sign change

1 c
Mo positive negative of maguey
Approx idee about of
roots

Rises
Man no of
the damaging
changes
in f Cn roots
I No of sign

Max no of we4 c'megmiry

on ft Tgaffects roof
Tf No of sign chafes only oddpavers
occur in conjugal
roots always
Jnaginey i _FT
a ib where
pairs fatib

Swp far an't bn ten dn te

t
t
t
Sign charges
in f Cn t
y
t t
sign charges
in ft n t
I
t
 we 0 image
2 the 2
Nature Ase I
of 2 image
Roots we 0 we
care 2 2
2 enginery
Otw 2 we

0 we homeginary
Utne
Casey

L
changes
in flu
No Mgm
But whenever of EXACTLY
we root
hes
means eguelion
that quetion
has a sign charge
Similarly Jf f C ni Root n

1 negative
EXACTLY
has

O
du e
huh bn cuz
flu Itu root
is fCn 1 exactly roots cannot
changes
of sign As imaginary
stand along
in pairs
dn e 0 occur
C of an't bns ten
f 0image
3 we
sign changes in fC n 3
of I we Limag
IMI Akkadians

has 2 the real roots of 1 we

ans t but cut D O

0226 is
the
then which of following
real root
true
always
home opposite signs
a a
4 d
have same sign
a 4 I
b
have same sign
e
c b d
opp sign
home
d a g b

an's brit cued o

Sot f n

changes
f Cn Zsign

fC n I sign change

option
a a g d have opp sju
f Cn

Implement by'n cheeps wth ad df opp syn

 not pomible
t t t
t
f
I
t

an3tbn2 cntd
o
f Cnt
b add haee same sign
f
for signchange
t n v
t t t t t t
t
ut t t
T y
t U
t t t
t
94 d home
Same sign t
t t t
t t

f
t
t

C b g have same sign

c
O
f n an3 bn2 cut D

certs of XT t t t
Gmpossible
24W t
aim xx
f on
reel roots x e t t
m I
same
q chare t
sign
 n
t t U
t t

x t
x t

f n an built cut d O

d
a 4 b home opp sign

t t

x t t
t t v
t t

x t

X T t t
t l
T t

y T t
t
t
 0227 1 1 1
If t
TE truth
t
at
Fn t
Doubt
Antibgim
1
QM t 9
AT
n
is a possible
whe of
which the following
of d 3
C Y
b l
a z

t
t
E
SMI t

fanion Fi
rx E II

rn
b
M Satisfies optum
 3
8 Nt 73 27cm f Anz 1
Bry Cy
0,228 y
s n
y a 26 b 19 c It d 13

then At Btc
NUMBER QUESTION
VARIABLE TO

Sdn variables I
serve question is in terms of
AKKU
numbers
Options
are SEE THIS
CONCEPT
ues
sof.at
RHS An2 Bnyt Cy
N j
i i P
8 23 27
At Btc
5
we can also
I 1 16
take n
y

I
I 1 or n
ly
A B c take x
y
For
3 27 I 1133
8 l i
A Btc
5 I

36

expand solve all variables will

Funds is if we

cancel So here we can assume values for

variables
 VARIABLE QUESTIONS
VARIABLE to
I variables
also solved by assuming
habeas
fu

9229 1 then
Tf pqr

1 t It
It p t q

r I
p q
say
Cy symmhtgp
u
r

weofnp.ae
any
t
with the Nhi
wannabee

sequentially

fthen what is
JIZ
f
9230

2pq
t I 2p42q2 2pq
the whee of

a 2
b for
c I

d None ofthese
 T
Sdn 5
C pi i q2

Hit Ind p 0 Getz EE Bz

values
No other value satisfies for eenies
Hitg
like this by
Substituting Trial

J 2p2t2q 2pV
q
t
zp q

1 NOTE
ft t
Akku
VARIETY
of

E
2x thesnows

3
is solved by
9231
nth log
Again
observation otherwise
Sohn
at 3
f it will be
Easy to see
n

so 3N 3 3 3
hey long
3 113 1oz through
traditional
approach
 t o t I
9232 n f of y t j
Tf
then n'ly
a
y
Yu
b why y
c n't p
d n't y'm

Sot n f of y t

Observe IT IET L
t t f
2 t H I

y
nY

in Variables
Obscure Question
Alternate Variables
in
Option
QUESTION
VAR
VAR TO
t 2
I Take
b 20 tf

y
n't yn
N 2
y
option
Al"bra Pa# 3
L!son 1 BI
Part 1
f equerries f feries

Agenda

AP HP
GP
nth term
Calculating

denominator
splitting of E

shortcuts
Series
herds of dog series
Miscellaneous Questions

Arithmetic Progremin

series
d
a cat d
r
at
r
Zd a 13 do
r attrit
nm term
3rd 4thterm
1st 2nd term
term term

AP
a Ln Dd
nth term of
bn

I 2 3 4
constant
Ii Diff is
 is
Whenever a series is in AP the average given by
term
the middle

11 13 Aug 13211
5 17791 g
AP 5 7 5
I 272
1st term Lasham
middle term Hep
2
r

2ndtermisasterin
2
also
so on

3 17 120 129 14 75
Random
3 7 20 2g Ay T
i
series
i
m

EXACTLY the middle

term
In an AI Aug
is

somewhere in
random series
lies
while in average
any
the middle
 Rt
AP Middle brim
Aug of any
Last term
first term
2

firstterm Lastterm
66 Aug
3,6 9 2
APP
GD 3 34 5 33
common Duff 66
69 1362
21 2

7 9
AYE
I 3
odd number of bins b t5
Ez b 3 y
contains b
If series luni g
will be exact middle
any the Mt A
y
I TI
mu be part of
oo.fqsefsj
qq.daan

of terns
tz.rs not part
number
even
series contain of series
Jf 7114
35142 4
there are 2 middle
bins
t tz t ty Es t6 even nod
not there OR t 3.5
4 the average
is
Aug tizz Iz 11
in the series tis 1
 1st term Last turn
AP
Any of
By

avg ate
2
the terms
where n is no of
n
Sum x
any

s xn n
Late Sun Ay x
q
Tn l attn Dd
s
fate In
d n
Sn at attn DE n
S at
of 2

rate Dd
Isn my Sn Iz 29 T n c d

Tn attn Dd
AP Middle term
a
1
Aug of Z

calculated
Dd d common
diff of Ap
Sn Z
Late
forward
in the
direction

to solve by Auerge
orgy cases Try
In AP Questions
Funder
 written in ascending
consegutive odd numbers are
9233 177 is
y if y
terms
Find their average
in of
order
the series
of
last 65 loins of
average 113
111772
tu3tzt
middle term 290
entire Z
Sdn Aug of
series 145
I this f 177
b89 b go
Luz
f i Cz
terms
r Last 65
thus y to
Average
to 8
middle sun titty 66
2 56
b 89 y
2
r
duties am

I II is
count properly
Bane counting Akku
one
Laos 1431 30 when take diff any
we
Diff of while the
included
number is
meow is other is excluded
Ay
included the
other is excluded

65 one of the term is excluded

No of Hrm 177 to 112
so d I
terms is total
 177 113 1 64 11 65 terms
177 to 113

I do 31 31 terms
is extended
but either 1 31
Mff 31 1 30

so 30 11 31 terms

Diagram taken from Line Cbus

AP 15
an
9234 Jf 5th term of
AP 25
13th lein of an

If 73 terms of an AP
1st
Sum of
due by average concept
SIN
b 5 15
b 73 t
to 37
8 573 21
32
ga co D i 25

32nd 40
y
go.gg
µm

terms 32 11 32 40 diff
8

15 40 55
37
55 73 4015
1 37 73
573

9235 127 85

139 140

Stg

Sofa so 7 85 5
tax
1,9
140 b20
Jiggs
139 too x 39 141
3g Id
39
Sfg tyo x 79
 Is
t3 3 2r5d 3
fg 5
75
2.5dL in fu E xd xd
Ss 55 to Me 39
7 39 TT I
510
ffun
r
tigh f so
to 15
535 to
r 39 18

lo 5 30
39

two 30 t 2
32.5d j 539
Xb T
n
40
0
IT 39

bag tyo x 79 72
40 III
39 39

535
Slo 120
9236 Sg 75

Y 55 13 5 75 t is Suits X10 120

I
5 13 middleterm ts 5 II
5terms 1
2
 t z 15 535 tis x3T
f
2'5d 3

g g
12

35 Is middle term
ftp.sdf g
550 blO
Sz o
18 12 15 3
530 1365
535 3 35 105

9237 Sao 610 Szo 1365 550 7

SMI Sao 20 610

FIX
2
tio s 3o 5

56
15

tio.s blz.zo.gr
1 4
lo
t's 5 45 s
1 2

25
Sso 30 1365
tyg x
550 6 25.5 50
30
1365
tis 5
75 5 50
1365g 4 5
C 15.5
30 3775

S z S
18
S3o
tf e tie tu tietie tie
 12 terms AP sum
9238
If sum
of 1st of
an
of

1st 18 terms of
the series then find the sum
of
lasts the series
1st 3a of

S3 o x Middle lent
Sdn Aug

t t tze tiz tit t tiz Tt try this

0
that tintTo tis O Total deviation is

tis
tlstB 5 0
Z
d n

0
530 tyg g 730
3 2
11
t z
to 5
a

9239 Sum of 1st loleims of an AP 99 except 1st term

And sum test towns of some AP is 89 Cleaning

of
term Find the 3rd term
6th

St tze tho 99 middle term t2 o the

tix 9 99 Eb U
 fit tgette tho 89

to Too
tltfzy.ts ttbtty.tn

fi Loo 99 1

Ed
CG I 410
59 10 d 2

EL L Ez 3 f 3 5
Application CONCEIT

can be written as
too
9240 In how many ways
me integers
conseputie
sum of
CD L
AP with
Soth Conseputiue positive integers

D I
2aten Dd too
Sn nz

za int D
n
n 1 odd
can be represented h even
2a einen
Odd my odd
as even

ten um
odd 2a aen
n odd

x even is not
Loo odd 11am zoo
OR o ways
as only
200 a squence

laray Divideby
40 z on both
5

25 x
8 NI zoo
x
5440 sides
2.5740
7 too
I OR
No of terms
avenge
5720 on
Loo
II middle
term
22
18,199,20 21
Zo in the middle gterms Symmetricarrangement
 Sy

20terns arranged

in the not possible

Middle

Uoterms because
Simerly 2.5
arranged we are looking
in the
middle not pornble for
the nos
Consequtive

or Uo in the 2 stems not

middle ponible

11 Zoo S x 25
2 on LHS RHS
Double by
25 in the
middle
a
25 terms
too Ux Ysymmetric
not possible
ok

8 X 12.5
100
possible
9 10 11
if if 44
U e v

not possible
12 slums
nos not
consequence tree

possible
Concept Summary

be written as
No in which 100 can
of ways 200
8hm
integers ofoddfactors of
of consecutive positive

too odd x even

odd terms fawn odd 3

52 No factors
Zoo 2x too
23 of is
I 5 25
200
No
of odd factors in 2n I
odd in M
cant take
No
of factors

1
a
n as
in which we can represent
of ways
integers
sum corruptive positive
of
odd factors of n 1a

A is also
I an odd factor
4 we cannot do anything with 1
as a
factor.fr this ceredconcept
 9241 In how following numbers can be
many ways
sum consegutive tire integers
represented as
of
frfr 2
a Goo 6 125 4 23 3 5

oddfactors 3 2 6

No of ways 6 1 5

b 2 6 1 5
9 9 87 6 5 14 3

27 39 5 7

5 2 2

TO
odd factors 5 2 2

20

ways 19
L!son 2
R
Part 2
Sequence
4 Series

From the best class last question n

e be written as a sum
boo can
9241 Jn how many ways n I
categers
odd factors of
positive
of consequhire

23 3 52
fo o 6 25 4
Soth 6
2 3
Goo
Odd factors of
6 1 5
No Sf ways

as a
600 be
written
on conseghtiuetue
how ways Rather than
In many integers in 9241
9242 as
corruptive integers
sum of such a
1 he values
us
not
introduce the and it does
We can
so that
way sum
the
20 5
100 affect
I
21,22
18,19
Symmetry
0 deviation
We can insert a
Consecutive integers
series sum too intact
the
Shm while keeping
sum 100
s
19 20 21 22
2 I O1 15 16,17 18
17 16
 loo middle term 1 no
of terms
100 1 1 or
_0
So for the consecutive integers ways

for conseptive integers

l
99 98 s z I o 98 99 too way
O 100

in m EiazaiET
So 2x no of oddfactor I
ways

CONCEPT
as a
n
curity
No
of ways of
hue intytes
Sum consegative pom
of oddfactors of n I

integers
corruptive
Sum
of I
2x odd
factors
 TERM RAMO
CONCEPT Sum RATIO Find
given

MI r 29 4 1 di
Fm 7 2

kn 1 d2
Snz 42 Zaz

Raitt
East d2

al t d
D
azt dz
Mth term raho

a Lm 1 d mla 2

az elm Dd ft m

1 42
comparing
m I
Ff
2m Z
n 1

n 2M I
 2 AP series are in the
nth term of
9243 Sum of Cher's 15th lenin
Find the ratio of
ratio 2nt3
bn 15

Sohn l5
Sn 213 m

n 2m 1 29
bn 15
Snz
in 61
Plugging Dir 2 29 3
179
6 4 1
4415

MI concept
Aug

i e
SII 37 tis 2

C is 15 middle term Tots 21

n 19
Ratio of Ratio of their
15th
2 AP
tofu Sum of 29 terms of terms which is
The
AP
the entire
avengeof
Eg t.sn
yzg

E
 is 5nt7 9n 114 Find
244 Sum of nth ratio of LAP semis

the ratio 13th term

of
to 1am ratio
Sdn Sam ratio

M 2m I

2 13 I 25
i 9 25 114
5 25 17
Raho of 13terms
132 239

CONCEIT lymen TERM RATIO find Sum RATIO

SMI m
2aµmDdz
n alter z

SML m1z zazen 1 da

alt Dda
th

di
at di altmtz
a2t Ln 17dL az mzId2
 Comptes
n i MI
2

n
MI 1 I
2

n m
age
I

null lant 2AP series in 3mL Find

9245 Ratio of of 2n 13
5 tennis
ratio sum upto
of

Et me
n m
2 I
n 3
Ratio 4
3 3
g
2 3 3

M2 Ss tz x5

5
5 2 Cts 2

3 3 1
109
2 31 1
9246 En 3M HI
Zn 17 1072
th z

Sum ratio
Term Ratio
Sqn
5.5
D Mtl
2
175 35

Csio 3I.IE I tti5 To 56

w 2

E N
c
S It 2 3 4 t

3 4 10
Sy I 12

5 25
It 2 31 4
S5

5 t5
Sg Sy

OR tn
Sn Sn i

nm terns tn
calculating nth term
an 11
113 51719 n n 12

2 4 3 5
1 3
most n

30 68
21 Lo
 I 315 7 9
I
1st order 2 IT 2

difference

1st order diff same

t
nth term Linearquation

tb

3 5 4 6
2 4
1 3
Tf 15 24
g
IT
astordn diff
z 2

and ndr diff

2nd order diff is egret

CQuadrete
an't bn te
th General term

4 4
575
33
13 130
24
n
2
T Del 68
yo zo
2

1st ordn diff s

24
18
2nd ordn diff 12
3rd ordn 6 6
 3rd order diff
is quel
who
turn an't buttoned
th General

Question nth lenin chin

Tf involves calculating

Observation
Method Rule orderdifference
nth term by of
Calculating
Methods

series
standard
n n n
th z
I Itze 3 t

e
nCnti L2n
m2 Erf 6
2 12122132 42
m

a
n En
n
nz J
3 13 23 34
M2
n
4 It 3T 5 7
odd numbers
n
Sum of est
 68 t 20 terms
9247 2 1 to 30

Sdn Observe that

tn Mst n

sn Etn Erden
nCn J t
ncnz
n 20

20
froze

2102 210
44310
44100 c Uo

Ruletered

20 terms
7 13 t 31 61 coz
8248 t

to observe
Difficult
Sdn 20 terms
7 t 13 t 31 61 to 3

A stords
Yg To
diff 12 12 anti
12
andorders
diff
2nd order Let tn antbntc
diff
mdmh w
 t at be c 7 Oomf
13
tz hat 2b 1C

33 12 31
99
tz

3 at b 6

sa

bat
2b

2b
24J
12

12
Za

a 6

b 22

C 13

th 6n2 12N 113

1 13h
12cm ntl
Sn Etn 6nCntDC2n 11 a
6

N 20 I
21 1 13 20
20 21 41 6 20
I

9249 I 13 6 10 115 t
2 Sss
1 toss
I
 Obscene 17273J
Sot
3 1 to t lo t 15T
1 t
1 2 3 4 t
1 12 13
I f Gt3 t
En nCn

M
11 2 3 1
ten Even D
ntDtheft
M 1 nCm
Z Sn t
Encn
Sh Eth

En't En
iz
ncn
ncn 2ntD

19 39 731
38 38 39
Z

t 38 39
38 77
396
Sze
L!son 3
2

Sequences of series Pant 3

c 25 terms
2 1 Il 38 t 83 146 t
9250 t
Solve
Akku

Sot In 9n2 18Mt

Put n 25
1in
sncn
Sn 9nCntDC2n
is
Rate hared as observation difficult

20 terms
36 80 150
251 2e 12 t

2422 733 32 43 74
13 12
Sot

tu n3 n2 n 2o
tnlnt1K2
Sn Een 4k
1 20 21 41
2 0
z
 Few Common series to remember

30 1 68 130 222
N's 2 lo
I in

120 c 210
60
O b y 24
I n n

36180 250,252
2 1 12
n3tn2
UI
a Hi 181481100 180,294
m2 m2
WI
I 12 13T T

2diff natural
all
hk product of
9252 find the sum of pom
to 20
less than equal
numbers

all possible pairs

2 a2th2t2ab product of
Sdn Catb
2GB 1 be
1cL
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c.de act ad
a2 LZ c d2 2cabtbc bd
atbtc djh
2 202 2 1 2 1 3 c

0 172 3 20 1422 1
19 20

1 2 11 3 1 4 1 119 20

I 12 31 120 12 24 1202

og
 20 41
2 21 216

U 7o 20615
2

FIBONACCI SERIES

Fcn 1
Fcn
F Cn 11 lets
Sum 2 precious
Present turn of
144 233
55 89
21 34
8 13
11273 square
u's Fibonacci
known perfect
is the only
I
144

series

Prime numbers are

First few Fibonacci

233,1597 Prime nos

3 5 13 89
2

Application

M how
can we step up
12 stain
if
253 many ways at a time
either 1 step of 2 steps
we can use
Sdn Fu
I step Inlay
it 1 or direct 2

2Sleep 2 ways.tw
H2 2e l
1 11 1 I 12 n
Fcs
3steps
3 ways
213 212
S
peg 1 11 1 2 11 1
ysteps MY 1 11 2 I
1 12 11

on the
Fibonacci series
F 12 12th number
233

the
What is
tossed to times
is
9254 A fair coin horses show
no 2 consegutine
that
probability
heads

HIT Zurays
Toss 1 Time
Bump
HT TH
ZTime TT
TTH TTT
THT
HT H HTT
3 time sweep
I 144 ways
times
series
possible outcomes is derived from Fibonacci
of
2 3,5 S 13 21 37 I 551 819 1441233J
 So prohalility 144
210

Denominator Series
Splitting of

Is
I EL's
AT 36
diff 5

OR

I to E Tz

IT
2X 12
diff
OR

I
t I
U x to

dtFz

it
IT s
 contains fractions
Applications en series which

t 25terms
9255 Iz t
t
t
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dn 25terms
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t
t
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3 3 4 4 5
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t at at
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i
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9 t 40terms 2
t
9256
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t Tzu Yoo

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t
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9257 T t
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T
3x

T
5

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31
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such series should be win

1 The terms of
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at bi exd
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I it.not
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Practice Semin
O

Fizzy
9260 t t t
it

San
f Fizz
t t t
it F
i

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H
t

inri
i
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t
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t
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t
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en
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t
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15 l t
t ft ist
TG
rn
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255
16 L
15 1 I I 16 Tb
16

61 121 i 3361
7 25
8261 Find the nun
of
121 336 I
25 61
7
John t 3361
t 25
611 121 1
7
153 ly
43 3 153 4
33 z
23 1 t

This question
AKKU

is solved only
by
OBSERVATION
3 my
I
4 2

I
add 1 of subtract

7
I THI
CEI
1
I

106 14400

14294
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S 60cL t 5947 t 5813 t
0,262
S
find no of factors of
t t 160
5863
Sot S 60cL 15962 Tbl
161 1 61
1 61 observations

tn n 60 n 11
Akku by
OR NCH n n 11
MCGo
observe n wid way from n
mac
to box I
1 60

ntl
S Etn En Cbo
Go n n n

bin m2

A 60
n
6lxnxfntz 6

10 61 121
61 30 61

61 1210
1830

61 620

37 820

61 2 31 275
5 37820 61 62 10
2 22 5 31 61
 S 3 2 2 2
No of factors of
24

t2
ft f
0263 t T o
z

b 2007 1 C 2007 fog

9 2008 1 2007
2008

d zoos
1
2007
are gruen
then
Incase options
to observe
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try
s
32 Iz ein denominator
papen
8 3
Sz
3ztI 3 15

from pattern
2008
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2007 turns

Brinn No check
Check divisibility with primes
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Few series shortcuts

I MITTM 12 t 1

l2t
Lety
I
for
Fy
check repeating pattern
y
2
12
y 7
0
O 13 77
y2 y iz y y

3 OR 4
y
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foeman Root

to 4
y

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iz M 0

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pattern repeats
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iz
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th y

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y

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y
r Toi
tf
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Answer
pattern
a
at bform a b form
4 3 4 3

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7 7

g FEET
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slats

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a

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1st sign positive

ri
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Integration Imp
It
As a summation

h
lun doyen logen
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100
lm too
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treat as
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ri
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t 1 Rage of
9267 S too tot to t
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2 to 2.5
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a

b 2.5 to 3 gant
2
c Leis than
than 3
d greater
loot 4100
41000
du
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too

a 23
s
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t too
9268 S
1
2 3
100
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SMI S Jenn
I
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Part 91
Sequence series

502 32 22 7
9269 492 482 472 462

Sdn 2 454 42 32 122

502 492 4 472 462

a b Catb
24
a 1371
47
G 3

50 49 50 49
48 47248

99
1 95
7 11 1
22
AP 25 24 terms
n
n 2 to
tn Un l

99 7 24
Ut
2

4 1 106 12

1276
12721 4
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502 492 482 4721 42 32 122

98 147 Ce 3 y 13 122
50 49 50 49 1 48 97 t
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50 149 48 47 46 45 t 4 3 2 1 t l

t l T 50 51 It 25 51 1276
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20 terms
22 Cult 345 1446 t
9270 Rcs

Sdn ten n2 n 127

n3 12hL
n zo
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2

10 7
21
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49840
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t
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89 47
90 46
them
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ft to Iy
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t tho
it Kotto that

t tgto
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I
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Solin ten 1
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1
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8 xn
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ty
l
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13th of 15th term of

an AP are 4 IT
0273 The of this
1st 195 terms
What is the of
sum
respectively

AP

Soth tis 45 D its its E

LET
tis L
d i
13
15713
5195 t 196g 98
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tais fst FEI t 45 9
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1137151

tat
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nth term L 9 Ln
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1
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lent I
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3 Sum of xm terms ninth

Z

M 13 n 15 men 195

5195 1 98 DEY
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am

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function lersthan
greatest integer
n
to
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d 62
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o
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go

to I
k 17 to 33
5
3
1 9
33 17 11
Sum
17

to
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I 2
K 34 to 50 foot

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17 2 34

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e sin c v
Total sum O 1171 341 9

60
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9275 t
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these
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t 5
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4950
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m259900 ME 99 Check

99 100 9900

1
t
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1 12 11 2 13

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n M mln 11

n I to 99
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2
41g 9510
L!son 6 RI
Agenda
Sequence Series Part I
YP
HP
Geometric progression
Agp
Misc Series
Series P
in
ly
n 1
ar i ar
a ar ar

1st 2nd 3rd nth term

term term term

common ratio of AP

n l
bn ar

r t tyz
tf I t
j
a a a

arm
I Earn
Sn a tar tart t
powerupto nI

a fr I

n ie Cn l il
power upto

I r

a
 I
as
So at ar are
A UKU
a onhfwhws.ee02900
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otherwise
I
Sos as
if Irl
A
2 41 6 18

1
It t Ly t f tf
1
2 Irl Iz
l I
2
A
t
6 25
25 y 12 5 t
100 t Jo t

_Iz
Cti
Zoo
Irl
too
Iz
Il 1111 cult
7C It

blunts
7 t 77 t 77,7 t 7777 t
Remember this
9276
totems manipulation
777 t 7777
Sofie 7 77
10terms
1111
7 I 1111 111

totem
9 19g eggs 9999
7g
104
10 1
I c
lo l 102 1 1103 I c

GI
 1o l0 10
Ig 9

Agp Agp type

Arithmetic Geometric Series
d 1M
t
5h t 7h2 9n3 un t
9277 3 u are in A p
Coefficients of
7 9 Il
3 5
2Tomponents
n N
n is in GP
n
no n

3 1 5kt 7h2 19ns t

4
no
agree ma order
say
2 10 30,68
130

t d 1
9n3 Hn t
5k t 7h2 t
S 3
with common
ratio of YP
multiplying
one more eyn by
Generate as 2

7h3 9n4 c

3h 5h2
NS

y es
2N 1
3 t Zn 1 2h2 12m34
S NS
3
S 1
31
i
22
n
3,14 r n
2
 1 co
t t
t
9278 S t
Fa 3

13
7
I 3
b in the
Z 2
2nd order series
z
2 numerator

t
S
tf tf tf
I l
t
t t
ta discus
Akka

CAW
S que
f tf It
t

Idf ft Et

Hz It
t
Eat Est

s
I I
7
2

IT Tbt Ii
It ta t
f t
51
1 t 62 252 42 2261
UG UG 108
 8A
9279 t 1
89
S it t
SE d 18 157
C 157181
b 107156
A 571g Akku
Aap type discus
8 t
S 8,4 3
Self
its
888 JP 2
combined
2components s ss
J gp
Ftzfgs
as
oof t 8,83 t
t Eez
SGT it
t

it
8
80
97
S Fat ratio Yg
f Pure eyp
common

Soo
793 II i

Tain
t
is l 1019

Ei't
S 15781
 each term is equal to
9280 In an
infinite YP letms that follow
3 tomes
the sun
of
series
1st lent 8 find sum of
If
a
Sdn a ar ar ar ar j
x 3

a 3 Cartar2taft 7

3
I r

a ar 3am

r
war a
Iy
as
Soo atartastt
815 323
So
of

the
The 6 infinity of
has sumn to infinity 4
28 sum
A
yP term
ofYP
is 6 Find the first
sum of squares of YP

Sdn
ar as
a ar ar

a t4r 4
Sos y
 a 24
l r
arr ahh ahh es

z 6
d 6 I ru
Ges r2
I

2
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C r Gtr a
i r

6
91
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yr
6 162
4cm
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to
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21
21

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9282
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14 of
9283 Sum all terms
of
an infinite YP
of in that
all the terms
sum of
cukes of
is the sum of squares of
what
392
progression progression
in
that
the limes
all

A
SIN a ar af
a ly
Scs
i r
 a3y6 a3z9 es
93 93,3

a3 392
Gas how it
C RD AKKU see
solved
is being
r
A 1411
from 143 Ci r 392
L r2

3 39 228 7 I
C r
7 7
1 r3 44 44 19

2
Li r I
ltrtr2

Itrtr
7 17M Mr

0
682 Isr 6

2 0
262 Srt

0
2r2 yr r 12

27 0
2 l r
2r r

P Irl ca
r
L 12 but since infiniti ly
r
Yz
 a 14 7
112

ah into
gas

Sn 567442
9,284 YP
512
1st term
n
Ratio 514
Common

SMI Sn 512 Crn

1
11349
2
r l

512µg D 4349
Z

514 I

1
sty 11492
512 4

434.9
I
E 1024 4
4096

n
1149 4096
EEE
4096
E 4096
Ely
n b
L!son7
Practice ternion
Sequence Series

then
n is a positive integer
9285 If
22 2 is
111 I
n times
2n times
number
b perfect cube c
prime
a perfect square them
d none
of

Variable to heriahle question

Y
NI 11 2 9 perfect severe

N 2 1111 22 1089 perfectsevere

332

So option a

9286 0.2Gt It's 1ft

d None of these
b
c U
a 2 Iz

as YE
o
o 2bdrs yftf if.in
42
0.2Gt
 Ys z 2cg 2
yo z
2
1 2hrs2 says
s

bys Y
S 4

t t A
t
9287 t
IF
t
t
t
Sot

t
s
desans
Akka
I
sent
Aaptype

n t
55,535T t
t at 55,53
288
I
5
Sot's at s
f t
I converted to GP

Eat Fat
aiolis
TE
i
s
Ee Eat
 STI E
12 3
1 10 13

s 6536

in AP n
Intl I are

9289
5.2 1 logy
log

Sdn
Tf boy is in AP Agreements are m gp

Mtl Atl
lofz s I 11 logy
2 1z6gzC2 m AP
2 I by
71
lyzC2

9 b c wi
AP

beatz
5 241
leg bye
2 tis
log

265.271
2 log Intl leg 2

2 1
Ents leg 215
log
to 2 1 2
2 I
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2N lo
2

2 0
22N 2
lo

n
Let b 2

0
20 t2 t 2

t 45 112
k log 45
1 215

Alternate

41
2 Atl gzC2 AP
legs 5 2 11 logy m
2 I by
71
lyzC2

b'sac
5.2 1
1 2
21 1
Proceed as before

n 2

162
7 160
a
1602
i r
in lbf
is L rn 162
 n
Sum 762 and sum n
9290 of an infinite GP ratio
of is
inhere its common
terms 160 The of
the connmon
values of
Then how many
an integer values of
also how many
And
who are possible

Akku discus
n are possible

n
160
Sot a 162 all r

i r
7
wake
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This is n terms
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AKKU
arm
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at artaratar3e r I
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when
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rn 160
a 162 i

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L M 161
162
rn 2
162 481
 rn I
81

1 181
n
8D
I
Yn
3
j

for to to be an integer
34N is an inly
Or n 122 OR 4
ie factors of 4
or 3
So 81 OR 9
ly
Ig Ital's
or r

none possible
3 values of

c RES
if t B Eff e

9291 if t

Gif
value at every
inlet
2
will change Fe
Soth Gtf L B L
it 13 1 tf
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F

4 so on

35717
5 21 7 3 t 9 x Ut
Path z It
p p
anti x n
f
182 324
fm Montt B2b
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f323
En
So 2E n t

tnCn
2xnxLntDak
3
35 17 18 9
Sit 2 17 8
A

105 t 153
34

3723
 Shortcuts

Continuous Series

q 273 4 5 31
4 5 L
Tt L
3 4 2 3
1 2 3 42 numerator
Noggums in
y 3 terms 311
31hm

are in
continuous form
the terns
when
Applicable only

504
45 6 t
7 1513
tY 3
5 6
w mo of
zy
turnsin
numerator
11

t 39 40 41
1 2 3 12 3 4 c
9292
42
Sohn 39 40 41
YI p
Iti
Tmm
No Amm
sure
9 terms
I
475 2 3 4 576 t
9293 1 2 3

goin fastarmondter
x 10711 12 13 xD
fl
L!son 8
Rd
Functions of graphs Pastt

wi
domain should have an image
element in the
Any
is
set B
should have a unique omage
in the domain
element
Ay to set B
Function defined from Seta B codomain
set B A domain
f A B CHEB
cakesof
and all Range
A B
fCn _ni
p l
B 2 nel f l
R 3 n 2 f Y
S
N 3 f 9
Unique
unimof
co domain 0lP
Domain
gµJf
Dom A PARS
Codomain B 1.213

A B
Nounique unrefe
x
P l
a function
Not
a
R 3

Co domain
Domain
 A B

P l
Z
B
R 3

Co domain
Domain
function
out Not a
in
S left have unique image
should
domainA
All
elements of
codomain B

S s
fcn m2
i lo
S I 2 3

I
fCn u2 s
s

1 Dom
z U
3 9

Co domain
Domain

4 x cannot come here

there in S
as 16 is not
all highs
halves of nuts
Tone for
Typesof function
function
ontofunction g surjective
I
Codomain
Range wi domain
should have apreimage
elements in codomain
ie All

ONTO FUNCTION
A B

P l
Z
B 1,43
R z Rage
Codomain 1,43

Co domain Range
Domain

INTO FUNCTION
A B

P i
72
R 3
S 4
5

Co domain
Domain

Range todomain
 Function
Functions Injectune
II One One

A B

P i
2

R 3
s u B
1 I mappif 5 lean out 2elementsof
we can
b leave out any
cannot
but we
G domain
Domain elementof A

Onto
Fanchins
one One 4 I
II Bijective
Range
codomain

I I

A B

P 21 Mapping
Z One one
7
33 codomain
R Range
S
y Condition
n CA nLB
one
for one
co domain Onto
Domain
 Functions
lountingof
99 to I 90
2 digit
numbers lo to 99J
No of
this from
9 to 9 10 92 Akka learn
o to 9 video
Ito 9
2nddigit d
1stdigit
Youshould
already
it though
know

How functions
f A B
MCA 4 NCB 6 many
8293
to B are possible
from A

A B
bophears
p I
Gophins z
g 6 6 64 1296
3 66
R boptions
S bophois y
5
6
Co domain
Domain

NCA
functions f A B NCB
 functions from A to B
g 2am How are possible
many
B n A 5 NCB 3
such that f A

35 243
Soth mcb

functions
6 How Bijective
294 NCA _s mens many
A to B
are possible from
Auto
function One one
Sdn Bijective
I
MLA nCB

6
MCA 5 I nCB7
but here
not possible
bijeh.ae
fandom
0
So Ans

functions
9295 NCA 1 5 No of bijetoue

NCB2 5 A B
5
p i
2
g 3 4
R 3
2
s y
T s

Co domain
Domain 5 4 342 1 5
 n B No of big eve fanchoirs
f A B n A

MCAT

from set A to set B

No onto functions Connjections
9296 of
B 2
MLA 3 5 n

I l
I y
2 2 2

z 3
y 4
5 5

25 g 30
1 or 2
p to either
all are pointed
case when

Onto functions

codomain
Range
9297 NCA7 4
No onto functions surjection possible
of
MLB 3 Akau disuns
from A to B
which are not onto
functions
Tot no
of functions

34 24 2 3
3g
1
2 exactly
total exactly

81 3 14 3

U5 36
81

n
2
then
co the heat

Mcr
nl.rl.cn r

discuss
Akku

10,11112
9298 S I 2 3

non
outset of A
1 No of empty
12
2
the
Iko Re Reza
z
SMI 4095
212 1
subsets
Nonempty
 Proper
subsets of A
2 No of
non
empty

Sot 212 z 4094

p
s3
03

4 516,75
that contain
subsets always
3 No of
Sdn PE S
P u 5 6,7 4 extra
Et
28

L
28 251
Scot Sc 8cg
L!son 9 E

Functions
Graphs part 2

functions
General
solutions
of

f Cn fly
f entry PATTERN
FIND SOME

I f CL 2fCi
l
n
y fC2tl fly fci
f 3
Zfc 1 f Ci
3ft 1

_ka Akka
fc.se Remember
General
pattern
Sohn
General
quehion
_kn Linear function
flat fly four
I forty
f Cni an hyp function
2 Fenty fcn fly
Log function
far Kwgn
f Cn 12 f Cn fcy
f Cn un polynomial
4 feny flu ft of degree
n

fcm Yn
s fcn fcyn In b and depends
on question
 AN Elk
9299 forty fans fly
f Ch 7 fab

SMI fcn7t fly

fluty
fcn7 kU

f 2 7 2K 7 k
Iz
7 6 91
fab 22
So far 7

f ne R
9300 forty 3
fan fly
f 6 15625

fb
fini fly 96 15625 56
Sot forty fCt
an
few a _5

7 53 125
for
 fly 4096 f Clot
9301 forty _for fly
K
_a
E fcu
4096
f Cy aY a

I
9 23 8

810
f n 8N foo

fault f Ctu ful fun f 31 82 for

301
t
Sdn Inn 11 82
fcn un
Like e

In 81

3 34 n 4
f z

54 625
fcs 5h
discuss
Arun
124
far f ta f 37
9302 f Cn t fun
f at

fun fan fan

Soth fan
for Inn 11 124

here use untl

 Nn11 124
53 125
n 125 fez
6 1
n f s
215
63 1

In CN
fontefcy
8303 fluty to
a

6 fCatk
g
33 p

Soth

fluty fait fly

far kn

f 32 6

3k G k 2

fca 2n

10
fcatk 170
k 1
10
170
Hata 170 2 Lca 1k
E a I
k
85 lo at 55 85
Cath 173
a
3
 304 fast fun fcio lool few
far f Ctu
SHI fcnifcyn fcultfc.tn

far tunnel
Take
Mel

f lo lool

I
10 11 100 I

Ion 1000

f Cnl u't I

f C Zo 203 11 fool

Funchion as a Simple quetion

9305 Infor Sf Iu Zz fcs

Soth
iz fCs 31 7 3 2

Put 3 3 f Lz 3 f 7 3 2 20
 2 3
Addy D 120 tgfc3 3fC3 32

3
f 637 x

fcs 9g

function
GREATEST INTEGER

I 2 3
2 3 2 greatest
integer

n Greatest integer In

E n L Ntl
n

n
Ns En t
0
Efrain.mil part of
n
T
gntegue partof
gu o 4 Lt
n

2 3 127 1 o 3

37 Y t o 33
always
 63 o
73

9.09 I Go 93

L Find the sum

of
minimumof
E 306
I Ig values n
maximum of
sd
µ I

Umm

I It o o to

min _5 I
I IE

35
Start around LCM of 547
Vmex thinking
I
t s
If EET
than 35
think ahead of 35 but lenses
So we wont

Ef 6 xx
24 Sff
2
 4
keep 1
v 28 atheist

At Vmax 21

LEI LEI
5 Y I

min 5 Vmax 29 Sum 34

How positive integer

many
9 307
It values
of
n will satisfy
this

Std Case I 0 0
starting value
depends upon
denominator
ne l to n 98 layer
98wakes depends on
andig whee
Cese 2 denominator
que smaller
Me lo l to n 1971

197 lol 11 9 7 walrus

lose3 2 z
 n 202 to n 296 95haters

Case 4 3 I 3
395 303 1
to n 39 5
M 303
93 values

and
4 1
I
to 499 494 404 t
n Uo 4
91 halves

Pattern 98
197 72 99 I
195 odd 49 consecutive
Sunrofast
t 93 nehurl numbers
c
i
I 2 1 I

2
492 98 492 49

49 51

2499

numbers Nh
Sum of 1st n odd
F A

B JCA
functions f A n

nCA3 nlB No of big eve fanchoirs

fA B
MCAT

N
2
then
co the heat

her
nl.rl.cn
r
 L!son 10 B
Functions Part 3
4 grafts

Function inside function

Composole functuris
pronounced as

fo f Cn f often

f fans

Say
few
prepuce
n
YY
1
fof ink f fan f Tm
is te U
fkn
observation
addhis
L

ssar.tw

I
J

tE
ZI
St 2h
 fcn Itu

n2
gcn L in
n flyin for
fog
CtnJ
gcfcn glitn
gofCn3
a pattern
think of getting cannot find
as we
1009 times
9C 127 88 or
0308 fcn 3k f
n 3
f iz

Sot fcn He
n 3

3 12 34 y
f 12

f 2112 fly 12

f 3427 fCl2 Y oddpower

4 evenpower
f 12 FC 42

too 9
f 88 iz Y f f 12
9309 form
fncni fffn.tn
n

1 f Cn f'Cn f3Cn
n
f 9cm
If I
n I fsln
2
If

Sot i f Cn E
T
2 1 3
f 2cm f Yz

f n f Yz If 2 13 5

f 9cm
So film fyn 83cm

5 34,54 77 14
Ex x Ex
I
89

ith
o fam
If n i f n

foulsHN a 4 so
as
I Am
f2cm 315
2
2
3 foul
f 3cm Yz fkn
 310 f n 9k
G
g t 3
tf CY5 t f 2137
fo tf CZ x f Yz tfCYy
fLo t

son
f Glu fats
I obscene
aigueimnektair Fddupto 1

fCn tfc i n

l Y
k 9
e g t
n
qi 13
gut 3
N
3.9
9i 3 MX
Mt 9
9 3 g
9 t 3

I
I
f C42 fck
fly 2 112
n I
far f Ci
42
g tf CY5 t f 2137
fo tf CZ x f Yz tfCYy
fLo t
fC3 u _fC4
l

4 142 9 2
 bn 17 for n E IR 23
9311 2AM t 3f 2115
2 Observe
Akka
f Cs

En t
t
ILE J

Mtm hTmh t
2 n
n
the wake of
2n 15

n 11
3n
Jwt
6 find
2nt5
72
3

Put us 11

6 111 7
2 f CH t 31 2
4,1157
3
x
3fC3 73
2 f Cll 2
25
2fC3 t 3fC

219
tf Il t 9 fl 37
JO
t Hfcs
bf CH

5fC3 If 9

f 3 161
5
 fly gcn 4
9312 fluty fangly 1

fcnifcy
gang gingly
CD 915
foo 1813
f G 315 g

sen mi
fly gcn 4
fluty fangly
fcnifcy
gang gingly
Fromobsernahois

fCn Sinn
5
s
Cn can
g
y
sin I 315 usin30
sin 3 zsing
cos I 415 yws3o 3USD
cos 30

f Cz gt3
3 1
sin 3 1cos 3 sin 3 1 c cos
36 sci
4ws3Ci
45m34
3 sin I

4 2,27 t 4116 374g

5
3x3z
F I
256 108 9 12
125 5
 17 I u w

MI
fCD 315 Calculate fb

415
gli
2fCi GCD
f L2 f Citi 2
2x x't
fll fcl
g CA
gli gli
E Is

f tf
2 f Cl
f G gli

2a x EYE
96 121 I
125
125

gag
CD f Cbfc
GG
a as.ae 7
Fox's
 fess 18137
Yat Hz fast

An 72
B 313 fncn fff on

n ft cn
of fCn
nel

2
YI In
Soth
fun fCnn 2N
I I
Ntl

Itn 1

f 3cm f C In In n l
fin

Intl
I Huta I
f YIN YI
i n in I
I
tuff
2N N

f5cm f Cn

So cyclicity pattern of 4
n
f En
f Yn

602cm fffbo.cn fkn

f
L!son 11
I

PIG
Series
Sequence
Functions

Miscellaneous

n
Gsm
n 1

Sdn ntl
C D I n odd
n even
I

1999 119997
15 n 12 22 32 42
nel

19982
2 19992 z 22 42 6284
22 32 44
999
3999 22 12 22
32 44 t
1999 2
22
6

1999
1999 2000 3999 g gqq 1000

6 6

1999 3999 4 999

62002
I 3 1999000
1999 2 000
AZ
 IT n2 12 22 32 42 52 119972 1998219992
my
119992
1998
3 4 3 14 t 1997 1998219997
I 2 Cc 12 c

3 7 il 3995 11999
4k I test to k 999

3998 999 1199

2

19992 1999 999

1999 1999 999

1999000

M3
if n2 12 22 32 42 52 119972 1998419992

3 14 1997 19998 19971 1998 1199

4 2 H2 3 4 e

19992
t 1997 11998
1 2 3 41

999
1998 1999 19992 19994999 999
72
1999000
9315 a
x 33
23 a

finding pattern
SIN Akku always try

11
tn n3 I Ln Daren
ti m2 Mt
n3 11

5 b g
4 31
2 tie 2 b x 21
3 3

2 13
n 3 b3
447

215
tu 3
MI 13

Putting the
webs 19 421
31 x
Y4 21 x 3
Ix
Is
2 13
IITs 6 24 term
largest
g
x x x
xToxU Exµ
xEx x

42120
1 2 4321
21 630
 The
d 316 Sum of 1st 2023 terms
of
a
YP is 2023 sum
of
is 18207 faid the
1st 4046 terms
of
the same
YP
of the
progression
6069 terms
sum Ist
of

4045 6068
2022 at
Sdn a ar ar ar ar
i
2023terms I

4046terms

6069terms

20221 2023
a

F
b
al r 1 18207

gf022 2023
gumbo 18207

2023
e
2023 1 18207

1820 7
82023 1 9
job 11
2023 2023
r 8
 6061
a

r I

g
2023
D a 1

So
pilot 220241
6
2023 82023 1

2022

2023 r 4044202311

2023 x 64 8 11

2023 73 147,679
 T letms
9317 SCN Sam of 1st N terms of AP hairy
T2 lo
SCI SCZ SCT are attfuares
the Common
the progression
is half
The first
term of
I
the propernoir
ED of
Difference

even
The GD is
II
are true
following
the
which of non NI
Neither 1
b
a Both I 4 I
d I
Only
c I Auku
only observe

numbers
1st n add natural
Sum of
sphere
nos perfect
Ifor odd Thehnet
SCL SCT
SCI

to m
4 It 3 5 9 4
1 I 13

cd 2
9 1

Henie option
 18 tomes the date of his
9318 Gachin found that
if the month
subtracted from
25 times of
birth is
result is
210 In which mouth was
the
his birth

Sachin born

SIN 25M 18 d 210

18 d 25M 210

25m
18dg
he 18
Ir
7m 16 In o

Tg
m _12

5
1
9319 Tn n 1 Tn where n 32 of T 2000

Find o
Taoo b
oz
loy
0th

Tavor 2oooTzooow

2000 X 1999Tiggg

2000 x 1999
199811998
T
1998 n X 2x I
2ooo X 1999
x

x woo
ooo

ooo

2000 logby leyburn

E log bfb2tkgb3t
c D

logblooo

I
log Tooo legCooo z
Hoo
Cooo
L!son 12 B

Functions 4 Graphs II

Domain of Range

I
f Cn u2
Man take
that
Domain All the halves take
Add the values
that flu can

Range

113
ut
f Cn n Dom f

Range f Loos

Domeyir
a
Square Root function Ma defined for a

D
a 0
2 Reciprocal funchois Ia
defined
for
3 Logarithmic function leg a b
b 20
a I
a 0
 Range
I D
1 sinn wsu Range f
o
Range
C es
bannfwtu

Range C
as
2 n
log

the function
9320 Find domain of
2
fCn log

0
defined for
a
function is
Sdn Ma
20
defined for M 12

dog f tz is

0
me 7h 1123
for
M 112 is defined

Combing

UH 7 n 112 20
I 4 u C 3 as
as

4 Cn 13
o n E f
o a I
a a
on
condition
exist toga b
II for Log to
4 I
m2 y o f n
 Inl 2 f N f IFS

2 es
2 U
me
f as

XH.o.IN Y z
xo
TE ieflloI T
as 2 Ifs
U Cz
z
4 u C z
KE C A

Dism
Akka

9321 Find range of qq.ge to rebuild

where we
try
in a standard way
Sdn Solved
eypremois
the entire

l E Sin
N E I
4 nu
I
n t
2 I 3 tsui
BE
In E inn
 2 El
izz 3 1 Sinn

l
i EE
So Rage of 32

n t Sinn
of f
Cn
9322 Range

Sui n
n t
Sdn f Cn

da e D

C vs
d

Range of font
my

1 Rage
9323 f Cn K 1 Sin N

0
sinn 01 0
r ns o n
R o at
Dom f is not defined
t
n
nisus
as d 1
remains from
Range
C rage d
 9324 1 TF Domain
log CI n

Soth For log ci n to exist

I N O OR N L I

n t O
For 1 to exist logroll

Yuu
n
or I n t 1

OR n f O

to exist
For TF
N 22 O N 2,2

72
Combining
n c l n 1 0 in

No common cryrim
n exists
OR No such
So NE is possible
for which f Cn

2 nd n Domain
9325 z t legio
y m2 y
 M 4 O
Soth 2 exists if 4
ok 1mL
m2 4
OR Mt 12

to exist
For log

n3 n 30

30
OR nLn2 1

0
N n n 1 Ntl

he we we are

O l
L

v l J
o
L
Ut C
2
os
lo
U Ct
Combining NE f 9
2 he's
only
in the
range fu
2 does
not

326 f Cn Domain
wz ng my n e
 sis has
root to exist Aqua
Solh for square used a different
See
2 30 method
n n9tnY n I
the video
the
t I of Argus
n9Cn3 1 nai l
method with
me

43 1 Cretu 1120
n
8
11 117
11 n
n 1 cn2 n

t I 20
n l n ntl Cns 11
n tire
the
tire
es
U Ce
for NE C as 0

NE o
For workers of
n n l is al n Iz
min value of
I
a

l
Atn 1 Muti cut 11 n Cn
2

1 11 c z
tht Cj
4
7 257 x I
X z
4 256

179 9 I
2048
 OR 1799 20
I
2048

20 IN
So Ncn 1 Cn4ntl Cn8t1 11
L!son 13
Graphs

mute Linear eqn

line
Gn of
a straight y Degree of highest ist
powers of n
dy
mute
y
c
guiticept
the graph
m tano m slop of
To

i c I
I
I I n
y
n
y Z
Z

2
z
n
y
U
y U 3 3
N 3 3 y
y
y
2h
quinine
ye is more
slope
decrease
n scope
f

pe ip z y Y2
taxixeiD Has
slope
i l 7
I
is't
C ay
 Basic graphs
I
y 309
Int Int 0
n
y n n

Ennio

i
b l

y cot

2 Polynomials n
y
_n2
y
increase in is faster
q y
Xp than einmen is n

µ
2

P de F
3 Y decrease win
yarn ghan
4
y yn y yn
never
touches both
Graph
x at

Exponential functions
are
always
anI positive

ASI
5
Yeah
e

112

1
yeah 02

I
 eh 2.73
J
en
y
J

we have to plot whies

for an a
y individually by
calculating

at uh point

It
 n

nY

a
a
or 7

b
y logan

Defined for n o
 y slogan OLact

ate

Defined for n o

a
Mtd
rn
g for n 30

x
 power
is a fraction
13 my
n is tilted towards
Y graph
N arris

A I
ly
8 2
n
y
I N
272 3

Cuen function

fC n fcn2
arris
about
Symmetric y
y.mn

Odd Funches's fC n f Cn
about p's
on
Symmetric
 i k
7
Inltly Same set of hepatitis
for

Ii Int k
ly each of the
3 cases

k
iii in
lyi

1
i 1 12 Let k l Inl 1121
Inl
ly 0.5 1 o J INI L I
t
y t n ly l 1
o
ly't
I
o t
n
y 2T
xx
L
t
nty
u I
y my
I

n L
n t y
y D
it
i
i
i
i
i i
mit l
f D e il o
i
i
r e it
in Eli D
_I
Mtf
 k Same Set of 4 equations
Ii Ini
lyl
Ini l I
ly we

Inl 7121
nrobminets
I
my

n L
y
y I
n
ID
Inl
ly
di Cio

i
i
c Eli D
i
I
Nty
 set heenehins
iii Inl k same of
lyl
I
1yd Inl we

Inl
ly l
I dominates
I
1 my y
i
I
i
i
n L
n I i y
y ID

C D 40
e

Eli D
mi _I
it
il my
v
i

enclosed in the graph

0327 Find the area

8
1 IN 1121
10
Intyl 1 In 21
Sohn
i int 1121 8

8
Area enclosed

8lb CD

a 8

lo
Intyl tin yl N 5
t t 5
y
t 5
ii yn 5
a 15

10 10
Area enclosed
100
O
50 529

lo
9 5
CONCEPT Shortcut

i Inl 1121 k Area enclosed

ay
x kick

6 kg
2h2

140 ko

Q K

ii K
Inegi In yl
enclosed Kek
K Aree
0142

IK

Hzco 41229

ca un I
 intersection points in the
9328 Find the no
of
en g n 7m12
7m12
graph of y y y
n

Sohn en
y

n't 7m12
a en y
y
O 12
Nz O
Y I n
y
20
e u I y
n I
y
n 3 28
me 3
y
e
y
27 27

182
e'd n lo Y
to cozy
y the
would have cut
So the graph of geek 3 times
quad graph
L!son 14
Past I
Graphs

i fans fois
2
for fC n

3 f Cn If Cn
4 f Cn fam

fcm 1k
5 fcu
k
6 f Cn f Cns

7 f Cn f Cut k

fcn k
8 fans
 around
I f Cn fc a Mirror image of graph
X axis

f niceness
tire to we
my
y
J

CID
x

ol D

y Yan
I y toga n

I around nanis
Mirror lineage
x

logan
y
 around
fC n Mirra of graph
2 f Cn ungge
ans
y

N the to
we of evicenase

G y log C a
a

NY

Mirror Omega
around

3 I fend
y far y
 Chin
y Iligan 1 This is always greehi
O below n anis
Erase the part
the
the mirror emage of
4 take
in U ans
erased part

M
y
I log It

of

around names
4 Image
mirrn of my
 cos n
suis n g
Y y

him
g

it hi
4 f Cn to fam

y em

the to
Erase the part of graph
the ans a bike
the left of y
the remaining
moron eimge of
in Y anis
of
the graph
portion

i
 cos I'll
sin IN 4y
Y
 0,328 find the number
of
intersection points in fcn sink

4 gcn 413
HI 3 ti at n I 13
YI to YI

1257 13
44 31T 21T TI Ti tu 31 4 12.57
13

7 intersection
points of

3 to the from
3 to The night left symmetric
both sides
intersection at the origin
one point of
 the number
Is.mn find of
9329
y 4y nyo

intersection points

Sdn

i
i
i 31T I 10
IT LIT 31T
B 330 Draw the graph of 1 em 21
g 331 Plot the graph of 12 In 11 I
y
8332 2 4
Draw
Y I n i 1
Ian

2
I

n'try 25 y
n2 n'y
y
Ury y
t I 13
2mg
n'y
n
yr 2mg

Cny 15 3
city

Cny 15
3
mtg
1 3
my my Duty my
3
L x
I X 3
3 X I
3 X l
 I I
nay try
nty nytl
32l.my y ne
y
Z

12
Check MAIN quetion
O
3 Sdm
roots
2,40 for extraneous

3 same set solutions

Nt I of
y my

nty ny foe y dir

o
2
duty y my x x
il

or I
I 3
Rty try or 3
t
2
2
mtg
y nty No sohnois
o
but nzo y

So total of Coins
Qu!tions