UNIT # 1 ENGLISH (B) WORK

Noun
A noun is the name of a person, place, thing or an idea.
Example: Sarah took her camera to take photos.
Underline a noun or nouns in each sentence.
1. I love my mother.
2. My mother is a great cook.
3. I play football with my friends.
4. Strawberry is my favourite ice-cream.
5. I read a lot of books.

Common and Proper Nouns:

A common noun names any person, place, thing or idea.
Example: My uncle lives in city.
A proper noun names a particular person, place, thing or idea.
Proper nouns are capitalized, such as Pakistan, Sarah
Some proper nouns have more than one word, such as Minar- e- Pakisan.
Read the sentences below. Underline each common noun and circle each proper
noun.
1. My cousin Rauf will visit me in June.
2. My friend opened a big store in Lahore.
3. My father’s office is on Defence Road.
4. Dr. Imran is a doctor in Civil Hospital.
5. The next time I will be travelling to Turkey.

Singular and Plural nouns:

A singular noun names one person, place, thing or idea.
Example: boy, girl, book, pen, tree.
A plural noun names more than one person, place, thing or idea.
Example: boys, girls, books, pen, trees
How Plurals are Formed:
1. The Plural of nouns is generally formed by adding –s to the singular; as
boy, boys; girl, girls; book, books; pen, pens
2. But nouns ending in –s, -sh, ch, or –x form the plural by adding –es to the
singular ; as,
class, classes; glass, glasses; bush, bushes;
watch, watches; fox, foxes
3. Most Nouns ending in –o also form the plural by adding –es to the singular;
as,
buffalo, buffaloes; mango, mangoes; hero ,heroes;
volcano, volcanoes; potato, potatoes
4. A few nouns ending in –o merely add –s ; as,
solo, solos; photo, photos kilo, kilos
5. Nouns ending in –y, preceded by a consonant, form their plural by changing
–y into –I and adding –es ; as,
Baby, babies; lady, ladies; city, cities;
Army, armies; story, stories
6. A noun ending in a vowel followed by –y, formed their plural by adding –s;
as,
toy, toys; monkey, monkeys; valley, valleys
7. The nouns ending in –f or –fe form their plural by changing –f or –fe into v
adding –es ; as,
Thief, thieves ; wolf, wolves ; calf, calves ;
Life, lives knife, knives ; shelf, shelves
 8. Most nouns that end in –f or –ef, add –s to form the plural, as,
Roof, roofs ; cliff, cliffs ; chief, chiefs ;

Change the singular nouns to their plural forms.

singular plural singular Plural
car cars story Stories
star stars sketch Sketches
eagle eagles cherry Cherries
fox foxes tree Trees
dress dresses sky Skies
toy toys baby Babies

Countable and Uncountable nouns:

Countable nouns are things that we can count. For example ‘book’.
1. Countable nouns are the names of objects, people, etc. that we can count,
e.g., book, pen, apple, boy, brother, doctor, cat.
Uncountable nouns are the names of the things which we cannot count, e.g. milk,
oil, sugar, gold, honesty. They mainly denote substances and abstract nouns.