1. (a) Study Fig.

1, which shows information about the distribution of the world’s population in

1950, 2000 and 2050 (estimated).

(i) In which continent is there the greatest percentage of the world’s population? asia [1]
(ii) Name the continent where:
A. The percentage of the world’s population decreased from 21% in 1950 to 12% in the
year 2000 ... europe
B. The percentage of the world’s population increased by the year 2000 but iis likely to
decrease by 2050 ..... asia [2]
(iii) Explain why Africa’s percentage of the world’s population increased between 1950 and
2000 high birth rate, high infant mortality, increased life expectancy [3]
(iv) The population has grown so much in some countries that they are now overpopulated.
Describe four problems caused by operpopulation. ... poverty, poor access to health
care, poor access to education, lack of work [4]

(b) Study Fig. 2, information about population distribution in Uganda.

 Fig. 2

(i) Describe three features of the distribution of Uganda’s population... densely populated
near lake victoria, many close to capital city, the population distribution is uneven [3]
(ii) Explain how physical factors can influence population distribution ... people are more
likely to live on flatland rather than in high area such as mountain, people avoid areasw
with extreme climate conditions, dry dessert areas are avoided, people usually lives
near water resources, so it is easier access to water. [5]

(c) For a named country you have studied, describe and explain changes in the population
structure.

Name of country ... jakarta

1. Multiple constructions of urban underpasses and flyovers such as the Matraman underpass
and Kuningan underpass.

2. Shutting down railway level crossings in Tanjung Barat and Gaplok Market in Senen.
 3. The odd-even number plate policy that was introduced to a wider traffic area together with
an extended period of time.

4. Redesigns of major streets in downtown Jakarta such as Thamrin and Sudirman that saw
those streets widened without a special low-speed lane.

5. The introduction of the Jak Lingko interconnected transportation solution which also acts as
a means to prevent public transports from carelessly stopping to get passengers.

6. Opening new routes covered by the Transjakarta bus fleets and integrating them with other
urban transportations under the Jak Lingko program. The newly introduced MRT and LRT will
also be included in the city’s integrated transportation network.

7. Jakarta’s administration together with stakeholders such as BPTJ and the city’s Department
of Transportation together develop means of transports from residential areas to the
downtown urban areas. [7]

2. (a) Study Fig. 3, a map showing the main land uses and transport routes in Toronto, Canada
(an MEDC).

(i) Estimate the area of the CBD of Toronto.

1 km² 4 km² 7 km² 14 km² [1]
 (ii) Suggest reasons why there are many high rise buildings in the CBD of Toronto
There are insufficient space, high demand for land [2]
(iii) What evidence in Fig. 3 suggests that the location of the industrial zones in Toronto has
been influenced by transport? Proximity to motorways, built along railway lines which
run through the sea. [3]
(iv) Compare the pattern of urban land use in cities in LEDCs and MEDCs. [4]
Both of them are centrally located in CBD, higher cost of housing tends to be close to CBD in
LEDC, lower cost of housing tends to be close to CBD in MEDC, In LEDC there are much
housing closer to CBD than in MEDC which are more industry closer to CBD than housing.
(b) Study Fig. 4, which shows information about the percentage of the population using
different types of transport in cities in Canada and China.

Fig. 4
(i) Identify three differences between types of transport used in cities in Canada and
China ... more bicycle in china rather than in Canada, more public transport in china
than in Canada, there are more cars in Canada than in canada
[3]
(ii) Describe the problems caused by traffic congestion in urban areas.
Longer journeys, lateness for school or work, loss of productivity because of lateness,
noise pollution, increased risk in accidents. [5]
(c) For a named urban area, describe and explain the attempts which have been made to solve
traffic problems.
Name of urban area ... Cambridge science park
Location: Cambridge
Reasons:
- very accessible
- Land values are lower on the edge of an urban area and there is plenty open space for
expansion
- Easier to fin links with researcher department at Cambridge university.
- Attractive layout [7]

3. (a) Study Fig. 5, which shows tropical rainforest vegetation.

 Fig. 5
(i) The tropical rainforest has a hot, wet climate.
Tick the correct pair of figures in the table below to show the annual average
temperature and rainfall. [1]

Average annual Annual average √

temperature rainfall
15° C 250 mm
30° C 2500 mm v
60° C 750 mm

(ii) On Fig. 5, label the following layers:

 Canopy
 Emergents [2]
(iii) Describe the processes which lead to a high annual rainfall in the tropical rainforest
The sunlight from the sun produce heat, the heat produced evaporated the water from
the ground, the heat produced also evaporates the water from the plants, the water
evaporated go down through cooling process and condense become cumulonimbus
clouds.[3]
(iv) Explain whay the tropical rainforest has a wide variety of plants, insects and animals
High rainfall intensity, optimal temperature, creates a perfect condition for plants to
grow, as many plants grow, it provides a large supplies of food for the insects and other
oganisms. [4]

(b) Study Fig. 6, a map of a small area of rainforest in Brazil.

 Fig. 6

(i) Using Fig. 6, only, identify three ways in which the rainforest is being used to create
wealth for Brazil and employment for its people
the are of the forest may be used for cattle ranching [3]
(ii) Explain why the tropical rainforest is important globally [5]

(c) For a named tropical rainforest you have studied, describe the impact of deforestation on
the local natural environment

Name of tropical rainforest ... [7]

4. (a) Study Fig. 7, which shows information about the location of selected factories.
 Fig. 7

(i) Plot, using an X on Fig. 7, information about the location of cotton textile factories. Use
the data in the table below.

Percentage of cotton textile factories

Close to market Close to power Close to raw
material
30 50 20
(ii) What is meant by the raw materials and the market of a factory?
(iii) Using information from Fig. 7 only, compare the importance of the factors influencing
the locations of iron and steel works and bakeries. [3]
(iv) Explain how the cost of transport influences the location of different types of
industry .... [4]

(b) Study Fig. 8, which shows information about high technology exports from Israel

Fig. 8

(i) Using Fig. 8 only, describe the changing amount of high technology exports from Israel
between 1995 and 2004. You should use statistics to support your answer. [3]
(ii) Suggest how the growth of high technology industry may have benefitted the people
and economy of Israel. [5]

(c) Explain why high technology industry is located in a named area you have studied.

Name of area ... [7]