Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Public Finance
Public Finance
Public Finance
Public finance
.
3 Public Debt, which deals with the study of the
causes and methods of public loans as well as public debt
management.
Distribution of income
Macroeconomics stabilization
Fiscal Policy
Depression
deeper than recession
Expansionary Fiscal Policy
Public
Public
Expenditures
Expenditures
• Raises Aggregate Demand.
Transfer
Transfer Payments
Payments and
Expenditure
Expenditure on
on Goods and
Services
Services
Developmental
Developmental and
and
Non-Development
Non-Development
Expenditure
Expenditure
Developmental Expenditure Non-Development Expenditure
National
National Gov’t
Gov’t
Expenditures
Expenditures
http://data.gov.ph/infographics/budget
Taxation
Taxation
Taxation
• Taxation is the imposition of financial charges or other levies,
upon a taxpayer by a state such that failure to pay is punishable
by law.
• It is a mode by which government make exactions for revenue in
order to support their existence and carry out their legitimate
objectives (Tax Law and Jurisprudence by Justice Vitug,
2000).
• Taxes are the lifeblood of the government, without which, it
cannot subsist.
History
• Ancient Egypt
• Bible
• Rome
• England
History
Buwis is paid for protection given by the Datus, Only Cheiftains
are exempted. Non-payment is punishable.
The laws governing taxation in the Philippines are contained within the
National Internal Revenue Code. This code underwent substantial revision
with passage of the Tax Reform Act of 1997. This law took effect on January
1, 1998.
Estate Tax is a tax on the right of the deceased person to transmit his/her estate
to his/her lawful heirs and beneficiaries at the time of death and on certain
transfers which are made by law as equivalent to testamentary disposition.
Income Tax is a tax on all yearly profits arising from property, profession,
trades or offices or as a tax on a person’s income, emoluments, profits and the
like.
Percentage Tax is a tax imposed on persons or entities who sell or lease goods,
properties or services in the course of trade or business whose gross annual
sales or receipts do not exceed P550,000 and are not VAT-registered.
Value-Added Tax is a business tax imposed and collected from the seller in the
course of trade or business on every sale of properties (real or personal) lease of
goods or properties (real or personal) or vendors of services. It is an indirect tax,
thus, it can be passed on to the buyer.
Withholding Tax Income tax withheld from employees' wages and paid directly
to the government by the employer. A tax levied on income (interest and dividends)
from securitie.
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