EMPOWERMENT TECHNOLOGIES
Module 7: Imaging and Layout
Design
❖ Infographic
- The term “infographic” is a short
term for information graphic,
which refers to an image that
combines information,
storytelling, and perceptions that
help the cause of an individual or
an institution to communicate a
message to the viewers.
- Images are very effective in
communicating messages
because they are easily
understood.
- Using infographics brings about
numerous advantages.
- People rely mostly on their sense
of sight.
❖ Visual Design
- Presentation of graphics and
images in application content
can also determine the
effectiveness of the information.
Basic Principles of Graphics and Layout
❖ Lines
- Most basic element.
- Lines define the characteristics of
an infographic.
- Lines can form shapes
- Lines can be sharp, be made up
of broken lines and fine thick lines
- A group of lines can create
patterns.
❖ Colors
- One of the powerful and
influential elements in an
infographic.
- Combining colors and having a
good command on color
mixtures and combinations can
catch the attention of the
viewers.
❖ Shapes
- These are defined by the
enclosure created by a
combination of multiple lines.
- Shapes express different
psychological influences on the
audience especially when
combined with different colors.
Principles of Design
Design principles are ideas that describe
the natural or normal optical logic of
humans. The more arranged and
organized an image is, the more we
perceive it as interesting.
❖ Balance
- This describes the placement of
elements, shapes, or lines
throughout the image.
Unconsciously, humans are
always looking for balance.
❖ Formal Balance - when objects
are placed symmetrically and
are properly distributed.
❖ Informal Balance - includes a
nonsymmetrical distribution of
elements but is compensated in
different aspects such as colors
and lines.
 FORMAL BALANCE
INFORMAL BALANCE
❖ Contrast
- The arrangement of elements in
an image may be done by
combining elements with
different properties and
characteristics.
❖ Unity
- It is when all of the elements
seem to be a singular element in
unison. This makes the design
pleasing to the viewers.
❖ Proportion
- This is the correlation of all the
elements with one another. The
practice of having proportion
among the elements ensures
balance and unity.

❖ Rhythm
- This describes the product of
having the elements placed in
harmony with one another.
Rhythm can be done by using
patterns and by repeating
various elements.
Image File Formats
The Different Extensions & When to Use
Them
❑ JPEG (or JPG) - Joint Photographic
Experts Group
❑ PNG – Portable Network Graphics
❑ GIF – Graphics Interchange Format
❑ TIF – Tagged Image File
❑ PDF – Portable Document Format
❖ JPEGs are known for their “lossy”
compression, meaning that the
quality of the image decreases as
the file size decreases.
❖ PNGs are used in most web projects
to save your image with more colors
on a transparent background.
❖ GIFs are formed from up to 256
colors in the RGB color space. Due
to the limited number of colors, the
file size is drastically reduced.
❖ A TIF is a large raster file that doesn’t
lose quality; it is usually used when
saving photographs for print.
❖ PDFs were invented by Adobe with
the goal of capturing and reviewing
rich information from any application
or on any computer.