EXAMEN INVERTEBRADOS

1. Choose the true statement(s) in each case.​ ​There may be more than one.
a) The Animal Kingdom
1. The Animal Kingdom is made up of multicellular individuals.
2. All animals are heterotrophs, eukaryotes and have distinct organs.
3. The Animal Kingdom is divided into two large groups: vertebrates and invertebrates.

b) Invertebrates
1. All invertebrates move from one place to another.
2. Invertebrates are divided into various types (poriferans, cnidarians, molluscs, annelids,
arthropods and echinoderms).
3. All invertebrates have no skeleton.

c) Poriferans
1. They have bodies full of holes.
2. They have bilateral symmetry.
3. They have a highly developed digestive system.

d) Cnidarians
1. They include sea anemones, actinians, sea cucumbers, corals, jellyfish, hydra and polyps.
2. They have special stinging cells called cnidocytes.
3. They have a rasping tongue with very small teeth called radula.
4. There are two forms: the motile medusa and sessile polyp.

e) Molluscs
1. They all have a special organ called a radula.
2. Bivalves are carnivores.
3. Molluscs’ muscular foot secretes the shell.
4. All molluscs have a shell (except slugs and octopuses), foot and mantle.

f) Annelids
1. Their body is divided into metameres and they breathe through their skin.
2. Leeches, earthworms and caterpillars belong to this group.
3. Earthworms can reproduce sexually and asexually.

g) Arthropods
1. Their bodies are divided into segments and they have jointed legs.
2. Because they have an endoskeleton, they have to shed their skin to grow.
3. Arthropoda is the largest group of animals on the planet. It is estimated that there are
approximately one billion insects for every human being.
4. Myriapods are the main group of insects.

h) Echinoderms
1. Sea urchins and starfish have spikes.
2. The ambulacral system is used in respiration, circulation, excretion and locomotion.
 3. Starfish can regenerate parts of their body that they have lost.

2. Animals are traditionally divided into two large groups:

a) Invertebrates and vertebrates. c) Autotrophs and heterotrophs.
b) Prokaryotes and eukaryotes. d) Solids and liquids.

3. Invertebrates:
a) Are autotrophs.
b) Have no backbone, but they sometimes have a non-bony, usually external skeleton.
c) Can move from one place to another.
d) Have a backbone.

4. Sponges are:
a) Terrestrial animals.
b) The least primitive animals in the world.
c) Sessile aquatic organisms.
d) Cnidarians.

5. Cnidarians are invertebrates that have two basic forms:

a) A free-floating medusa and a sessile polyp attached to the substrate.
b) A larva that cannot reproduce and an adult that can reproduce.
c) Aquatic and terrestrial.
d) Open and closed.

6. Earthworms are:
a) Arachnid arthropods. c) Cnidarians.
b) Oligochaetes annelids. d) Gastropod molluscs.

7. Snails, clams and octopuses are all:

a) Singled-celled organisms. c) Arthropods.
b) Molluscs. d) Crustaceans.

8. Starfish are:
a) Echinoderms. c) Arthropods.
b) Earthworms. d) Holothurians.

9. Arthropods:
a) Have a spinal column. c) Are autotrophs.
b) Have six legs. d) Have jointed or articulated appendages.

10. The bodies of insects:

a) Have two parts: cephalothorax and abdomen. c) Have radial symmetry.
b) Have three parts: head, thorax and abdomen. d) Have simple eyes.

11. Prawns and crabs:

a) Are crustaceans. c) Do not have bodies divided into segments.
b) Are molluscs. d) Are myriapods.

Rosalia alpina e​ specie endémica que se encuentra en ​Los Picos de Europa