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Home » Faculty of Law , Faculty of Law NEB (Grade 11 and 12) , Law Syllabus , Syllabus » Syllabus, Faculty of Law
NEB (Grade 11 and 12)

Syllabus, Faculty of Law NEB (Grade 11

and 12)
   notesofnepal.blogspot.com        Wednesday, November 20, 2019

Structure of Law Curriculum in Secondary 

level (Grade 11 and 12)

Grade Grade XI Grade XII

SN Subject FM Subject FM
1. Comp. English 100 English 100
2. Comp. Nepali 100 Legal Drafting 100
3. General Principles and 100 Procedural Law 100
Theories of Law
4 Nepalese Legal System 100 Civil law and 100
Justice and
Criminal Law
and Justice
5. Constitutional Law and 100 Human Rights 100
Nepalese Constitution#
Grand Total 500 Grand Total 500

##Other subjects can be taken alternatively for these subjects from the list of optional subjects
given in the curriculum of grade 11-12.

Draft curriculum of
 1.      General Principles and Theories of Law
Grade XI
                                                                                   
    Full Marks: 100
                                                                                                                     Pass Marks: 35
                                                                                                                Teaching Hours:180
Introduction
The systems of law and justice in all countries do constitute collectively a core foundation of the
governance of their societies. The contribution of the systems of law and justice in fostering law
and order and the process of democratization, including rule of law and good governance, is
explicably indispensable. A democratically functional system of law is vital for attaining
trustworthy civic responsibility of general population as well as it is a tool of smoother transition
of society towards better situation.
Furthermore, a functional system of law is a condition precedent for the economic development
and social transformation of the given society. The study of law and justice is thus vital for all
purposes, and as such the discipline of law constitutes a cross-cutting subject which encompasses
every aspects of individual human and social life.
The history of formal legal education, in Nepal, is comparatively shorter, and the history of
recognition of jurisprudence, as a vital component of the study of law, is too short. In this
context, the opening up of opportunities for aspiring students to study law at secondary level
(11–12) is not only important form the point of view of academic  pursuit but also vital in  view
of generating a mass of efficient and effective  lower-level human resources to be consumed by
the institutions of law and justice. This is so also due to need of fostering rule of law and good
governance in the context of new democratic constitution. In consideration of these multiple
significances, the stream of the education of law and justice at the higher secondary level is
considered to be a milestone for fostering rule of law as well as required lower-level human
resource.
The subject General Principles and Theories of Law, in particular, is considered indispensable to
acquaint students of some vital principles and theories of law and justice. The principles and
theories of law collectively represent 'the science of law', which is precisely defined as
jurisprudence. Understanding of jurisprudence is vital for several reasons, the enhancement of
the capacity of students towards realistic interpretation of the provisions of law being the
cardinal one. As a matter of fact, this course, which embodies cardinal principles, theories and
schools of thoughts, is introduced primarily with a view to impart to students with foundational 
knowledge of some cardinal principles, theories and schools of legal thoughts.
Competencies
The competencies of the course are as follows:
1. To befamiliar of 'general principles and theories of law and various legal thoughts
which collectively constitute the 'fundamental science of law' or jurisprudence.
2. To demonstrate understanding of the importance, definition, and types of law as
well as several school of thoughts which are in use in the field of the study of law and
justice.
3. To enhance understanding of the legal system of Nepal.
Learning Outcomes:
 This course is expected to specifically address the following objectives:
1.      To explain and be familiar with the definition of jurisprudence, law, right, duty personality,
property, liability and build understanding about the types of law and various schools of thoughts
on law.
2.      To be familiar with general principles and theories of law making procedure in Nepal.
3.      To distinguish between fundamental and legal rights and duties.

Detailed Course Structure and Components:

Unit Topics Sub-topics Credit   (%)

1.        Definition and       General Meaning and Definition of Law, History of 17
Importance of law
Law       Specific Definitions of Law by Various Jurists such
as John Austin, Salmond, Holland, Karl Von
Savingny, Roscoe Pound, Narada and Chanakya.
      Legal Terminologies:Court, Ain, Niyamawali,
Adhaydesh, Advocate, Senior Advocate, Judge,
Tribunal, Quasi Judicial Body, Judicial Council,
Shrestedar, Ijalas, Pesi, Bahas, Anusandhan,
Abhiyojan, Faisala, Firadpatra, Pratiuttarpatra, Sakshi,
Waresh etc.

2.        Types of Law       Substantive and Procedural Law 9

      Criminal and Civil Law
      National  and International Law.
      Public International Law and Private International
Law
      Some other types:Commercial or business Law,
Family Law, Contract Law, Law of Torts,
Environmental Law, constitutional law etc.
3.        Introduction to         Sources of Law: legislation, custom, precedent 15
sources of law         General introduction to jurisprudence
and Various       Introduction to Basic Characters of Analytical School
school  of of Law: John Austin and Jeremy Bentham
Thoughts       Introduction to Basic Characters of Historical School
of Law: Karl Von Savigny and Henry Main
      Introduction to Basic Characters of Sociological
School of Law, including Socialist School of Law:
Ihering, Roscoe Found and Karl Marx
      Introduction to Basic Characters of Realist School of
Law:  Holmes and Frank.
4.        Concept of       Definition of Right  and duties 9
Rights and       Elements of Right and duties
Duties       Relation between Right and Duties
      Types of Rights: Perfect and Imperfect Rights,
 Absolute and Contingent Rights, Fundamental and
Legal Rights, Rights in rem and Rights in personam,
General Rights and Human Rights.
      Types of duties: Moral, Civic and Legal.
5.        Concept of       Meaning and Definition of Property 9
Property       Types of Property: Movable and Immovable
Property, Tangible and Intangible Property such as
intellectual property rights.
6.        Concept of       Meaning and Definition of Possession and Ownership 7
Possession and       Elements of Possession and Ownership
Ownership       Difference between Possession and ownership
      Difference between Prescription and Possession
      Difference between Confiscation and Possession.
7.        Concept of       Meaning and Definition of Person and Personality 12
Personality        Types of Persons
      Personality of Unborn Child
      Personality of Animals
       Personality of Dead Persons
8.        Concept of       Meaning and Definition of Liability 6
Liability       Types of Liability
      Distinction between Liability and Obligation
9.        Morality and       Definition of Morality 6
law        Differences between Law and Morality
10.     Concept of       Meaning and Definition of Justice 10
Justice       Administration of Justice
      Recognized  Principles of Justice
Total 100
Instruction Methods
This course is to be taught by a competent teacher with Master Degree in Laws (LL.M). The
assigned teacher must follow the following methods of instructions:
1.      Necessarily provide students with handouts in advance in the form of fairly adequate
explanation of the course contents, particularly in the fundamental legal terminologies described
in the Unit 1 (one). The assigned teacher must introduce appropriate terminologies, in addition to
those incorporated in the Unit One. The meaning of the terminologies must be explained
conceptually, thus giving examples and illustration is mandatory. 
2.      The assigned teacher must provide an explanatory lecture on the given course component, and
must encourage students to discuss and ask questions. The explanatory lecture must combine the
Socratic dialogue method.
3.      The assigned teacher must specifically identify the particular reference material for reading and
for the detailed knowledge on particular course component.
4.      Using case laws, statutes, and reference books must be mandatory.
5.      The teacher must require students to 'engage on project works' on relevant chapter. For instance,
the assigned teacher can require students to reflect on 'situation of application of particular
provision of law in practice'.
 6.      The group works, discussion and problem solving methods are advised as best methods for the
study of the components.
7.      Legal practices should be done either in the court or the law campuses.
8.     Marking scheme
SN Questions type   Total Required  Mark per total time
Number of number of question marks (minute)
questions to answer to be
be asked attempted
1 Very Short answer 17 15 2 30 54
questions
2 short answer 10 8 5 40 72
question
3 Long answer 4 3 10 30 54
question
Total 31 26 100 180
At least one Question will be asked from each unit.
Reference Materials
1.             P. J. Fitzgerald (Latest Edition), Salmond on Jurisprudence, Sweet and Maxwell, London.
2.            /hLteStk|wfgfË / lszf]/ l;njfn, ljlw zf:qsf] ;fdfGo ?k/]vf, /Tgk':ts e08f/, sf7df08f}F
3.            o'j/fh ;+uf}|nf, sfg'gzf:qtyfsfg'gsf l;b\wfGt, sf7df08f}F :s"nckm n, @)^^, eStk'/
4.             YubarajSangroula,Jurisprudence: The Philosophy of Law, The Loquitur Publishing Company,
2013, New Delhi
5.            zÍ/ s'df/ >]i7, Gofotyfsfg'g s73/fdf,  k}/jLk|sfzg, @)^@, sf7df08f}F
6.             Surya Prasad Dhungel, Puskar M. Bajracharya, Bhuban B. Bajarcharya, The Legal System of
Nepal, Laws Legal Analysis Wings of Scholars,1985, Delhi
7.             NomitaAggrawal, Jurisprudence, Central Law Publication , 2008, Allahabad
8.             Tony Honore, About Law: An Introduction , Oxford University Press, 1995, New York
9.            uf}/Laxfb'/ sfsL{, g]kfnsf] jt{dfg ;+ljwfgljrf/ / JofVof, k}/jLk|sfzg, @)%%,
k'tnL;8s,
10.       o'j/fh ;+uf|}nf ;d]t  -;Dkfbs_, ;+ljwfg ;efk|lqmof, kb\wlt / ljifox?,sfg'gcGj]if0f tyf ;|
f]tljsf; s]Gb -;]n8{_, @)^$, sf7df08f}F
11.         Bibek Kumar Paudel, An Outline of Law, MM Publication, 2015, Kathmandu.
12.       s[i0f a]naf;],ljlwzf:qsf] kl/ro , Pd\Pd\klAns]zg, sf7df08f}F
                                                               

2.Nepalese Legal System

Full Marks: 100
Pass Marks: 35                                                                        Teaching Hours:150
Introduction:
Legal system of a country represents its history. Legal system reflects not only social
behavior it also reflects the political and cultural trends of any nation. Legal system consists of
law making and the law implementing process both. Legal system represents the history and
 civilization of a particular country.  It incorporates the ideas of legal and political philosopher
those are expressed for the betterment of the society and the nation as well. A legal system can’t
remain static. It is dynamic. It changes with the mind and will of the people. So, legal system has
been instrumental for social change. Legal system is supposed to reflect the will of the people.
Nepalese legal system has been changed with the ups and downs of Nepalese society. In
particular political change has brought massive changes into law and legal system. Every legal
system aims at establishing the egalitarian society. To this context it attempts to maintain the
balance between social, political and economic policies of the states. Legal system works as a
means and endeavors to achieve the justice as an end in the society.
Law students at higher secondary level should have the knowledge about the legal
system, Nepalese legal history, court system, justice dispensationprocedures, role and functions
of the lawyer in the society and legal education. This course particularly aims at imparting
knowledge to the students about the Nepalese legal history, legal system and legal education as
well. Along with this, students will have general knowledge about the development of the legal
system and how other legal systems of the world influence each other.
Competency
After studying the courses the students will be able to;
         know about the meaning functions and importance of the legal system,

         know about the legal system existing in the world in brief,

         know about the development of Nepalese legal system,

         know about the influence of Hindu law as the source of the Nepalese legal system,

         know about the judicial institutions and their functions, and

         know about the legal profession in Nepal

Detailed Course Structure and Components:

Uni Topics Sub-topics Credit   (%)

t
1.        Introduction                  Meaning and definition of legal system 10

         Importance of legal system

         Characteristics of legal system

2.        General introduction          Common law system 15

to major legal
systems           Civil law system

         Socialist law system

         Religious law system

3.        Hindu Law          Hindu Concept of Law 15

         Meaning and Nature of Hindu Jurisprudence

         Evolution of Hindu Jurisprudence

         Sources of Hindu Law

         The schools of Hindu law

         Concept of justice

         Concept of property

4.        Nepalese legal system         Introduction and basis of Nepalese legal system 20

         Modernization of Nepalese legal system

         Characteristics of Nepalese legal system

         Sources of Modern Nepalese Law

         Court Structure – Judicial and Quasi judicial

bodies

         Judicial activism

         Judicial Review

         Alternative Dispute Resolution- Arbitration and

Mediation

5.        Development of          Legal system of Nepal before Codification 10

Nepalese legal system 
  Laws of Kirat 
  Laws of Lichhavi 
  Laws of Malla Period and Ram Shah

         Legal system of Nepal after Codification 

  Muluki Ain 1910 B.S and beyond
  Naya Muluki Ain 2020 and beyond
  Era of Specific Statutes (2007 BS and Beyond)

         Constitutional History of Nepal 

6.        Influence of other          Influence of religious (Hindu) legal system 10

Legal System on
 Nepalese legal          Influence of common law system
system  
         Influence of civil law system

         Influence of socialist legal system

7.        Legal Education and          History of Legal Education 20

Legal Profession in
Nepal          Historical of legal profession

         Categories of lawyers

         Lawyers as social engineers

         Code of conduct of lawyers

         Punishment for the violation of code of conduct

Total 100

Instruction Methods
This course is to be taught by a competent teacher with Master Degree in Laws (LL.M). The
assigned teacher must follow the following methods of instructions:
         Necessarily provide students with handouts in advance in the form of fairly adequate explanation of the
course contents, particularly in the legal terminologies described in the course.

         The assigned teacher must provide an explanatory lecture on the given coursecomponent, and must
encourage students to discuss and ask questions. The explanatory lecture must combine the Socratic
dialogue method.

         The assigned teacher must specifically identify the particular reference material for reading and for the
detailed knowledge on particular course component.

         Using case laws, statutes, and reference books must be mandatory.

         The teacher must require students to 'engage on project works' on relevant chapter. For instance, the
assigned teacher can require students to reflect on research and observation of the manuscript, historical
facts, museum and archaeology.

         The group works, and discussion are advised as best methods for the study of the components.

Prescribed Materials 

1.            Khanal, R.R., Nepalko Kanooni Itihasko Rooprekha, Kathmandu: Mrs. Saraswoti Khanal,

2059
2.            Osti, Prakash (editor), Kanoonsambandhi Kehi Etihasik Abhilekhharu, Kathmandu:
Lawyer's Club, 2063
3.            Osti, Prakash, Hamro Kanooni Itihaska Kehi Jhankiharu, Kathmandu: Pairavi Book 
House, 2063
4.            Pant, Prof. Dinesh Raj, Nyayabikashini (Manavnyayasastra, A Law enacted by King
Jayasthiti Malla in Nepal Era 500 (AD 1380) Co-publication of Kanoon Bi-monthly  Law
Journal, Kathmandu: Lawyer’s Club, 2065
5.            Paudel, Bibek Kumar, An Outline of Law,Third Edition, Kathmandu: MM Publication, 2015
6.            Shrestha, G.B, Hindu Jurisprudence and Nepalese Legal System, Kathmandu: Pairavi
Prakashan
7.            Mahesh Chandra Regmi Nepal Ko Baidhanik Parampara

 3.Constitutional Law and Nepalese ConstitutionGrade

XI
                                                                                   
Full Marks: 100
                                                                                                                     Pass Marks: 35
                                                                                                               Teaching Hours:180
Introduction
Nepal has a history of constitutional law over 75 years, beginning from the 1948 (AD). With
changes in the political environment and political systems in different times, Nepal has pursued a
practice of adopting a new constitution successively. Among constitutions adopted in different
time, the Constitution of Nepal occupies a special place for its being promulgated in 2072 by the
popularly elected Constituent Assembly. The Constitution of any country is a fundamental law of
the given society. This course is thus introduced to 'intensively introduce the students with the
fundamental features of the Constitutional Law, the Constitutional Law of Nepal in particular,
and the constitutional development in Nepal'.
Competencies
The Competencies of the course are as follows:
1. To be familiar with general principles and theories about State, Government, fundamental rights,
federalism, self-governance, constitutional bodies, and constitution making procedures.
2. To describe the general perspectives of the importance and function of the government in
accordance with the Constitution of Nepal
Learning Outcomes:
This course is expected to address the following Learning Outcomes:
1.      To explain and be aware with the concept anddefinition of constitution, types of constitution,
fundamental rights and directive principles with special emphasis on the provisions enshrined
into the Constitution of Nepal
2.      To describe the constitution makingand amendment procedures prescribed by the Constitution of
Nepal.
3.      To describe the federal state, decentralization and separation of power and self-governance.
4.      To explain about the federal structure and local government system in Nepal.
5.      To describe the constitutional bodies and security system of Nepal.
Detailed Course Structure and Components:

Uni Topics Sub-topics Credit   (%)

 t
8.        Concept and Definition         General Definition of Constitution 12
of Constitution          History of constitutional development.
         Importance and elements of Constitution
         Concept of Constitutionalism and Limited
Government
         constitutional development in Nepal
9.        Constitution Making          Constitution making by commission 10
Process          Constitution making by experts
         constitution making by Constituent Assembly
         Constitution making by Referendum
         Other Processes
10.    Kinds of constitution          Written and Unwritten Constitution 7
         Federal and Unitary Constitution
         Rigid and Flexible Constitution
         Evolutionary and Enacted Constitution
11.    Fundamental Rights,          Concept and definition of Fundamental Rights 10
Duties and Directive          Different types of fundamental rights
Principles and Policies guaranteed by constitution of Nepal
of state          Fundamental Duties of   Citizens
         Emergency and Derogation of Fundamental
Rights.
12.    State          Unitary and Federal structure of state and its 7
merit and demerit.
         Organs of state:  Legislative, executive and
judicial organs
         Doctrine of separation of power and check and
balance
13.    Structure of Federal          President and Vice president of Nepal: 19
Government under Election, tenure, functions, powers and duties
Constitution of Nepal.         Federal Council of Ministers: Composition and
Election and Appointment of Prime Minister
and Ministers.
         Accountability of Prime Minister and Ministers
         Function of the Council of Ministers.
         Condition of vacancy of Prime Minister
         Federal Legislative Body: Composition and
election of the House of Representative and
Upper House.
         Direct Election and Proportional Elections.
         Concept of representation by groups.
         Functions, powers and duties of Federal
Parliament- enactment of acts, ratification of
treaties, approval of the appointments and
 adoption of annual budget.
         Dissolution of Federal Parliament and Mid-
term Elections
         Judicial Organs: Hierarchy and, jurisdiction
(Functions, powers and duties) of the Court
         Tribunals and quasi-judicial bodies
         Appointments of judges and axillaries
         Removal or impeachment of judges of the
Supreme Court, High Court, District court and
other judicial bodies
14.    Structure of Provincial         Structure and composition of the Provincial 12
Government under Government: Provincial Council of Ministers
Constitution of Nepal and Legislative Assembly.
         Functions, powers and duties of provincial
government
         Enactment of Acts and adoption of annual
budget.
         Election provincial Assembly and formation of
government.
15.    Structure of Local Self         Composition, election, function, powers and 6
–Governance system responsibilities of the Local Government.
under constitution of
Nepal 
16.    Power Distribution          Power Distribution between Federal, 6
Structure of State Provincial and Local Government- power list,
federal power list, provincial power list,
concurrent power list, local government power
list and residual power.
17.    Security Agencies of          Composition, power, functions and 6
Nepal under responsibilities of Nepal Army, Nepal police,
Constitution of Nepal Armed Police Force and National Investigation
Department.
18.  C Commissions and          General Introduction to Constitutional Bodies 5
Constitutional Bodies such as Commission on Investigation of Abuse
of Authority , Auditor General, Election
Commission, Public Service Commission, 
Attorney General  and other Constitutional
bodies/Commissions
Total 100

Instruction Methods
This course is to be taught by a competent teacher with Master Degree in Laws (LL.M) with
specialization preferably in Constitutional Law. The teacher must follow the following methods
of instructions:
1.      The assigned teacher must provide students with handouts  in the form of fairly adequate
explanation of the each course content.
2.      The assigned teacher must provide an explanatory lecture on each of the course content and
encourage students to discuss and ask questions. The Socratic dialogue method is considered
most appropriate for this course. The teacher must attempt to obtain general perception of the
students about the course content before the lecture starts, and to give detail explanation on the
given content so as to remove their looming confusions.
3.      The assigned teacher must specifically identify the particular reference book for detailed
knowledge on the particular course component.
4.      The assigned teacher must use the 'Constitution of Nepal, as an everyday reference material.
5.      Using case laws, statutes, and suggested reference books must be mandatory.
6.      The teacher must require students to 'engage on project works' on relevant chapter.
9.      The group works, discussion and problem solving methods would be particularly important for
this course.
10.                        Marking scheme
SN Questions type  Total Number Required  Mark per total time (minute)
of questions to number of question marks
be asked answer to
be
attempted
1 Very Short answer 17 15 2 30 54
questions
2 short answer 10 8 5 40 72
question
3 Long answer 4 3 10 30 54
question
Total 31 26 100 180
At least one Question will be asked from each unit.

Reference Materials:
1.        Constitution of Nepal
2.        BuddhiKarki and RohanEdrishina (eds.), Participatory Constitution Making in Nepal,UNDP,
2014 (AD), Kathmandu
3.        BuddhiKarki and RohanEdrishina (ed.),The Federalism: Debate in Nepal, UNDP, 2014 (AD),
Kathmandu
4.        Kashi Raj Dahal, Sambidhan, (1st ed.)Kashi Raj Dahal, Kathmandu
5.        Secretariat of the Constituent Assembly, SinghaDurabar, SambidhanshavaDarpan, Kathmandu.
6.       o'j/fh ;+uf|}nf,  g]kfnsf /fhlglts ;d:of M ljZn]if0 / ?kfGt/0fsf k|lqmofx? -;Gbe{ M ;
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sf7df8f}+
8.       sgs la        qmd yfkf ;d]t, g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg, lk|m8Ln, sf7df08f}F
9.       o'j/fh ;+uf|}nf ;d]t  -;Dkfbs_, ;+ljwfg ;efk|lqmof, kb\wlt / ljifox?,sfg'gcGj]if0f tyf ;|
f]tljsf; s]Gb -;]n8{_, @)^$, sf7df08f}F
10.    BhimarjunAcharya, Making Constitution Through Constituent Assembly, PairaviPrakashan ,
2006, Kathmandu.
11.  sdn/fhyfkf -;Dkfbs_, zf;g, ;+ljwfg / ;d;flos ;jfn ,  lnun l/;r{ P08 P8\ef]s];L kmf]/d\
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13.  lagf]b a:ofn, ;+j}wflgssfg'g,  n'lDagLk|sfzg, @)&#, sf7df08f}F

4. Legal Drafting
Level: XII
                                                                                    Full Marks: 100
                                 Pass Marks: 35
                                                                        Teaching Hours:180
Introduction
Drafting is a professional tool and is essential for professional legal communication. The legal
drafting comprises of specific skills, art and knowledge of law and its application in practice.
Without required competence of drafting legal documents, no one can be a competent law
practitioner.This course is therefore introduced to prepare students with basic and fundamental
skills and art of drafting of legal documents. The course contains 50 marks as practical activities.
Competencies
The Competencies of the course are as follows:
1.      To demonstrate understanding of core legal documents to be used by courts and various other
institutions, including the local government body.
2.      To prepare some basic and core legal documents in general use in the society in legal
proceedings and transactions.
Learning Outcomes
This course is specifically expected to address the following objectives:
1.      To obtainbasic skills and art of drafting of documents related to court proceedings, crime
investigation, and prosecution.
2.      To be familiar with basic skills and art of drafting of documents related to different types of
mortgage, deed of will, loan deed, property partition deed, and other deeds related to private
transactions between individuals.
3.      To prepare draftsof various types of no-objection or recommendation documents essential for
the local government.
4.      To prepare various types of court documents and other legal documents and muchulka.
Detailed Course Structure and Components for the theoretical part:

Unit Topics Sub-topics Marks

1.        General Introduction          Introduction to legal Drafting. 4
to Legal Drafting          Basic principles on techniques of legal
drafting

2.        Drafting of Court          Drafting of deed of complaint ( phiradpatra) 17

Documents and Response Document (pratiuttarpatra)
         First Information Report (Jhaheridarkhasta)
          Charge Sheet (abhiyogpatra)
         ThunchhekAadesh
         Thunuwapurji
         Power of Attorney (warisnama)
         General Power of Attorney
(adhikritwarisnama)
         Letter of Consent ( manjurinama)
         Milapatrakonivedan
         17 no nivedan
         KaiphiyatPrativedan
         Wakalatnama
         Bahasnote
         Judgment and
Appeal  (PhaisalaraPunaravedanpatra)
         JhagadiyaJhikaunu Aadesh
         PhaisalaKaryanwayankonivedan
         Writ petitions and likhitjawaph
3.        Drafting of Private          Sale deed (rajinamalikhaat) 7
Transaction          Mortgage deed (bhogbandhakilikhaat)
Documents          Sight of assets
mortage(dristibandhakilikhaat)
         Deed of bail (jamanatlikhaat)
         Deed of will (bakaspatralikhaat)
         Loan deed (kapalitamasuk )
         Partition deed ( aungsabanda)
4.        Drafting of          Contract paper (karannama) 7
Commercial          Advance Payment deed (bainabatta)
Transaction          Exchange deed (sattapattalikhaat)
Documents
5.        Drafting of Document         No-objection or recommendation letters 11
in general use. (shipharispattra)
  shipharispattra for citizenship certificate from
municipality or Grampalika
  shipharispattra for sale of property from
municipality or Gaunpalika
  shipharispattra for connection of electricity,
telephone, and water supply
  shipharispattra for certification of resident for
passport, survey of the land , and similar
other services
  shipharispattra for conjugal, birth certificate,
matrimonial and offspring relation.
6.        Drafting other          Muchulka, Tarekhpercha, TarekhBharpai, 4
documents Bharpai, summons,  itlayanama,
 warrants, tok/tippaniaadesh, darpith, etc.
Total 50
Detailed Course Structure and Components for the practical part:

Unit Topics Sub-topics Credit   (%)

2 Drafting of Court          Drafting of deed of complaint 20
Documents ( phiradpatra) and Response Document
(pratiuttarpatra)
         First Information Report
(Jhaheridarkhasta)
         Charge Sheet (abhiyogpatra)
         ThunchhekAadesh
         Thunuwapurji
         Power of Attorney (warisnama)
         General Power of Attorney
(adhikritwarisnama)
         Letter of Consent ( manjurinama)
         Milapatrakonivedan
         17 no nivedan
         KaiphiyatPrativedan
         Wakalatnama
         Bahasnote
         Judgment and
Appeal (PhaisalaraPunaravedanpatra)
         JhagadiyaJhikauneAadesh
         PhaisalaKaryanwayankonivedan
         Writ petitions and likhitjawaph
3 Drafting of Private          Sale deed (rajinamalikhaat) 10
Transaction          Mortage deed (bhogbandhakilikhaat)
Documents          Sight of assets
mortgage(dristibandhakilikhaat)
         Deed of bail (jamanatlikhaat)
         Deed of will (bakaspatralikhaat)
         Loan deed (kapalitamasuk )
         Partition deed ( aungsabanda)
4 Drafting of          Contract paper (karannama) 5
Commercial          Advance Payment deed (bainabatta)
Transaction          Exchange deed (sattapattalikhaat)
Documents
5 Drafting of          No-objection or recommendation letters 10
Document in (shiparispattra)
general use.   shipharispattra for citizenship certificate
from municipality or Grampalika
  shipharispattra for sale of property from
 municipality or Gaunpalika
  shipharispattra for connection of electricity,
telephone, and water supply
  shipharispattra for certification of resident
for passport, survey of the land , and similar
other services
  shipharispattra for conjugal, matrimonial and
offspring relation.
6 Drafting other          Muchulka, Tarekhpercha, TarekhBharpai, 5
documents Bharpai, summons,  itlayanama,
warrants, tok/tippaniaadesh, darpith, etc.
total 50
Instruction Methods:
This course must be taught by a practicing lawyer, preferably by the one with Master Degree in
Laws. The assigned teacher must explain the importance of the documents and their legal
features, the concerned laws about the document, and make students practically work on the
documents. The following process would be a better guide to follow:
1. Make students to prepare a preliminary draft of the document. The assigned
teacher must individually observe the document and suggest for the improvement. To
ensure that the student is innovative in writing, the first draft must be signed as final
document by the teacher.
2. In the second stage, the student must be required to develop the same document in
the Nepali paper, and the teacher must ensure that he/she has done in accordance with
what is finalized before.
3.     Marking scheme
SN Questions type  Total Number Required number  Mark total time
of questions to of answer to be per marks (minute)
be asked attempted question
1 Very Short 12 10 2 20 36
answer questions
2 short answer 6 4 5 20 36
question
3 Long answer 1 1 10 10 18
question
Total 23 19 50 90
At least one Question will be asked from each unit.
Marking scheme for Practical part

SN Unit  Total Number Minimum  Mark per total time (minute)

of activities to number of activities marks
be done activities  to
be done
1 Drafting of Court 8 4 5 20 30
Documents
2 Drafting of Private 4 2 5 10 20
 Transaction
Documents
3 Drafting of 2 1 5 5 10
Commercial
Transaction
Documents
4 Drafting of 4 2 5 10 20
Document in
general use.
5 Drafting other 2 1 5 5 10
documents
Total 20 10 50 90
Reference Materials
1.     d'n'sL P\]g, sfuhhfFrsf]  dxn
2.     k|rlnt ;jf]{Rrcbfnt, k'g/fj]bgcbfnttyflhNnfcbfntlgodfjnLx?
3.     ;/sf/L d'b\bf ;DaGwL P]g, @)$(
4.     ;/sf/L jlsnlbUbz{g @)^#,dxfGoflwjStfsf] sfo{no , sf7df08f}F
5.     sfg'gth'{dflbUbz{g,  g]kfnsfg'gcfof]u, @)^^, sf7df08f}F
6.     sfg'gth'{df ;DaGwL cjwf/0ffTds kIfx? ,  g]kfnsfg'gcfof]u, @)^$, sf7df08f}F

5.      Procedural Law
Level: XII
                                                                                    Full Marks: 100
                                 Pass Marks: 35
                                                                                   Teaching Hours: 180
Introduction
Procedural law is a tool to employ substantive laws into work or practice. Like legal drafting,
procedural law is a fundamental tool of professionalism for law practitioners. Without procedural
law's knowledge, the study of law becomes futile. This course is therefore designed to get
students acquainted with core procedures applied in the context of Nepal. This course must be
taught in connection with the legal drafting.
Competencies:
The Competencies of the course are as follows:
1.      To be familiar with acquainted of fundamental principles and methods of procedures.
2.      To explain various types of procedures applied by legal and judicial institutions for various
purposes.
Learning Outcomes
This course is expected to address the following Learning Outcomes:
1.      To describe types of procedure, such as civil and criminal procedures.
2.      To explain summary procedures applied by the Courts.
3.      To provide basic knowledge on general principles of the law on procedures.
4.      To describe and be familiar with laws concerning judicial procedures and the procedures
concerning collection of evidence.
5.      To explain process of case registration and internal procedures of court and other judicial or
quasi-judicial bodies.
Detailed Course Structure and Components

Uni Topics Sub-topics Credit   (%)

t
1.        Concept and          Concept of procedures and procedural law. 9
Nature of          General introduction about administrative, quasi-judicial
Procedural and judicial procedures.
Law          General introduction to civil and criminal procedures
2.        Introduction         Nature of General Procedure  11
to Various          Nature of summary Procedure
types of          Nature of special court procedures.
procedures          Similarities and Differences of above mentioned
procedures
         Appellate and Trial Court Procedure
3.        Principles of         Principle of natural Justice 9
Procedural          principle of locus standi ( haqdaiya)
Law          principles of jurisdiction (chetradhikar)
         Principles of limitation (haadmyad)
         principle of res- judicata ( pran-nyaya)
         Principles of straredecisis, ratio decidendi and obiter
dicta ( faisalastithirata, nirnayadharraaprasangikkathan)
4.        Laws          Test of the validity of documents    (kagajjanch) 30
Concerning          Court Fees and charges
Court          Procedures concerning registration of complaints,
Proceedings responses, and petitions.
and concept          summons or notice to the parties (myaadrasuchanajari )
of Evidence          Issuance of warrant
law.          Procedures concerning appearance in the court by person
or power of attorney (waris)
         Procedures concerning examination of evidence and
witnesses.
         Procedures concerning documentation of parties'
statement.
         Procedures concerning adjournment 
         Revocation and withdrawal of cases.
         Procedures concerning mediation (Melmilap)  and
milapatra
         Procedures concerning hearing of cases and judgments.
         Procedures concerning judgment and its execution
         Procedure concerning correction of the order and
 judgment 
5.        Law of          Meaning and Definition of Evidence law. 7
Evidence          Kinds of Evidence.
         Collection and examination of evidence
         Testimony  of witness (SanksiParikshan)
6.        Introduction         Procedure of registration of civil case 19
toCivil and          Issuance of Italayanama and other relevant notices
Criminal          Procedure of myadtameli
procedures          Procedure regarding stay and release (rokkaraphukuwa)
         procedures concerning filling of FIR
         Procedures concerning arrest and detention of suspect.
         Procedures concerning remand.
         Procedures concerning investigation of crimes
         Procedure concerning filing of charge-sheet
         Procedures concerning bail and remand.
         Imprisonment procedures and protection of the rights of
accused and convicted persons.
         Procedures concerning prosecution and adjudication by
quasi judicial bodies, such as the Forest Office, National
Park Protection office, Conservation Immigration
Department, District Administration Office, Custom
Office and so on.
7.        Court          Introduction to Court Management 15
Management           Case Flow  Management
         Use of ICT in Case Management
         Court- Client Relationship and rights of court users
         Bench Decorum
         Time Management and case calendar system 
Total 100
Instruction Methods:
This course is to be taught by a competent teacher with Master Degree in Laws (LL.M) along
with adequate experience of law practice.The assigned teacher must follow the following
methods of instructions:
1.      Provide students with handouts in the form of fairly adequate explanation of the each course
content.
2.      The assigned teacher must provide an explanatory lecture on each of the course content and
encourage students to discuss and ask questions. The Socraticdialogue method is considered
most appropriate for this course.
3.      The assigned teacher must specifically identify the concerned law for detailed knowledge on
particular course component.
4.      The assigned teacher must use the 'MulukiAinAdalatiBandobastakoMahal,
DandaSajayakoMahal, SarkariMuddaSambandhiAin, SankshiptaKaryabidhiAin,
NayaprasasanAin and regulations of concerned institutions as reading reference materials.
5.      The assigned teacher must require students to 'engage on project works' on relevant chapter.
6.      The group works, discussion and problem solving methods would be particularly important for
this course.
Marking scheme
SN Questions type  Total Number Required number  Mark per total time
of questions to of answer to be question marks (minute)
be asked attempted
1 Very Short 17 15 2 30 54
answer questions
2 short answer 10 8 5 40 72
question
3 Long answer 4 3 10 30 54
question
Total 31 26 100 180
At least one Question will be asked from each unit.

Reference Materials
1. d'n'sL P\]g, cbfntLaGbf]a:ttyf b08 ;hfosf]  dxn
2. k|rlnt ;jf]{Rrcbfnt, k'g/fj]bgcbfnttyflhNnfcbfntlgodfjnLx?
3. k|rlnt;/sf/L  d'b\bf ;DaGwL P]g
4. k|rlnt ;+lIfKtsfo{ljlw P]g
5. k|rlntljz]if sfo{ljlw P]g 
6. k|rlntGofok|zf;g P]g
7. ;/sf/L jlsnlbu{bz{g @)^#,dxfGoflwjStfsf] sfof{no , sf7df08f}F
8. kmf}hbf/L GofolbUbz{g, ;]n8{ 
9. 1fOGbaxfb'/ >]i7, sfo{ljlwsfg'gsf] ?k/]vf, k}/jLk|sfzg, @)^@,
sf7df08f}F
!) u'0flglw Gof}kfg], sfo{ljlwsfg'g, n'lDjgL k|sfzg, @)^%, sf7df08f}F
!!= kjgs'df/ cf]emf, g]kfnsf] sfo{ljlwsfg'g l;b\wfGt / Jojxf/ , k}/jLk|sfzg, @)^$,
sf7df08f}F
!@= /lhteStk|wfgfË,k|df0f sfg"gsf] ;fdfGo kl/ro,e's'6L Ps]8]dL, sf7df08f}F
!#= 1fOGb|axfb'/ >]i7, sfg'gL lnvtsf d:of}bf, k}/jL k|sfzg, @)^^, sf7df08f}+

6. Civil law and Justice and Criminal law and Justice

Grade XII
                                                            Full Marks: 100
                                    Pass Marks: 35
                                                                                        Teaching Hours:180
Introduction
In the realm of justice, the civil matters concern everyday life of general people. In large number
of affairs, the individual citizens are involved in transaction without any involvement of the
formal institutions or government institutions. Often, the transactions generate disputes, and the
 state's judicial and quasi-judicial bodies, including process of arbitration and mediation of
disputes by parties themselves, must handle such issues to set forth justice.
Criminal Justice system of any society is concerned with maintenance of law and order in the
society. It is directly associated with the penal consequences and thus deprives persons engaged
in criminal activities of their liberty. Every society defines crimes according to its context and
prescribes punishments. This course introduced therefore to acquaint students of core principles
and methods of civil and criminal justice system of Nepal.
Competencies
The Competencies of the course are as follows:
1.      To be familiar with general principles of civil justice system, with particular emphasis in the
context of Nepal.
2.      To be familiar with general modality of the criminal justice system of Nepal.
3.      To explain core process of the civil litigation system, and judicial proceedings as prescribed by
the laws of Nepal.
4.      To be aware with crimes and punishment system adopted by Nepal.

Learning Outcomes:
This course is expected to address the following Learning Outcomes:
1.      To introduce to the nature and scope of laws on civil affairs of people in Nepal.
2.      To explain various types of transactions between individuals, and state and individuals and so
on.
3.      To be familiar with family law system of Nepal, including marriage and divorce process
4.      To explain crimes and administration of criminal justice system of Nepal.
5.      To describe rights of suspects and accused guaranteed by the constitution and laws of Nepal.
6.      To be familiar with major crimes in Nepal.

Detailed Course Structure and Components

Unit Topics Sub-topics Credit   (%)

1.        Introduction to Civil         Concept, Nature and scope of civil Law. 4
Law.
2.        Introduction to          Law of Private transaction (Lendenbhyabhar) 14
Property Law          Law of gift and deed of will (danbakas)
         law of Partition (aungsabanda)
         Law of succession and inheritance (aputali)
         Law of womens' property (stridhan)
3.        Introduction to law          Definition of Marriage and types. 11
of Marriageand          Legal Criteria  of marriage with special focus on
Divorce. Child Marriage
         Void and voidable marriage
         Definition of divorce and its criteria
         Alimony
4.        Law Concerning          Definition of adoption 14
 Adoption          Requirements for valid adoption
         Rights of adopted children.
         Revocation of adoption
         Procedures of adoption
5 Law of Contract          Meaning and elements of contract. 7
         Kinds of contract
         Remedy in breach of contract.
6 Introduction to    Definition and classification ofCrime 4
Criminal Law     Concept and nature of Criminal law
   Elements of crime- actusreus (commission, omission
and the state of affairs ) and mens rea (intention),
preparation, attempt and completion of crime
7 Punishment System    Types of sentence: Corporeal and non-corporeal 5
punishment, pecuniary punishment.
   Theories of punishment: Retributive, Deterrence,
Reformative, Preventive theories.
8 Basic Principles of    Ignorance of law is no excuse. 9
Criminal Justice    Nullemcrimen sine lege.
   Principles of double jeopardy
   Crime dies with criminal
   principles of ex post-facto law
   Actus non facitreum nisi mens sit rea
9 Brief History of    Ancient period –Kirat, Lichhabi, Malla,Shah 12
Nepalese criminal dynasties.
justice system    Rana period
   Adoption of adversarial system of criminal justice
   Modern era of Nepalese criminal justice system and
reforms.
   Some Important Provisions Enshrined into the
Proposed Criminal Code, such as principle of natural
justice, definition of crimes, types of crimes and
criminal liability.
10 Some Major crimes    Offence against documents – Forgery of documents, 9
Fraud and abuse or forgery of government
documents.
   Offence against property-Theft, cheating, looting,
robbery.
   Offence against person-Homicide, physical assault
and maiming, Trafficking of Drugs and persons,
Kidnapping, poaching wildlife and money
laundering, sexual offences
11 Procedural Rights of    Right to have notice and information about arrest 11
suspects in criminal and crime.
justice    Right against torture.
    Right to have counsel and legal representation from
lawyers of choice.
   Right against detention except judicial remand.
   Right to remain silence.
   Right against double jeopardy.
   Right to have compensation for torture.
Instruction Methods:
1.      The assigned teachers must provide students with handouts in the form of fairly adequate
explanation of the each course content.
2.      The assigned teacher must provide an explanatory lecture on each of the course content and
encourage students to discuss and ask questions. The Socratic dialogue method is considered
most appropriate for this course.
3.      The assigned teacher must specifically identify the concerned law for detailed knowledge on
particular course component.
4.         The assigned teacher must require students to 'engage on project works' on relevant chapter.
5.      The group works, discussion and problem solving methods would be particularly important for
this course.
6.     Marking scheme
SN Questions type  Total Number Required  Mark per total time (minute)
of questions to number of question marks
be asked answer to
be
attempted
1 Very Short answer 17 15 2 30 54
questions
2 short answer 10 8 5 40 72
question
3 Long answer 4 3 10 30 54
question
Total 31 26 100 180
7.      At least one Question will be asked from each unit.
Reference Books and Materials
1.                  g\]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg
2.                d'n'sL P]g, @)@),dxnx? M u'7L, hUucfjfbug]{,hUufkhgL, hUuf ldRg], 3/ agfpg],
nf]Ug] :jf:gL, cz+a08f, :qLcz+wgsf], wd{k'q, ck'tfnLsf], n]gb]g Jojxf/, gf;f] w/f}6,
bfgas;, /lhi6«zg, ljjfxjf/L,ck/fw;+u ;DalGwtdxnx?
3.                 k|rlnt  k|df0f P]g
4.                 k|rlnt s/f/ P]g
5.                 k|rlntljjfxbtf{ P]g
6.                 /lhteStk|wfgfË / lszf]/ l;njfn, ljlwzf:qsf] ;fdfGo ?k/]vf,  /Tgk':ts e08f/, sf7df08f}F
7.                 o'j/fh ;+uf}|nf, sfg'gzf:qtyfsfg'gsf l;b\wfGt, sf7df08f}F :s"nckm n, @)^^, eStk'/
8.                 e/t/fhpk|]tL, s/f/ sfg'g, lk|m8Ln, @)^^, sf7df8f}+
9.                 zzLs'df/L clwsf/L, kfl/jfl/s sfg'g,Nofs, nlntk'/
10.            Uff]laGbzdf{ kf}8\ofn / laa]ss'df/ kf}8]n, kfl/jfl/s sfg'gsf] kl/ro, Pd\Pd\ klAns]zg,
@)^(, sf7df8f}+
11.            ljgf]bk|;fbzdf{, kfl/jfl/s sfg'g, ;femfk|sfzg
12.            /d]z/fhk|wfg, kfl/jfl/s sfg'g, n'lDagLk|sfzg, @)&@, sf7df8f}+ 1fOGbaxfb'/
>]i7, d'n'sL P\]gM Ps l6Kk0fL,  k}/jLk|sfzg, sf7df08f}F
13.              Bibek Kumar Paudel,Law of Contract I: General Principles and Provisions, MM Publication,
2012, Kathmandu 
14.              Jaya Prasad Mangal and et al., Law of Contract, Welcome Publication Pvt.Ltd, 2016,
Kathmandu.
15.              dfwjk|;fbcfrfo{ / /lhteStk|wfgfË, kmf}hbf/L sfg'gsf] kl/ro, /Tg k':ts e08f/, sf7df8f}+
16.              dfwjk|;fbcfrfo{ / alb|k|;fb e08f/L, kmf}hbf/L  sfg'gsf] ;ldIffTdsljj]rgf,    /f]zgckm;]6 lk|
G6;,@)^#, sf7df08f}F
17.              /lhteStk|wfggfË, d]3/fhkf]v/]n  / o"u/fh kf08]o, kmf}hbf/L sfg"gsf] kl/ro,e[s'6L Ps]8]dL, @)^@,
sf7df08f}F
18.              ljlkgclwsf/L / ls/0f kf}8n , ck/fw cg';Gwfg / cleof]hgfdf ;/sf/L jlsn, g]kfn slG:66\o';g kmfp08];g,
@)&), sf7df08f}F
19.              o'j/fh ;+uf|}nf;d]t -;Dkfbs _, kmf}hbf/L Gofo k|0ffnL / g]kfnLsfg'gzf:q,  dxfGofolwjQmfsf]
sfof{no, @)^(, sf7df08f}F
20.               Ganesh Bhattarai and Madhav P. Acharya, Criminal Jurisprudence,  Nebula Printer, 2009,
Kathmandu

7. Human RightsGrade XII

                       
Full Marks: 100
                                                                               Internal Exam Pass Marks: 35
                                                                                                                 Teaching Hours: 180
Introduction
After restoration of the multi-party system in 1990, Nepal ratified major human rights instruments, and pledged
itself to respect, protect and promote human rights as one of the cardinal principle of democratic governance in
Nepal. In the context of socio-political transition, Nepal has faced situation of human rights violations and has made
efforts to remedy such violation constituting appropriate institutions and mechanisms by laws. Human rights form
cardinal perspective for the good governance in a modern democratic society, and Nepal's commitment in this
regard is absolute.
This course is introduced to familiarize students with 'fundamental instruments of human rights and their provisions'
and their enforcement process at national and international level both. More over this course aims at enabling
student to have the competency to understand the situation of their application in Nepal.
Competencies
The Competencies of the course are as follows:
1. To be familiar with core instruments of human rights.
2. To describe institutions and mechanisms adopted by Nepal to respect, protect and
promote Human Rights in Nepal.
3. To be familiar with the human rights treaties and remedies available upon violation of human
rights.
4.      Learning Outcomes:
After studying this course the students shall be competent as follows;
1.      They will express the meaning, classification and nature of human rights,
2.      Students will be acquainted of core human rights instruments
3.      Students will be familiar with the institutions and mechanisms adopted by Nepal for respect, protection
and promotion of Human Rights
4.      Students will describe basic concepts of human rights, along with fundamental principles of human rights,
5.       Students will be acquainted with the different categories of human beings such as children, aged,
women, minorities, and indigenous people.
6.      Students will be acquainted with enforcement procedure of human rights at international and national
level.
7.      Students will be familiar with the human rights treaties of which Nepal is party and be acquainted with
remedies available upon violation of human rights.
This course is expected to address the following Learning Outcomes:
1. To explain the basic concepts of human rights, along with fundamental principles
of human rights and human rights guaranteed for different categories of human beings
such as children, aged, women, minorities, and indigenous people.
2. To describe the process of reporting to the UN bodies on human rights issues, and
Nepal's commitment to foster human rights situation.
Detailed Course Structure and Components:

Unit Topics Sub topics Credit   (%)

1 Concept,          Introduction to Human rights 14
meaning and          Classification of human rights – civil and  political
nature of rights, economic, social and cultural rights, group
Human Rights rights and environmental rights
         Principle of Human Rights
         Generations of Human Rights
         Rights of children,  women and aged persons
         Rights of marginalized tribal and indigenous groups.
2 Classification          Civil and political rights 9
of human rights         Economic social and cultural rights
         Solidarity rights or group rights
         Development rights
         Generations of rights
3 Introduction to 14
the Major          Introduction to the Concept of Bill of Rights
international          Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948
Human Rights         International Covenant of civil and political Rights
Instruments 1966
International          International covenant of Economic, Social and
Bill of Rights cultural Rights, 1997

4 Other major           International Covenant Against Torture and 10

Human Rights Inhuman and Degrading Treatment and punishment
Treaties 1992
         Convention on Elimination of all forms of
 Discrimination against Women,
         Convention on Right of the Child
         Disability Convention
         Convention against Racial Discrimination
5 Implementation          Human Right enforcement under UN Charter 9
of Human          Human Rights enforcement under treaty bodies
Rights          State obligation for the enforcement of human
rights, Legislative, and administrative measures to
enforce human rights
6 National          National legal mechanism; 17
mechanism or          Constitution of Nepal, Nepal Treaty Act, National
the Human Rights Commission Act
enforcement of         Civil Liberty Act, Torture Compensation Act
human rights          National Institutional Mechanism;
         National Human Rights Commission
         National Women’s Commission,
         National Dalit Commission
         National Inclusion Commission
         Madhesi, Tharu and Muslim Commission
7 Remedy for          Remedy from National mechanisms – such as 11
violation of National Human Rights Commission and Courts
Human Rights         Remedy from International Mechanisms such as
Human Rights committee and other bodies such as
International Criminal Court.
8 Nepal’s          Remedies available under constitution and laws 9
commitment          Remedies available under administrative mechanism
towards          Remedies available under judicial process
protection and         Others
promotion of
human rights
 9 Introduction to         Concept and meaning 7
Humanitarian          Development of humanitarian law
Law          Sources of humanitarian law
Total 100
Instruction Methods
This course has to be taught by a teacher with Master Degree in Laws (LL.M) with specialization preferably in
Human Rights. The assigned teacher is required to adopt the following teaching method:
1.      Lecture: Students should be described about various types of human rights. He/she must use the instruments'
provisions and explain the meaning and scope of them in general practice.
2.      Problem solving: The class teacher must collect the issues of human rights in the local context and require students
to find solution for such violation in accordance with the provisions of the concerned instruments.
3.      Project Work: The teacher must use project work method extensively. The students must be encouraged to observe
the situation of human rights in Nepal based on the human rights instruments.
4.      The class teacher must use human rights instruments as core reference materials.

Marking scheme
 SN Questions type  Total Number Required  Mark per total time (minute)
of questions to number of question marks
be asked answer to
be
attempted
1 Very Short answer 17 15 2 30 54
questions
2 short answer 10 8 5 40 72
question
3 Long answer 4 3 10 30 54
question
Total 31 26 100 180
At least one Question will be asked from each unit.

Reference Materials
1.      YubarajSangroula, Concept and Evolution of Human Rights: Nepalese Perspectives,Kathmandu School of Law,
Nepal.
2.      YubarajSangroula, Nepalese Legal System:Human Rights Perspective , Kathmandu School of Law, Nepal. 
3.      Jack Donelley, Universal Human Rights in Theory and Practice, Cornell University Press, London (Latest
Edition).
4.      South Asian Human Right Documentation, Introducing Human Right , Oxford University Press, 2010, New Delhi
5.       uf]kfnzdf{, cGt/f{li6«o dfgjclwsf/-t];|f]=;+:s/0f_, ljBfyL{ k':ts e08f/ , @)%$, sf7df08f}F
6.       lty{dfgzfSo ;d]t  - ;Dkfbs_, dfgjclwsf/sf] ljZjJoflkwf]if0ff kq, !($*,  dfgj clwsf/ jif{ ;g\ !((*, /fli6«o ;ldltsf]
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7.      KishorSilwal and GeetaPathak (Eds.), Laws of Nepal: Incompatible With Fair Trial Standards, CelRRd, 2005,
Kathmandu
8.      Geeta Pathak and YubarrajSangroula, Gender and Laws: Nepalese Perspective,Pairavi Publication, 2002,
Kathmandu.
9.      Human Rights in Judicial Administration: Resource Materials I&II, 2015, Judicial Academy, Kathmandu.
10.  A.H. Robertson & J.G. Merrills, Human Rights in the World,  2005, New Delhi.
11.   /d]z/fhk|wfg, afnclwsf/ / Gofo, n'lDagLk|sfzg, @)^(, sf7df8f}+

 Thanks for reading Syllabus, Faculty of Law NEB (Grade 11 and 12)

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