In the English language, words can be considered as the smallest elements that have distinctive meanings.

Based on their use and functions, words are categorized into several types or parts of speech. This article will
offer definitions and examples for the 8 major parts of speech in English
grammar:  noun, pronoun, verb, adverb, adjective, conjunction, preposition, and interjection.

1. Noun
This part of a speech refers to words that are used to name persons, things, animals, places, ideas, or events.
Nouns are the simplest among the 8 parts of speech, which is why they are the first ones taught to students in
primary school.

Examples:

 Tom Hanks is very versatile. The italicized noun refers to a name of a person.
 Dogs can be extremely cute. In this example, the italicized word is considered a noun because it names
an animal.
 It is my birthday. The word “birthday” is a noun which refers to an event.

2. Pronoun
A pronoun is a part of a speech which functions as a replacement for a noun.There are five pronouns in english :

SUBJECT OBJECT ADJECTIVE PRONOU REFLEXIVE

N PRONOUN
I Me My Mine Myself
You You Your Yours Yourself
We Us Our Ours Ourselves
They Them Their Theirs Themselves
She Her Her Hers Herself
He Him His His Himself
It It Its its Itself

1. The subjective pronoun are used as the subject of a sentence.

- Ex : we go to collage
2. The objective pronoun are used as the object of a sentence.
- Ex : he will join with her to play footbal
3. The adjective before a noun. Use to show possession.
- Ex : this is our house
4. The pronoun after a noun. Is used to show possession.
- Ex : this house is ours
5. Reflexive pronoun is use to reflect ownself.
- Ex : this house her build by herself.
-
3.  Adjective
This part of  a speech is used to describe a noun or a pronoun. Adjectives can specify the quality, the size, and the number
of nouns or pronouns.
Sample Sentences:

 The carvings are complicated.

The italicized word describes the appearance of the noun “carvings.”
 I have two hamsters.
The italicized word “two,” is an adjective which describes the number of the noun “hamsters.”
 Wow! That doughnut is huge!
The italicized word is an adjective which describes the size of the noun “doughnut.”
 She is look so beautiful .
The italicized word describes the appearance of the noun “she.”
4. Adverb
Just like adjectives, adverbs are also used to describe words, but the difference is that adverbs describe adjectives,
verbs, or another adverb.

The different types of adverbs are:

 Adverb of Manner– this refers to how something happens or how an action is done.
Example: Annie danced gracefully.
The word “gracefully” tells how Annie danced.
 Adverb of Time- this states “when” something happens or “when” it is done.
Example: She came yesterday.
The italicized word tells when she “came.”
 Adverb of Place– this tells something about “where” something happens or ”where” something is done.
Example:  Of course, I looked everywhere!
The adverb “everywhere” tells where I “looked.”
 Adverb of Degree– this states the intensity or the degree to which a specific thing happens or is done.
Example: The child is very talented.
The italicized adverb answers the question, “To what degree is the child talented?”
 5. Verb
This is the most important part of a speech, for without a verb, a sentence would not exist. Simply put, this is a word that
shows an action (physical or mental) or state of being of the subject in a sentence.

Examples of “State of Being Verbs” : am, is, was, are, and were

Sample Sentences:

 As usual, the Stormtroopers  missed their shot.

The italicized word expresses the action of the subject “Stormtroopers.”
 They are always prepared in emergencies.
The verb “prepared” refers to the state of being of the pronoun “they,” which is the subject in the sentence.

6. Preposition
This part of a speech basically refers to words that specify location or a location in time.
Examples of Prepositions: above, below, throughout, outside, before, near,  and since
Sample Sentences:
 The italicized preposition introduces the prepositional phrase “under the bed,” and tells where Micah is hiding.
 During the game, the audience never stopped cheering for their team.
 The italicized preposition introduces the prepositional phrase “during the game,” and tells when the audience
cheered.

7. Conjunction
The conjunction is a part of a speech which joins words, phrases, or clauses together.

Examples of Conjunctions:  and, yet, but, for,bexouse, or,  and so

Sample Sentences:

 This cup of tea is delicious and very soothing.

 Kiara has to start all over again because she didn’t follow the professor’s instructions.
 Sura always wanted to join the play,  but he didn’t have the guts to audition.
The italicized words in the sentences above are some examples of conjunctions.

8. Interjection
This part of a speech refers to words which express emotions. Since interjections are commonly used to convey strong
emotions, they are usually followed by an exclamation point.
Examples of Interjections:
Sample Sentences:
 Ouch! That must have hurt.
 Hurray, we won!
 Hey! I said enough!

Tenses in english is one of the main keys in english grammar. Words or phrases would be pretty easy to understand if
we know about tense. Based on time tenses divided into 3 main benchmark (now/present, past and future) and 3 time are
categorized into three sections based time of occurrence an event
 Simple : thats not to show that job is being done, has been done or is still ongoing,.

 Continous : to show something has being done or still ongoing

  Pervect : is has something has been complated

Verb will chage according three basis time and will be divided into 16 details tense. There this is 16 tense and an examples

sentence.

Sentence
TENSES
Verbal Non- Verbal (Nominal)

Simple Present Tense S + V(s/es) + O/Adv S + tobe + Adj/Adv

This tenses are used to denote something Ex : Ex :
that is fixed, habitual or an essential truth.  She works every day  She is a worker
Because it is often related to the incident at  He drives a bus every morning  He is a driver
about past, present and future, this at least
has the Tenses description for a certain time.
PRESENT
Present Continuous Tense S + Tobe + Ving + O/Adv S + tobe + Adj/Adv
This tenses are used to express an action Ex : Ex :
which is actually being done at this time.  I am swimming in a big pool  He is handsome
 You are loving her  They are happily
Present Perfect Tense S + Have/Has + V3 + O/Adv S + Have/Has + been + Adj/Adv
This tenses are used to express your Ex : Ex :
experience. This sentence can used to say  You have played badminton  I have been a teacher in this school
that you have never had a certain  They have washed my car  You have been clean up my car
experience. Present Perfect Tense didn’t use
to describe specific event.
Present Perfect Continuous Tense S + Have/Has + been + Ving + O/Adv S + Have/has + been + Adj/Adv
Ex : Ex :
is used to show that something started in
 Cici and citra has been studying for  He has been a teacher since a month
the past and has continued up until now.
two hours. ago.
”for two hours’, ‘for two weeks’, ‘since
yesterday’ are all durations which can be  We have not been living togeter  I have been a beautiful face since I
 since a last month a go born
used with this sentence. Without the
durations, the tense has a more general
meaning of “lately.” We often use the
words “lately” or “recently” to emphasize
this meaning.

Simple past tense S + V2 + O/Adv S + Was/Were + Adj/Adv

We used this tense to talk about the past Ex : Ex :
 I got my money  I was get my money
 She ended their relationship  He was end their relationship
Past continuous tense S + Was/were + Ving + O/Adv S + Was/Were + being + Adj/Adv
This tense is used to say when we were in Ex : Ex :
the middle of doing at a particular moment
 I was writing a letter  I was afraid when his running up
in the past.
 The team was running  He was absent in this lecture
Past perfect tense S + Had + V3 + O/Adv S + Had + been + Adj/Adv
The Past Perfect expresses something  I had Listen to the radio when she  my notebook had been off before I
occurred before another action in the past. come home. charge it
It can also show that something happened  I had told you many times when you  my home had been built before I was
before a specific time in the past. asked me about her born
PAST Past perfect continuous tense S + Had + been + Ving + O/Adv S + Had + been + Adj/Adv
Continuous to show that something started Ex : Ex :
in the past and continued up until another  He had been waiting for one hour  She had been anxious for day.
time in the past. “For five minutes” and “for before it was opened
two weeks” are both durations which can be  I had been working with my leptop  I had been awake for night
used with the Past Perfect Continuous. all day and all I wanted to do was eat
some chocolate.
Notice that this is related to the Present
Perfect Continuous however, the duration
does not continue until now, it stops before
something else in the past.

Simple future tense S + Will/Shall + V + O/Adv S + Will + be + Adj/Adv

 often called will. because, the modal Ex : Ex :
auxiliary verb in this sentence is will.  I will dance  I will be a dancer
 I will cook  I will be a chef

Future continuous tense S + Will + be + Ving + O/Adv S + Will + be + Adj/Adv

Future Continuous has two different forms: Ex : Ex :

FUTURE “will be doing ” and “be going to be  We will traveling to bangkok next  It will be beutiful
doing”. Future Continuous forms are usually week
interchangeable.  I will go to mosque  Tonight will be coudy

Future perfect tense
This sentence is used when we talk about
the past in the future.
Future perfect continuous tense
We use the future perfect continuous tense
to talk about a long action before some
point in the future.
Simple past future tense
S + Will + Have +V3 + O/Adv
Ex :
 I will have finished by 6 PM.
 I hope you will have cleaned that
before I come
S + Will + Have + been + Ving + O/Adv
Ex :
 She will have been following the test
for an hour at 12 pm
 Tomorow my family will have been
staying at Gangnam for 5 years
S + Would + V1 + O/Adv
S + Will + Have + been + Adj/Adv
Ex :
 I will have been this assigment at 6
pm.
 The show will have been over when
you come
S + Will + Have + been + Adj/Adv
Ex :
 The apple will have brrn ripe in next
three weeks
 She will have been a director for 5
years by the end of tomorrow
S + Would + Be + Adj/Adv

this tense is used to express the events that Ex : Ex :

will be done, but in the past, not the
present.
Past future continuous tense
 Last nigt I would ask you to join with
me, but you sleep sudenly
 I would break my promise to marry
you if you didn’t cheat me.
S + Would/should + Be +Ving + O/Adv
 Life would be easy if we were rich
 I would be always loving you if you
love me to
S + Would/should + Be + Adj/Adv

Past Future Continuous tells an action would Ex ; Ex :

 be in progress in the past. time signals for
this tense is time in the past like, this
PAST FUTURE morning, yesterday, last night, last week and
so on.
Past future perfect tense
This tense is restates the action stated in
Future Perfect Tense but with different time
dimension, it is in past time whilst the
Future Perfect is in future time (not happen
yet).
Past future perfect continuous tense S + Would+ Have + been+Ving+ O/Adv
Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense
emphasizes on the course and the duration
of the action. Past Future Perfect
Continuous Tense is used to tell an action
which would have been happening until a
certain time (period) in the past.
CONDITIONAL CLAUSE
 I would be cooking vegetables at this
hour yesterday morning.
 We would be swimming last night if
my mother didn’t call me
S + Would + Have +V3 + O/Adv
Ex :
 I would have drunk the milk last
night
 she would have shouted, but I
couldn’t
Ex :
 Chris would have been working for 6
years when he get fired
 If my parents permitted me, I would
have been traveling around the
world last year
 I should be a art director if I did work
Pixar Studio
 I think yesterday would be rainy all the
day
S + Would + Have + Been + Adj/Adv
Ex :
 I would have been a rich man at that
time
 You would have been crazy
S + Would + Have + been + Adj/Adv
Ex :
 It would have bean easy
 I would have been prond of her
 Or Conditional tenses are used to speculate about what could happen, what might have happened, and what we wish
would happen. In English, most sentences using the conditional contain the word if. Many conditional forms in English are used in
sentences that include verbs in one of the past tenses. This usage is referred to as "the unreal past" because we use a past tense but
we are not actually referring to something that happened in the past. There are five main ways of constructing conditional
sentences in English. In all cases, these sentences are made up of an if clause and a main clause. In many negative conditional
sentences, there is an equivalent sentence construction using "unless" instead of "if".

Conditional sentence type Usage If clause verb tense Main clause verb tense

Zero General truths Simple present Simple present

Type 1 A possible condition and its probable result Simple present Simple future

Type 2 A hypothetical condition and its probable Simple past Present conditional or Present
result continuous conditional

Type 3 An unreal past condition and its probable Past perfect Perfect conditional
result in the past
 THE ZERO CONDITIONAL TYPE 1 CONDITIONAL
The zero conditional is used for when the time being referred to is now or The type 1 conditional is used to refer to the present or future
always and the situation is real and possible. The zero conditional is often  where the situation is real. The type 1 conditional refers to a
used to refer to general truths. The tense in both parts of the sentence is possible condition and its probable result. In these sentences the if
the simple present. In zero conditional sentences, the word "if" can usually clause is in the simple present, and the main clause is in the simple
be replaced by the word "when" without changing the meaning. future.
If clause Main clause Main clause
If + simple present simple present If clause
If this thing that thing happens. If + simple present simple future
happens If this thing happens that thing will happen.
If you heat ice it melts. If you don't hurry you will miss the train.
If it rains the grass gets wet. If it rains today you will get wet.

TYPE 3 CONDITIONAL
TYPE 2 CONDITIONAL The type 3 conditional is used to refer to a time that is in the past,
and a situation that is contrary to reality. The facts they are based
The type 2 conditional is used to refer to a time that is now or any
on are the opposite of what is expressed. The type 3 conditional is
time, and a situation that is unreal. These sentences are not based on fact.
used to refer to an unreal past condition and its probable past result.
The type 2 conditional is used to refer to a hypothetical condition and its
In type 3 conditional sentences, the if clause uses the past perfect,
probable result. In type 2 conditional sentences, the if clause uses the
and the main clause uses the perfect conditional.
simple past, and the main clause uses the present conditional.
If clause Main clause
If clause Main clause
If + past perfect perfect conditional or perfect
If + simple past present conditional or present continuous
continuous conditional
conditional
If this thing had happened that thing would have happened. (but
If this thing happened that thing would happen. (but I'm not sure this
neither of those things really
thing will happen) OR
happened) OR
that thing would be happening.
that thing would have been happening.
If you went to bed you would not be so tired.
If you had studied harder you would have passed the exam.
 earlier If it had rained you would have gotten wet.
If it rained you would get wet. If I had accepted that I would have been working in Milan.
If I spoke Italian I would be working in Italy. promotion

Active and Passive Sentence

Passive Sentence is one of the sentences in English. Passive sentence means a transitive verb form English grammar is the subject of the sentence as a
'patients', receivers an action.

Example :
 the car is washed by dudi everyday
 the stones are being lifted by them
 a bag will be bought by me
 the car was sold last month
 the house has been painted blue by them

Passive Sentences generally contrasted with active sentence, this phrase means a transitive verb, the subject sentence as an 'agent', ie action of a job.
Example :
 dudi washes the car everyday
  they are lifting the stones
 I will buy a bag
 we sold the car last month
they have painted their house blue