NAME: M.

Mubeen Afzal

REG. NO: 18-NTU-1485

Semester: BS-TMM 6th

Department: Faisalabad Business School

Task Weaving Lab Report (1)

Submitted To: Mam Aima Sameen

Date: 04-08-2021
Auto Conner:
Auto cone can be defined as It is a type of winding machine in which ring bobbins are converted
into large cones with removing of spinning faults.
Auto cone is a modern yarn winding machine. It is used to prepare a bigger package from ring
bobbin. It is just not only having a winding machined but there also some extra specifications for
this machine.

Features:
 Auto splice without a knot.
 Automatically remove yarn fault.
 Make a bigger package in minimum coast
 Waxing device
 Pneumatic disc type tensioner
 Electronic yarn clearer
 Reserve ring bobbin

Working principle / Function of auto cone machine

 Making Cone package from cops.
 Remove yarn fault (Thick & thin place, naps, foreign materials, etc.)
 Remove a knot of yarn by auto splicing.
 To wax the materials
 Minimize yarn imperfections
 To wax yarn
 Improve yarn quality
 Give the suitable shape of cone package
 Make uniform yarn
 Achieve higher production and less power consumption

Pictures:
Warping:
Warping is the first step of fabric manufacturing process. Warping is defined as the parallel
winding of yarn from cone or cheese package on to a warp beam. It is needed to confirm that
warp beam is make from good warp yarn otherwise weaving performance will be hampered.

Objectives of Warping Process:

The main objectives of the warping process are given below:
 To prepare a continuous sheet of warp ends.
 To keep the all ends parallel to one another.
 To improve the quality of warp yarn by modifying big knots, thick and thin places etc.
 To prepare the warper’s beam or weaver’s beam for the next process.

Types of Warping:
The warping process may be categorized as follows:
 Direct warping or beam warping
 Indirect warping or sectional warping

High speed warping:

High speed warping also called Beam warping/Direct warping. In high-speed warping the yarn is
wound parallel on the warping beam. All the yarns are wound at once and simple flanged beam
is used. It is a very high-speed process and is used for making fabric of single color.

Features
 It is used to brand mutual fabrics inwards large quantities
 It is used to gain weavers beam from unmarried yarn
 The production is high
 Large sum of yarn is required to gain a weaver’s beam
 Sizing is done
  Simple flanged beam is used together with drums are non-required

Working Procedure of Beam Warping Machine:

The main elements of high-speed warping or beam warping machine are creel, expending comb,
pressure roller and beam. Beam warping or direct warping is used mostly when different beams
of same warp length have to be prepared. This type of warping is carried in two separate stages:
1. At first, the accurate warping has taken the place, the available threads (creel capacity) are
wound on a large cylinder “beam” and so many beams are prepared as instructed by the result of
below expression.
2. In the second stage, the threads wound on the beams are simultaneously unwound to form the
weaver’s beam. The way, in which threads are assembled during this second phase shows that
the number of the beams should be preferably an integer number.

Sectional warping:
A sectional warping machine consists of three basic units, which are the creel, winding drum,
and beaming unit. In section warping, warp yarns are organized into yarn bands (sections), each
having the same warp density as for the weaver's beam.

Features
 This is suitable for making checked, stripped or other fancy fabric.
 We straight obtain weaver’s beam from this procedure
 As sizing is non done
 Small sum of yarn is required to gain the weaver’s beam
 The production is less inwards sectional warping
 The yarn tension is less uniform

Working of Sectional Warping Machine:

In section warping, warp yarns are organized into yarn bands (sections), each having the same
warp density as for the weaver's beam. The warp yarns are wound onto the drum band by band
until all yarns are wound onto the drum. Then, the yarn sheet is transferred from the drum onto
the weaver's beams.

Pictures:

High Speed Warping Machine: Sectional Warping Machine:

Difference:
High Speed Warping Sectional Warping

Uniform tension here. Uniform tension is not available here.

Single yarn is used. Twist yarn is used here.

Here, warp beam is produced after Here, warp beam is produced after
completing sizing process. completing warping process.

It is used to produce grey and colored fabric It is used to produce fancy fabric.
named common fabric.

Larger amount of warp yarn is required here. Small amount of warp yarn is required here.
 Here, cheese and cone winding packages are Flanged bobbin is used here.
used.

It is a cheap process. It is ultimately a costly process.

Here, creel capacity is greater than 12000. Here, creel capacity ranges 300 to 400.

Here, production speed is high. Lower production speed than high speed
warping process.

Sizing:
Sizing or size is a substance that is applied to, or incorporated into, other materials—especially
papers and textiles—to act as a protective filler or glaze. Sizing is used in papermaking and
textile manufacturing to change the absorption and wear characteristics of those materials.

Features:
• To improve the wearability of warp yarn.
• To improve the fiber-to-fiber adhesion force in the yarn.
• To strengthen the warp yarn.
• To improve the abrasion resistance of warp yarn.
• To reduce the hairiness of warp yarn.
• To improve the smoothness of warp yarn.
• To ensure good fabric quality in weaving.

Working Process of Sizing:

“The people say that sizing is the heart of weaving". In this process, the warp sheet gets
immersed in the paste of adhesive and binder, then the warp is squeezed properly to eliminate the
excess amount of adhesive. Now the warp is dried and the ends are separated from each other.
Now the warp ends are wound on the weaver’s beam. The strength of warp yarn is increased
after the sizing process. The hairiness of yarn gets reduced too.
Sizing Picture:
Tying-In and Drawing:
Tying-In:
After the depletion of a warp beam on the weaving machine, if there will be no change in design,
then the drawing-in process needs not be repeated. The ends old warp beam (now a fabric beam)
is cut and the ends of the of the new warp beam are tied to the corresponding ends of the beam
which is called tying-in process.

Drawing:
Drawing-in is the entering of yarns from a new warp into the weaving elements of a weaving
machine, namely drop wires, heddles and reed, when starting up a new fabric style. Tying-in-the
new warp ends to the depleted warp is done when a pattern is not required.

Difference:
Difference Drawing Tying-in

Duration Short term process Short or long at least one day

Repeat-ness Repeat if new design is given No repeat-ness

Pictures: