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Diode Application: WED DK2 9-10am THURS DK6 2-4pm
Diode Application: WED DK2 9-10am THURS DK6 2-4pm
Characteristics
Circuit
E
When VD=0 V then ID =
R VD =0V
When ID=0 A then
VD = E I
D =0 A
Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Robert L. Boylestad
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 9e All rights reserved.
Example For the series diode below employing the diode
characteristic beside it, determine VDQ , IDQ and VR,
V D = 0.7V
Using equivalent circuit and KVL
V R = E − V D = 8V − 0.7V = 7.3V
VR 7.3V
ID = IR = = = 3.32mA
R 2.2kΩ
Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Robert L. Boylestad
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 9e All rights reserved.
Repeat Example with the diode reverse. Thus the equivalent
circuit is
I D = 0A V R = I R R = I D R = 0V
V D = E − V R = 8V − 0V = 8V
Circuit Equivalent
VR 9.5V
ID = IR = = = 13.97 mA
R 680Ω
I D = 0mA V D1 = 0V
Vo = I R R = I D R = 0 × R = 0V
V D 2 = E − V D1 − Vo = 20V − 0V − 0V = 20V
Loop 1
Loop 2
Vo = V2 − E 2 = 4.55V − 5V = −0.45V
Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Robert L. Boylestad
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 9e All rights reserved.
Determine Vo, I1, ID1 and ID2 for the parallel diode below
Since the source voltage is greater than the diode then the
current flow and the voltage across diode is 0.7V, thus Vo -0.7V
V R E − V D 10V − 0.7V
The current is I1 = = = 2.8.18mA
R R 330Ω
Since diodes are similar thus the current will be same, then
I1 28.18mA
I D1 = I D 2 = = = 14.09mA
2 2
Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Robert L. Boylestad
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 9e All rights reserved.
Two LEDs are used for polarity detection. Positive green and
negative red. Find R to ensure 20mA through “on” diode. Both
diodes have a reverse breakdown voltage of 3V and an
average turn-on voltage of 2V
On state
Reverse state
E − V LED 8V − 2V
I = 20mA = =
R R
Therefore
6V
R= = 300Ω
20mA
E − V LED 8V − 5V
I = 20mA = =
R R
3V
Therefore R= = 150Ω
20mA
But this time the reverse biased for red LED will be 5V and exceed
the breakdown voltage. The red LED will damage.
Protective Measure for such case
The voltage across diode is the lowest one since it will “on”
first and the other still stay “off” state. Thus
Vo = 12V − 0.7V = 11.3V
Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Robert L. Boylestad
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 9e All rights reserved.
Determine the currents I1, I2 and ID for the network below
Sinusoidal input
Forward bias
Reverse bias
For ideal rectifier the dc voltage (rms)
= 0.318Vm but the diode is conducted
after the voltage supplied is more than
0.7V as shown below so the dc voltage
will be reduced. Thus Vdc is
Practical diode
Vdc ≅ 0.636(Vm − V K )
Diode Rating
PIV > Vm
1st half
2nd half
Redrawn network
Vo = Vi = (10V ) = 5V
1 1
From the 2nd Fig
2 2
Therefore Vdc = 0.636(Vo ) = 0.6363(5V ) = 3.18V
PIV ≥ Vm = 5V
Rectifier Circuits
Switching
to choose
2A or 6A
Circuit
Analysis
Vm = Vdc + Vdiode
Output Vo = Vm − Vdc − Vdiode
For ideal case Vo = Vm − Vdc
At transition state
Vo = I R R = (0 )R = 0V
Analysis for ideal diode
dc
After conduction
Vo = Vm − Vdc
Determine the output waveform for the sinusoidal input
Vo = Vm + 5V
Vo = 20V + 5V = 25V
input circuit
Vo = 0V
For T/2 Æ T
output
Parallel Clipper
Circuit
Vi + V K − V = 0V
Vi = V − V K = 4V − 0.7V = 3.3V
When Vi > 3.3V then Vo=Vi
Vo = 4V − 0.7V = 3.3V