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First Quarter-Module 3-Lesson 1-21st Century Literature From The Philippines and The World
First Quarter-Module 3-Lesson 1-21st Century Literature From The Philippines and The World
First Quarter-Module 3-Lesson 1-21st Century Literature From The Philippines and The World
MELC 3: Discuss how different contexts enhance the text’s meaning and enrich the reader’s
understanding
Specific Objectives:
Identify the used literary, biographical (time or place where the literary text was written,
author’s biography, connections between the characters and the author if there are),
linguistic (symbolism, choice of words, figurative language, mood and tone, and overall
structure of the text), and sociocultural contexts (issues among gender, race or class if
there are, literary approaches or theories used) from the given literary texts;
Explain how the literary texts became effective to you as a reader while citing the different
literary contexts (biographical, linguistic, and sociocultural context) used by the author for
each given literary text; and
Choose a literary approach or theory that you think the author might have used for his
literary text.
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the
Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office
wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such
agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this book are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every
effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective
copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.
I. Introduction
Literature has been used as part of communication before and up until now. This tells us
stories; may they be historical stories, or love stories that most of the time give us lessons or
guidance on how we will deal with the future and even in our daily lives. This also gives us
opportunities to get-to-know some people’s perspectives in life which can be helpful to us
especially when it comes to decision making. This also allows us to be imaginative and it also
improves our comprehension ability which is very essential to you as a 21st century learner.
In this module, you will determine the literary, biographical, linguistic, and sociocultural
contexts of the literary texts. Therefore, you will learn to love and appreciate more the importance
of Literature. You will be practiced to comprehend and analyse well whatever the literary pieces
are all about. And, you will be motivated to study deeper and deeper the literary texts that you
are reading as for they may have different meanings from how they are presented through the
texts.
This module contains different activities that will help you achieve the following learning
objectives:
identify the used literary, biographical (time or place where the literary text was written,
author’s biography, connections between the characters and the author if there are),
linguistic (symbolism, choice of words, figurative language, mood and tone, and overall
structure of the text), and sociocultural contexts (issues among gender, race or class if
there are, literary approaches or theories used) from the given literary texts;
explain how the literary texts became effective to you as a reader while citing the different
literary contexts (biographical, linguistic, and sociocultural context) used by the author for
each given literary text; and
choose a literary approach or theory that you think the author might have used for his
literary text.
II. Pre-Test
You are about to start learning another meaningful lesson as a 21st century learner, but
before that, try to answer the activity below by writing your answer in a separate sheet of paper.
B. How well do you know the literary analysis and comprehension terms?
Identify the following descriptions below by choosing the correct term inside the box.
Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
*Biography *Linguistic *Autobiography
*Literary Context *Sociocultural *Analysis
*Context *Comprehension
According to Semisonic, “Every new beginning comes from some other beginning’s end.”
Therefore, it is important to always look back to our past in order for us to understand well
whatever is happening right now. Let us recall if you still remember the past lesson.
Activity 2: Give me
Give at least two examples for each literary element and give a brief definition. Write your
answer in separate sheet of paper.
2.
As you go through the reading activity, you will encounter the word pinch all throughout
the poem. The activity below will elicit your understanding and feeling of the given term.
Study These
Given is a Bicol Poem with the title “Kudot” or “Pinch”, written by a Bicolano Writer, Jocelyn
Alarcon Bisuña. Also, you are provided an English translated version of the poem.
From the title, what do you think is the Poem will be all about? Right now, you will be given
an opportunity to read the poem twice or as much as you want. Interpret it on your own and take
down some notes in which you think are essential to understanding more the literary piece.
P.V.M. Santos, M.B. Prado, Lipwas:21st Century Literature, Ateneo de Naga University Press,
Ateneo Avenue, Naga City, Philippines, 2016
Activity 5: Get-to-know the Poem
How well did you understand the text? Answer the following questions by writing your
answer in a separate sheet of paper.
1. Who do you think is the main character in the poem? Or, does the character represent
any individual or group of people? Elaborate your answer on the given space below.
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
2. What is the poem about?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
3. What did you notice about the construction of the poem? (the stanzas, lines, rhyming,
etc.) Focus on the Bicol Version of the Poem in answering the question.
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
4. What were the 5 occasions when the character in the poem was pinched?
5. Are there any figures of speech found in the text? If there are, list down at least one line
from the text down below and provide what type of figure of speech it belongs to.
Line from the Poem Figures of Speech
Good Job! Now that you are done answering the comprehension questions about the
poem, let us broaden your knowledge when it comes to Literary Analysis. In this lesson, you will
learn to analyse well any literary piece that you are reading or you are planning to read. There
are different contexts that a literary piece may contain. And, these are the following;
Biographical context
Linguistic context
Sociocultural Context
By the end of the discussion, you will be able to finally determine the different literary contexts
from the literary piece that you will study in the future.
Biographical Context
How do we determine the Biographical Context in a literary text? What are the biographical
contexts?
A Biographical Context can be the author’s background. Through studying the author,
you may be able to connect the characters and their morals to the author’s life, and analyse the
patterns of behaviour shown between and among the characters, the author, and you as a reader.
Also, it includes the year the text was written or published, and characters and situations
in the text that could be representative of or are similar to the ones in the author’s life.
For some readers, they tend to do a research about the author in order for them to be
able to fully understand a literary text. Reading the author’s biography or autobiography helps
you see how much his experiences shape his work directly and indirectly.
Biography - is simply an account or detailed description about the life of a person. It
entails basic facts, such as childhood, education, career, relationships, family and death.
Autobiography - is a self-written life story. It is different from a biography, which is the
life story of a person written by someone else.
Note: You should not assume that all works are confessional, biographical, or even
“true to life.”
A literary text is according to the author’s perspective and will be heavily influenced by him or
her, but it is not the only way of studying literature.
Here are some examples of literary works written by authors of different backgrounds. In
their sample writings, their personal stories and beliefs reflect the way they project the characters
in their narrative:
“Under My Invisible Umbrella” by Laurel Fantauzzo is a literary essay that talks about a
Filipino-Italian who was born in the United States. Because her features are more Italian
than Filipina, she had encountered problems with people treating her as “extra special” in
the Philippines, but she finds it more isolating than welcoming. Fantauzzo’s way of writing
reflects a lot about her personal encounters within the Philippines. To understand her
essays better, the reader must know her background first so that they may know the
reasons behind her dilemmas.
Catch a Falling Star by Cristina Pantoja Hidalgo is a collection of realistic short stories that
revolve around a child character named Trissy or Patriciang Payatot. In the narratives, you
would find out that Trissy is not much involved in outdoor games; she was more inclined to
writing, paper doll making, and other simple crafts. If one tries to research about the author,
she may be classified as a female Filipino writer who belongs to the intellectual elite; that’s
why her writings are influenced by upper-middle class situations.
Linguistic Context
A Sociocultural Context is mostly about the social, economic, political, and cultural
forces affecting the work that you are reading. This also includes the following:
relationship between the characters or the speakers in the text and their society
issues of gender, race, or class
economic or social power
social order (lower class/middle class/upper class)
literary theories/approaches/perspective
For further discussion, study the following types of perspectives or literary theories and
their explanations.
Cuevas, Regine. 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World Unit 1: Contextual
Reading Approaches. Quipper Limited 2018.Accessed June 30, 2020.
Note: When determining a sociocultural context in a literary text you are reading, set aside
your political ideologies. Do your best to be unbiased in reading.
Now, we are done discussing the various literary approaches. You are still free to review
all the literary contexts any time you want. Once you’re confident enough, proceed to the
enrichment activity.
Enrichment Activities
Now, let us see what you have learned from the lesson or if you learned something from
what you have read in the selections given.
Activity 6: Can You Tell?
Complete the table below based on its linguistic context. Give example/s of Figure of
Speech found in the Poem, “Kudot” (Use the Bicol Version).. Write your answer in a separate
sheet of paper.
Hyperbole
Metaphor
Personification
asin-
__________________________________________________________________________
smarting stomach-
__________________________________________________________________________
fish-
__________________________________________________________________________
bitterness-
__________________________________________________________________________
Activity 8: So Essay
Reread the Poem, “Kudot”. Analyse well the poem based on its sociocultural context. Once
you are done reading the selection, pick a literary theory or perspective which you think is used
in the poem. In this activity, you will compose a 5 liner paragraph as critique. Get a whole sheet
of paper for this activity.
Guide Questions:
What literary theory/ies or perspective/s is/are used by the author in the poem?
How will you justify your answer? Would you cite evidences to prove your answer?
Your work will be guided and be rated using this rubric.
Source: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Uncommon schoo ls. 2018. Accessed July 3, 2020
https://teachlikeachampion.com/blog/dylan-william-advises-forget-rubric-use-workshop-samples-
instead/
Generalization
Activity 9: Fill me in
A. Fill each blank with its corresponding words.
B. Give the 3 Literary Contexts and using your own words, define how each one is classified or
how can it be determined in a literary text.
Application
Activity 11:
You will read another poem composed by another Bicolano author named Victor Dennis
T. Nierv. The poem is entitled,”Pababa”.
“Pababá”
Ni Victor Dennis T. Nierva
an paraoma nakatangka,
nakahiling sa dating badang na
tinubos kan bagong kagsadiri.
“Earth-Sled”
(Translated Version
By Vivtor Dennis T Nierva
if left unmoved.
The old dirt road it used to tread is marked
by the trace of coming and going
P.V.M. Santos, M.B. Prado, Lipwas:21st Century Literature, Ateneo de Naga University Press,
Ateneo Avenue, Naga City, Philippines, 2016
Are you done reading and studying the poem? Get ready to fill in the table on the next
page. Cite at least 2 examples for each of the literary context that you think were used by the
authors. Justify your answer by providing explanation and evidences from the poem.(10 Points)
Activity 12
Look for two 21st Century Filipino Authors. Compare their works by citing the different
literary contexts that they used in their literary pieces. Also, add the biography of each author.
You may write your answer in a separate sheet of paper.
Activity #1 A.
1. F
2. F
3. T
4. T
5. F B.
1. Biography
2. Autobiography
3. Sociocultural
4. Linguistic
5. Analysis
Activity # 2
(Answers may vary)
Activity #3
(Answers may vary)
Activity #4
(Answers may vary)
Activity #5
(Answers may vary)
Activity #6
(Answers may vary)
Activity #7 and #8
(Answers may vary)
Activity #9
A. 1. Biographical
2. Choice of words
3. gender, race, class
B. (Answers may vary)