1) Who were the leaders of the Propaganda Movement during the later

part of Spanish regime? Describe each leader briefly and

comprehensively.

Jose Rizal (1861-1896) – The great Writer and Thinker. He was

born in Calamba, Laguna. His family was victimized by Dominican
oppression. He left the country to continue his medical studies in
Spain. His first major salvo for the Propaganda was his speech
during the banquet for Luna and Hidalgo for winning in a painting
contest. He delivered and speech than on one had dared contest.
He delivered a speech than on one had dared before – publicly
criticize the friars. He was a prolific and intellectually brilliant writer.
His uncomprising views about Philippines problems helped incite
the strong fervor and unity among the Filipinos. His two novels
(Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo) were the motivating factor
for the Filipinos to fight for freedom.
Graciano Lopez Jaena (1856 to 1896) - this great orator
hailed fromJaro, Iloilo. Even as a boy he already demonstrated his
rebellious spirit he chose a medical career turning down his
mother's wish for priesthood. He wrote “Padre Botyok”
(Botod), asshat Rick wrote portrayal of a typical Spanish Friar
- ignorant, corrupt and abusive. Known as the " Stormy Petrel” of
the propaganda, Jaena we speak English himself as a great orator,
gifted with the tongue of Angel. When he spoke, he could hold his
audience spellbound. He was among those who initiated the
propaganda. In February 1889. He founded and edited the
La Solidaridad, the newspaper of the propaganda. With too much
work but too little food to eat, Jaena contacted tuberclosis and died
alone in a public hospital in Barcelona on January 20, 1896. 
Marcelo H. del Pilar (1850-1896) - the great editor and political
analyst was well-prepared but the task of a propagandist. He was
the founder and lawyer of the first bi-lingual (Tagalog and
Spanish) newspaper, Diarong Tagalog. his radical activities include
 the publication of articles and pamphlets ridiculing Friars and
Spanish officials. In 1889, he became the editor of
La Solidaridad. His editorials include, Asimilacion de Filipinas,
La Redencion de FIlipinas se Pierdan, mentioned but a few. He was
another victim of tuberilosis and died on July 4, 1896 in Barcelona.
His farewell message to his compatriots was too “go ahead with
the work and shake the hapiness and liberty of our dear country.” 

2) What were the aims of the Propaganda movement?

The aims of the Propaganda Movement are the following:
 Equality between Spaniards and Filipinos before the law;
 Assimilation of the Philippines as a regular province of Spain;
 Restoration of Philippines representation in the Spanish Cortes;
 Filipinization or secularization of the Philippines parisheds; and
 Recognition of the basic human rights of Filipinos such as freedom of speech,
assembly, press, etc.

3) What did America do to stop any attempt to revolt against its

colonization?
- In the United States, there was a movement for Philippine independence;
some contended that the US had no right to a nation where many people
wanted self-government. In 1898, Andrew Carnegie, an industrialist and steel
magnate, made a $20 million offer to the US government in exchange for the
Philippines' independence. Americans began to settle in the Philippines
during the Spanish colonial period. For 48 years, the Philippines were
colonized by the United States. It began in 1898, when Spain ceded the
Philippines to the United States, and continued until 1946, when the United
States acknowledged Philippine independence.
-
4) What were the notable contributions of American occupation to the
Philippines?
- The United States achieved this through building infrastructure to boost
literacy and the economics of the country. As a result, by the 1930s, literacy
had nearly doubled to about half of the population, with one-quarter of the
educated population speaking English.
- Education became a key concern for the US colonial authority since it
allowed them to promote their cultural ideals to the Filipino people, notably
the English language. Instruction in the English language and American
history aids the building of a national identity and Filipino nationalism.
- Trade and Industry Improvements, Philippine exports totaled 60.9 million
pesos in 1909.