SEMEN Geni UNCIPLES
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YIO[19}UI 9Principles of Design
These are the standards or rules to be observed by Artists in creating
works of Art; they are how to create and organize Artwork. When
are utilized with the principles in mind, outstanding Artwork is created.
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A distribution of visual wei her side of the vertical
xis. Symmetrical balance uses the same characteristics.
‘Asymmetrical uses different but equally weighted features
Contrast
The arrangement of opposite elements (light vs. dark,
rough vs. smooth, small vs large, ete...) in a composition
50 as to create visual interest.
Emphasis
Used to make certain parts of an Artwork stand out. it
creates the center of interest or focal point. It is the place
in which an Artist draws your eye to first.
Movement
How the eye moves through the composition; leading the
attention of the viewer from one aspect of the work to
another. Can create the illusion of action.
Pattern
The repetition of specific visual elements such as a
unit of shape or form. A method used to organize
surfaces in a consistent regular manner.
Rhythm
Regular repetition of, oF alternation in elements to
iveness and interest.
YYsualy pleasing agreement among he elements in a
design; Itis the Feeling that everything in the work of Art
‘works together and looks like it fits.
MIO TIGSLNI SavCOMPOSITION
NAME.
The at of organizing elements of artwork into a harmonious and pleasing whole
The consideration of how objects are placed in a design or work of art
Tips for creating good composition:
1. Overlap
race objects sbghty over one another. Ths wil
{get the eye fo move from one element to another
Objects should not be touching each other by
edges (no kissing alowed") Avo solaton, Build
‘2 relatonshp between objects
2. Crop
Consider having objects goof the edge of the
‘age. This gots the viewer in and out ofthe picture
‘vod floating objects within the edges ofthe page
Have object go off the page
‘Avod floating objects
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3. Rotate:
Consider placing objects at an angle Things that
{a7 ttes create a more dynam composition
‘Artwosk with obyects that are perfecty ined up with
the edge can be boning
Tat objects
“Avoid all objects upright
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4. Focal Point
Create an area of portance. Give the viewer
something to focus on. One way 10 achieve this is
through size variation Try not to have all elements
the same size. Another way o create focus is
through color dominance
5. Off-Centering
‘Avot placing objects direct inthe center ofthe
page. Tink about placing objects shy to one
fide The wail create a more mteresing compos:
ton, Try to keep elements balanced as you do this.
For example, one large bject could be balanced
by smaller ones, (Note: this does not mean at 9
symmetrical design cannot Be success)
‘Avoid all objects the same size
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‘Off-center objects for interest
‘Centered can be boring
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GROUND
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Are interlockTINT
Adding white
TONE
Adding grey
MIXTURE
Adding another colour
SHADE
Adding black
CHROMAFigure-Ground:
Objects (the figure) are seen as distinct
from the surroundings (the gound). (Here
the red objects are the figure and the yellow
backgound is the ground).
Proximity:
Objects that are physically close VV vw VV wiV¥ Vo ww ¥
together are grouped together. (In
this figure, we see 3 groups of 6
hearts, not 18 separate hearts.)
When we see ‘thi:
Continuity:
a pattern are grouped :
together. (When we see We normally\see this
line a., we normally see
a combination of lines
b. and c. — not d.) plus this
Not this.
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Closure: A racZtnx_
The tendency.to see a finished
unit (triangle, square, or circle) L al XK J
from an incomplete stimulus.
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Similarity:
Similar objects are grouped SSceuseae
together (the green colored seakeeose
dots are grouped together eeoceseoe
and perceived as the seevaeees
number 5). eecccosesoo
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AChapter 13; CIRCLES, CYLINDERS AND CONES
Circles And Ellipses: Circles, Except When They Are Parallel To
Observer's Face, Will Foreshorten And Appear As Ellipses
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ple «fF e+ ee
se view
silver dollar appears as a perfect clrele only when seen “front face.” When pivoted around a diameter line, it
changes from « round to 4 “skinny” ellipse, till Gnally it appears as a thin line.
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Upright circles paratil toone another |
and at right angles to observer (Le, | the other and at right angles to ob-
to picture plane) will appear as én- | server (picture plane) will appear as Seam
creasingly rounder ellipscs the ferthee increasingly rounder ellipses the
they are from center line of ebserves's further they are from observer's eye
‘viabon. (Abooe.) level-boriaoa line. (Aight.)
‘ellipses — denpite the fact that
lly, even the ones far to the lett and orcs mechanical perapective circles
right of center line of observer's at far Left and right would come out
‘vision, should all be drawn as true as distorted ellipses,BACNTSRFOR
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