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Metal and Oon - Metals: 4.1 Elements
Metal and Oon - Metals: 4.1 Elements
CHAPTER
Metal and Non - Metals
white light to give magnesium oxide (MgO) Mg (s) + H 2 O (l) $ MgO (s) + H 2 (g)
and Al burns in O 2 to form aluminium oxide Fe, Al and Zn react on passing steam over
(Al 2 O 3). hot metal. Pb, Cu, Ag and Au do not react
2Mg + O 2 $ 2MgO with H 2 O .
4Al + 3O 2 $ 2Al 2 O 3 4.1.4 Reaction of Metals with Acids
2. Iron slowly rusts in moist air to form a reddish- Active metals react with dil. acids to evolve H 2
brown powder called rust[Fe 2 O 3 $ xH 2 O]. and form salt.
4Fe + 3O 2 $ 2Fe 2 O 3 1. Metals placed above hydrogen in the activity
series displace hydrogen from dil. hydrochloric
Fe 2 O 3 + xH 2 O $ Fe 2 O 3 $ xH 2 O acid or dil. sulphuric acid to evolve hydrogen
3. Silver and gold do not react with oxygen gas and form the corresponding salt. Metals
even at high temperature. like Cu, Ag, Au placed below hydrogen in
4. Metals form basic oxides which react with activity series do not evolve H 2 from dil.
H 2 O to form basic solution, e.g., acids.
2. H 2 gas is not evolved when a metal reacts
Na 2 O (s) + H 2 O (l) $ 2NaOH (aq)
with HNO 3 . Mg and Mn react with dil.
5. Oxides of metals, insoluble in water, react HNO 3 to evolve H 2 gas, e.g.,
with acids to form salt and water.
Mn + 2HNO 3 $ Mn (NO 3) 2 + H 2 -
CaO (s) + 2HCl (aq) $ CaCl 2 (aq) + H 2 O (l)
Mg + 2HNO 3 $ Mg (NO 3) 2 + H 2
6. Amphoteric oxides ZnO, Al 2 O 3 and PbO 2
react with acid and base to form salt and 3. The combining atom of metal loses one
water, e.g., or more of its valence electrons to change
into positive ion (cation) and atom of the
ZnO (s) + 2HCl (aq) " ZnCl 2 (aq) + H 2 O (l)
nonmetal gains these electrons to convert
or into negative ion (anion). Due to transfer of
ZnO (s) + 2NaOH (aq) " Na 2 ZnO 2 (aq) electrons between atoms of compounds, they
are ionic compounds.
+ H 2 O (l)
A metal placed above hydrogen is more 4.1.5 Physical Properties of Ionic Compounds
reactive than a metal placed below hydrogen.
Sodium violently reacts with water, i.e., Ionic compounds (solids) have high MP and BP.
They are soluble in the water but are insoluble
2Na (s) + 2H 2 O (l) $ 2NaOH (aq) + H 2 (g) in solvents kerosene, benzene, etc. They do not
Lithium, potassium and calcium react with conduct electricity in solid state due to the
cold water. presence of ions.
1. Ca reacts with H 2 O violently. The heat
evolved is insufficient for hydrogen to catch 4.1.6 Chemical Properties of Nonmetals
fire. Nonmetals containing 4 or more than 4 electrons
Ca, heavier than H 2 O , however, floats on in their valence shell gain electrons to acquire
water because bobbles of H 2 gas evolved its octet to form negative ions, thus, called
during the reaction stick to the surface of Ca electronegative elements.
and make it float. Less reactive metals like 1. Nonmetals, on heating in air, form their
Mg displace H 2 from boiling water. respective oxides, e.g.,
Heat
Ca (s) + 2H 2 O (l) $ Ca (OH) 2 (aq) + H 2 (g) C (s) + O 2 (g) CO 2 (g)
2. Oxides of nonmetals, being acidic in character,
26. The electronic configurations of three 30. Which of the following non-metals is a
elements X , Y and Z are X - 2, 8; Y - 2, 8, liquid?
7 and Z - 2, 8, 2. which of the following is (a) Carbon
correct? (b) Bromine
(a) X is a metal. (c) Phosphorus
(b) Y is a metal. (d) Sulphur
(c) Z is a non-metal.
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(d) Y is a non-metal and Z is a metal.
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31. Which of the following can undergo a
chemical reaction?
27. Although metals form basic oxides, which (a) MgSO 4 + Fe
of the following metals form an amphoteric (b) ZnSO 4 + Fe
oxide? (c) MgSO 4 + Pb
(a) Na
(d) CuSO 4 + Fe
(b) Ca
(c) Al Sol : www.cbse.site/sc/cm131
(d) Cu
Sol : www.cbse.site/sc/cm127 32. Substance that can be beaten into thin are
called ........... .
(a) Malleable
28. Generally non-metals are not conductors of (b) Ductile
electricity. Which of the following is a good (c) Liquid
conductor of electricity?
(d) None of these
(a) Diamond
(b) Graphite Sol : www.cbse.site/sc/cm132
(c) Sulphur
(d) Fullerene
33. Sodium kept immersed in kerosene oil
Sol : www.cbse.site/sc/cm128 because-
(a) Sodium is most reactive metal.
(b) Sodium is less reactive metal.
29. Electrical wires have a coating of an (c) Sodium is not a reactive metal.
insulating material. The material, generally
(d) None of these.
35. When dilute hydrochloric acid is added to 39. Which of the following pairs will give
a reactive metal .......... gas is evolved. displacement reaction?
(a) Hydrogen (a) NaCl solution and copper metal
(b) Argon (b) MaCl 2 solution and aluminium metal
(c) Helium (c) FeSO 4 solution and silver metal
(d) Nitrogen (d) AgNO 3 solution and copper metal.
Sol : www.cbse.site/sc/cm135 Sol : www.cbse.site/sc/cm139
36. When zinc is added to a sodium of iron 40. An element reacts with oxygen to give a
(II) sulphate than it would displace .......... compound with a high melting point. This
from the solution compound is also soluble in water. The
(a) Zinc element is likely to be
(b) Sodium (a) calcium
(c) Iron (b) carbon
(d) None of these (c) silicon
(d) iron
Sol : www.cbse.site/sc/cm136
Sol : www.cbse.site/sc/cm140
68. Which of the following metal have low 72. An element X (atomic number 12) reacts
density? with another element Y (atomic number
(a) Iridium 17) to form a compound Z . Which of the
(b) Osmium following statements are true regarding
(c) Lithium this compound?
1. Molecular formula of Z is XY2 .
(d) None of these
2. It is soluble in water.
Sol : www.cbse.site/sc/cm68 3. X and Y are joined by sharing of
electrons.
4. It would conduct electricity in the
69. Select the odd one out- molten state.
1. Tin (a) 2 and 3
2. Sulphur (b) 1 and 2
3. Hydrogen (c) 1, 3 and 4
4. Carbon (d) 1, 2 and 4
5. Iodine
6. Oxygen Sol : www.cbse.site/sc/cm72
(a) 2
(b) 4
(c) 5 73. Metals tend to have high melting points of
the strength of .......... bond.
(d) 1
(a) Metallic
Sol : www.cbse.site/sc/cm69 (b) Ionic
(c) Compound
(d) None of these
70. Which of the following is the best conductor
of heat? Sol : www.cbse.site/sc/cm73
(a) Silver
(b) Iron
(c) Gold 74. In the following practical set which of the
following gas is emitted?
(d) Aluminium
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Cl + e − $ Cl −
(2, 8, 7) (2, 8, 8)
Mg $ Mg2+ + 2e −
(2, 8, 2) (2, 8)
Sol : www.cbse.site/sc/cm78
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct
true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
explanation of Assertion. (c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.
(c) Assertion is true but Reason is false. (d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
Sol : www.cbse.site/sc/cm97
Sol : www.cbse.site/sc/cm94
96. Assertion : Sodium metal is obtained by 99. Assertion : When zinc is added to a solution
electrolytic reduction. of iron (II) sulphate, no change is observed.
Reason : Sodium is a highly reactive metal. Reason : Zinc is less reactive than iron.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true (a) Both Assertion and Reason are true
and Reason is the correct explanation and Reason is the correct explanation
of Assertion. of Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are (b) Both Assertion and Reason are
true but Reason is not the correct true but Reason is not the correct
explanation of Assertion. explanation of Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but Reason is false. (c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are false. (d) Assertion is false but Reason is true.
Sol : www.cbse.site/sc/cm96 Sol : www.cbse.site/sc/cm99
97. Assertion : Silver articles become black 100. Assertion : Food cans are coated with zinc
after sometime when exposed to air. and not with tin.
Reason : Silver is very less reactive. Reason : Zinc is more reactive than tin.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true (a) Both Assertion and Reason are true
and Reason is the correct explanation and Reason is the correct explanation
of Assertion. of Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are (b) Both Assertion and Reason are
true but Reason is not the correct (b) Both Assertion and Reason are
explanation of Assertion. true but Reason is not the correct
(c) Assertion is true but Reason is false. explanation of Assertion.
(d) Assertion is false but Reason is true. (c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.
(d) Assertion is false but Reason is true.
Sol : www.cbse.site/sc/cm100
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dilute hydrochloric acid to each of them. Between which two metals should hydrogen
be placed in the series?
(a) A and B
(b) B and D
(c) A and C
(d) C and D
Sol : www.cbse.site/sc/cm106
123. Property of metal by which it can be drawn 126. The metal which is known as strategic
into wire is: metal is
(a) ductility (a) zirconium
(b) density (b) titanium
(c) malleability (c) manganese
(d) elasticity (d) all of these
Sol : www.cbse.site/sc/cm115 Sol : www.cbse.site/sc/cm116
124. Property of metal by virtue of which it can 127. Metals can be given different shapes
be beaten into sheets is: according to our needs because
(a) resistivity (a) they are malleable and ductile
(b) ductility (b) they are sonorous
(c) malleability (c) they are generally hard
(d) conductivity (d) they have a shining surface
Sol : www.cbse.site/sc/cm115 Sol : www.cbse.site/sc/cm116
Direction For Questions (127-131) 128. Which of the following non-metal is a good
Metals are elements that exhibit a variety conductor of electricity?
of physical properties such as those of (a) Oxygen
malleability, ductility, conductivity of heat (b) Nitrogen
and electricity, lustre, etc. Due to such (c) Graphite
properties, metals find usage in purpose (d) Bromine
such as cooking utensils, machinery, modes
of transportation, construction, etc., in our Sol : www.cbse.site/sc/cm116
daily life. Metals such as gold and silver
have been used in making jewellery since
ancient times. Non-metals have been found 129. Metals produce a metallic sound. This
to exist in all the three states– solid, liquid property of metal is called
and gaseous. They are non-malleable, non- (a) malleability
ductile and brittle in nature. Non-metals (b) sonority
have very low tensile strength and are (c) conductivity
easily broken up. (d) ductility
Sol : www.cbse.site/sc/cm116
125. Which of the following metal(s) will have
very low melting point?
(a) Gallium
Direction For Questions (132-136)
(b) Caesium
(c) Copper Metals react with non-metals by losing or
gaining electrons. They have a give-and-take
(d) Both (a) and (b)
relation between them. Ionic compounds
Sol : www.cbse.site/sc/cm116 are usually solid and hard in nature. They
are generally soluble in water and insoluble electrons to oxygen atoms, the calcium
in solvent like petrol, kerosene, etc. The atom has the number of valence electrons
melting and boiling points of electrovalent as
compounds are high. In order to change (a) three
the physical state of the electrovalent (b) one
compounds (from solid to liquid to gas), (c) four
a high temperature is needed to overcome
(d) two
the attractive forces.
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130. Which of the following properties is not
generally exhibited ionic compounds?
(a) Electrical conductivity in molten state 134. The atomic number of four elements A, B,
(b) Electrical conductivity in solid state C , D are 6, 8, 10 and 12 respectively. The
two elements which can react to form ionic
(c) High melting and boiling points
compounds are:
(d) Solubility in water (a) A and B
Sol : www.cbse.site/sc/cm117 (b) C and D
(c) B and D
(d) A and C
131. Electrovalent compounds are usually solid
and hard in nature. This is due to Sol : www.cbse.site/sc/cm117
(a) strong forces of attraction between
the oppositely charged ions.
(b) weak forces of attraction between the
oppositely charged ions. Don’t Take Printout of This File because
(c) strong forces of attraction between this is not useful. You can purchase hard
the same charged ions. book from Amazon. Hard book includes
(d) weak forces of attraction between the explanation of all MCQs in print form.
similarly charged ions.
Sol : www.cbse.site/sc/cm117