Unit III: Brief History of Basketball

Introduction
Basketball was invented during the school year of 1891-92 at Springfield College in
Springfield, Massachusetts. Dr. James A. Naismith conceived the idea of attaching peach baskets
at opposite ends of the gym on the track that encircled the playing floor. This is where the height
of 10 feet for the basket was arrived at. Basketball derives its name from the original ball and
basket used in the first games. The game was introduced in YMCA’s across America and also to
foreign countries. Basketball became part of the Olympic Games in 1936.

Learning Competencies
At the end of this unit, the students are expected to:
1. Trace the brief history and rules of basketball
2. Discuss the nature of the game
3. Identify the fundamental skills in basketball
4. Enumerate and emphasize the safety/etiquette
5. To identify the different facilities and equipment required in basketball
5. To familiarize oneself with the specifications of the different facilities and equipment’s
in basketball
6. To familiarize oneself with the common terms used in basketball

Lesson Proper
Basketball – is a team sport played by two teams of five players on a rectangular court.
The main objective of basketball is to make a goal and score points. A goal is made by
shooting the ball through the basket or hoop.
Rules of Basketball
1. Players: Five players per team on the floor at a time with unlimited substitutions. Usually,
players fill the standard positions of 2 forwards, 2 guards, and 1 center. The names of these may
be changed depending on the offense played.
2. Offense: Team or individual patterns of play that are used to get the ball into scoring position.
There are two basic types of offensive attacks: the slow deliberate attack and the fast break
attack.
3. Defense: Players may choose to play either a man-to-man defense (person to person) or zone.
In man to man each player is assigned a specific person to guard/play defense on. In a zone
defense, players are assigned a specified area to guard. The object of defense is to try to take the
ball away from your person or the person in your assigned zone area to force them to turn over
the ball, or force them to take a low percentage shot.
4. Scoring: Field Goals = 2 or 3 points. Free Throws = 1 point.
5. Timeouts: Timeouts are one minute or 30 seconds in length and can be requested during a
dead ball or anytime by the team in possession of the ball. Each team gets a total of five timeouts
for the entire game.
6. Timing:
 High school varsity games play 8 minute quarters.
 Time stops each time an official blows the whistle indicating a dead ball.
 There is one minute between quarters and 10 minutes at the half.
 A player has 10 seconds to shoot a free throw.
 A player has 5 seconds to inbound the ball.
 Running time is used in physical education and intramural situations. The clock does not stop
on dead balls.
Play
1. The game is started with a jump ball in the center circle between two opponents.
2. A player is out of bounds when touching the floor on or outside the boundary line.
3. The ball is out of bounds when it touches a player who is out of bounds or any other person,
the floor, or any object on or outside a boundary, or the supports of the backboard.
4. If the ball is caused to go out of bounds by the last player touching it, it is awarded out of
bounds for a throw-in by the opposing team.
5. While the ball is alive, an offensive player cannot remain for more than 3 seconds in that part
of the free-throw lane between the end line, the free-throw line, and the free-throw lane lines.
6. If an offensive ball handler, while in the front court, is closely guarded by the defense for 5
seconds, a violation is called and the defense is awarded the ball.
7. If two opponents are both firmly holding the ball, a “jump ball” is called. A “jump ball”
results in an alternating possession which is kept track of at the official table.
8. In physical education, intramurals, or pick up games, a “jump ball” is awarded to the defender.
9. Violations include: causing the ball to go out of bounds, double dribbling, running with the
ball, kicking the ball, striking the ball with the fist, interfering with the basketball, illegal throw-
in (taking more than 5 seconds or stepping on the line), being closely guarded for 5 seconds
while in possession of the ball in the front court, and the three second lane rule.
10. After one team makes a field goal or free throw, the other team puts the ball in play from out
of bounds under the basket at which the goal was made. Each team possessing the ball is
required to advance it past the half-court line within 10 seconds after gaining possession.
11. Fouls:
 Personal: involving pushing, charging, tripping, holding, body contact
- After the fifth personal foul on a player, the player is disqualified from the game.
- The offended player is awarded:
▪ one free throw if the foul occurred during a field goal attempt and the basket
was made.
▪ two free throws if the foul occurred during a field goal attempt and the basket
was missed.
▪ no free throw, but the ball is awarded to the offended player’s team out of
bounds.
 After the seventh TEAM personal foul in the half, the person fouled will be given a bonus free
throw.
▪ If you make the first bonus free throw you receive a second free throw.
 ▪ If you miss the first bonus free throw, the ball should be played like a missed field goal.
▪ After the tenth TEAM personal foul in the half, the person fouled will be given two free
throws commonly referred to as the Super Bonus.
▪ Intentional: foul involving “intent” to foul as opposed to trying to play the ball which
awards the person fouled two free throws and team possession of the ball after the free
throws.
▪ Technical: involving delay of game, unsportsmanship like conduct, illegal entry, and
excessive timeouts with the offended team being awarded two free throws and the ball
out of bounds.

Nature of the Game

Basketball is played by two teams of five players each. The object of the game is to score
more points than your opponent. The ball is passed, thrown, bounced, batted, or rolled from one
player to another. A player in possession of the ball must maintain contact with the floor with
one foot (pivot foot), unless the player is shooting, passing, or dribbling. Physical contact with an
opponent can result in a foul if the contact impedes the desired movement of the player.

BASIC SKILLS
DRIBBLING – the process of bringing or moving the ball place to place around the court
using the finger pads to tap the ball.
1. Touch the ball with your fingertips, not your palms.
2. Get in a low stance.
3. Bounce the ball off the ground firmly, extend through your elbow.
4. Keep your hand on top of the ball.
5. Keep the ball low, below your waist.
6. Keep your head up, eyes up.
7. Protect the ball from the defender.
8. Don’t pick up your dribble unless you are ready to pass or shoot.
9. Avoid dribbling violations such as traveling, double dribble, and carrying.
SHOOTING – Practice the B.E.E.F. method for shooting
B = Balance Keep your feet shoulder width apart, with your dominate
foot slightly ahead of your non-dominate foot.
E = Eyes Focus on the rim.
E = Elbow Dominate hand’s elbow should be aligned with your torso in a
90° angle so you are looking at the back of your wrist.
F = Follow Through Flick your wrist after releasing the ball. Imagine
reaching into
a cookie jar up on a high shelf.

Other shooting tips:

 Rest the ball on the finger tips not in the palm of the hand.
 Your non-dominate hand acts only as a guide to the ball. This hand doesn’t assist in
shooting the ball.
  If shooting from a greater distance you must jump in order to recruit power from your
legs.
PASSING – an alternative way to move the ball around the court that is not comprised of the act
of dribbling. There are three common passes in basketball.
1. Chest pass – the ball is thrown from your chest to your teammate’s chest with no
bounce or arc.
2. Bounce pass- The ball is thrown from your chest and is bounced once before entering
your teammate’s hands near their chest area. This pass is the most difficult pass to
defend.
1. Overhead pass – The ball is passed from over your head into your teammate’s chest.
Tips to proper passing:
 Grip the ball with both hands.
 Step with your non-dominate foot.
 Follow through with thumbs pointing down and fingers pointing to target.
 Aim for your teammate’s chest so they can quickly be prepared to take a shot.
 Receivers of the pass should always meet the pass.
LAYUPS- a shot where a player releases the ball close to the basket while continuing to run off
one foot.
Right-handed layup: Dribble with right hand
Jump off left foot
Shoot with right hand as you lift your right leg
Left-handed layup: Dribble with left hand
Jump off right foot
Shoot with left hand as you lift your left leg
Aim for the side of the box on the backboard you are shooting from.
Safety/Etiquette
1. Clear the gymnasium and immediate playing area of movable obstructions and cover
or pad those obstructions that cannot be moved.
2. No rough play or horseplay will be tolerated.
3. Be careful/aware of the walls during practice or play.
4. When possible, make use of breakaway rims and pad the underside of the backboards.
5. No loose or hanging jewelry should be worn by competitors. Remove rings, bracelets
and wristwatches.
6. Only gym shoes with sufficient traction should be worn.
7. Always be alert of play, even if you are standing on the sidelines.
8. Whenever possible during the drills or game play, participants of common ability
levels should play against each other.
9. Good sportsmanship should be displayed by all.
10. Take periodic rest and water breaks.

Care of Equipment/Facilities
1. Balls are stored in portable bins and should be carefully returned to the bins at the end
of each period of use. Do not kick the basketballs or throw them from a distance
into the storage bins.
2. Balls should be checked often for proper inflation levels.
3. Do not sit on or throw the basketballs against the gym walls.
4. Do not hang on the rims or nets.
5. The playing floor should be swept and cleaned regularly.

Facilities and Equipment

A. Playing court – 28 meters in length and 15 meters in width

B. Basketball – orange with 8 traditionally shaped panels and black seams 74.9- 78cm in
circumference; 567-650g in weight.

C. Stop watch and Game clock

Terminologies
1. Baseline – the end line
2. Boxing out – a term used to designate a player’s position under the backboard that
prevents an opposing player from achieving a good rebounding position.
3. Carrying – In a carry, your hand makes contact with the bottom of the ball, then flips the
ball over in the act of dribbling.
4. Charging – personal contact against the body of an opponent by a player with the ball.
5. Cut – a quick offensive move by a player trying to get free for a pass.
6. Denial Defense – aggressive individual defense where the defensive player works hard to
keep the offensive player from receiving a pass.
7. Double Dribble – when one person dribbles, stops and picks up the ball and starts to
dribble again or dribble with two hands simultaneously.
8. Dribble – the process of bringing the ball down the floor or moving the ball from place
to place using the finger pads to tap the ball.
9. Drive – an aggressive move toward the basket by a player with the ball.
10. Fake (Feint) – using a deceptive move with the ball to pull the defensive player out of
position.
11. Fast break – moving the ball quickly down the court in order to score before the defense
can set up.
12. Field Goal - a basket scored from the field, worth two points, unless outside the three
point line.
13. Free throw – the privilege given a player to score one point by an unhindered throw for a
goal from within the free-throw circle and behind the free throw line.
14. Lay-up – a shot where a player releases the ball close to the basket while continuing to
run off one foot.
15. Pick – a special type of screen where a player stands so the defensive player slides to
make contact, freeing an offensive teammate for a shot, drive, or pass.
16. Pivot – takes place when a player who is holding the ball steps once or more than once in
any direction with the same foot. The other foot, called the pivot foot, is kept at its point
of contact with the floor.
17. Press – a team’s attempt to take the ball away from their opponent before they can set up
their offense.
18. Rebound – when a shot bounces off the backboard or basket and is pulled down by a
player.
19. Team’s Back Court – the part of the court containing the opponent’s basket.
20. Team’s Front Court – the part of the court containing the team’s own basket.
21. Telegraphing the Pass – indicating where you are going to pass by looking or signaling.
22. Throw-in – a method of putting the ball in play from out of bounds.
23. Traveling – when a player in possession of the ball within bounds progresses illegally in
any direction.
24. Violation – an infraction of the rules resulting in a throw-in from out of bounds for the
opponents.

https://www.lths.net/cms/lib/IL01904810/Centricity/domain/165/units/Basketball.pdf

Activity/Evaluation

Activity 1 – Assess your knowledge

Direction. Choose the best answer and incircle the correct answer.
1. Who created the game Basketball?
a. Walter A. Hakanson b. James A. Naismith c. Kareem Abdu Jabbar d. William J. Morgan
2. What was the original type of basket used for basketball?
a. peach basket b. fish basket c. sewing basket d. trash basket
3. Which movement is the most efficient when shooting a lay-up from the right side of the
basket?
a. takes off from the left foot, shoot with right hand c. take off from the left foot, shoot with both
hands
b. takes off from the right foot, shoot with right hand d. stand on both feet, shoot with right hand
4. Which equipment is used for timing period of play and intervals between them?
a. 24-second device b. stopwatch c. game clock d. wristwatch
5. What is the best execution of an accurate bounce pass?
a. lowering the release point c. initiating the pass with a stride
b. rotating the wrist inwards d. having correct point of contact on the floor
6. What is the time limit for an offensive team to inbound the ball?
a. 3 seconds b. 5 seconds c. 10 seconds d. no time limit
7. The offensive team plays a fast break, what is the best shot for the player close to the basket?
a. lay-up shot b. alley hoop shot c. jump shot d. fall away shot
8. An offensive player happened to return the ball to the back court. What is the penalty for the
violation?
a. jump ball b. one free throw c. two free throw d. opponent’s ball

9. When dribbling, a players’ eye should focus on_______.

 a. downward in order to control the ball c. forward in order to alternate hands
quickly
b. forward in order to pass a teammate d. downward in order to see the feet of
defensive player
10. The game Basketball was invented in the year__________.
a. 1894 b. 1985 c. 1891 d. 1895

II.IDENTIFICATION.
Identify what is being asked in each item, write your answer on the space provided before each
item.
_______________11. He is normally the Tallest and the big man on the team and has often a great
deal of Strength.
_______________12. Known as the play maker of the game and usually the smallest in the team.
_______________13. Responsible for developing and improving his players and giving strategy to win a
game.
_______________14. An official who enforces the rules and maintain order inside the court during
a game.
_______________15. Dimension of the basketball court in NBA.

ESSAY (5pts)
Direction: Make it neat, simple, clear and concise.

1. What are the challenges that you have encounter during performing the activity and how
can you relate in this Pandemic? Make it simple at least 10-15 sentences.

Practical Activity #1:

a. Illustrate the Dimension of the court in Basketball.
b. Perform the basic skills of Basketball and make a video clip.

Unit IV: Brief History of Volleyball

Introduction
Volleyball was invented in 1895 by William G. Morgan, physical director of the Young
Men’s Christian Association (YMCA) in Holyoke, Massachusetts. It was designed as an indoor
sport for businessmen who found the new game of basketball too vigorous. Morgan called the
sport “mintonette,” until a professor from Springfield College in Massachusetts noted the
volleying nature of play and proposed the name of “volleyball.” The original rules were written
by Morgan and printed in the first edition of the Official Handbook of the Athletic League of the
Young Men’s Christian Associations of North America (1897). The game soon proved to have
wide appeal for both sexes in schools, playgrounds, the armed forces, and other organizations in
the United States, and it was subsequently introduced to other countries.
In 1916 rules were issued jointly by the YMCA and the National Collegiate Athletic
Association (NCAA). The first nationwide tournament in the United States was conducted by the
National YMCA Physical Education Committee in New York City in 1922. The United States
Volleyball Association (USVBA) was formed in 1928 and recognized as the rules-making,
governing body in the United States. From 1928 the USVBA—now known as USA Volleyball
(USAV)—has conducted annual national men’s and senior men’s (age 35 and older) volleyball
championships, except during 1944 and 1945. Its women’s division was started in 1949, and a
senior women’s division (age 30 and older) was added in 1977. Other national events in the
United States are conducted by member groups of the USAV such as the YMCA and the NCAA.
Volleyball was introduced into Europe by American troops during World War I, when
national organizations were formed. The Fédération Internationale de Volley Ball (FIVB) was
organized in Paris in 1947 and moved to Lausanne, Switzerland, in 1984. The USVBA was one
of the 13 charter members of the FIVB, whose membership grew to more than 210 member
countries by the late 20th century.
International volleyball competition began in 1913 with the first Far East Games, in
Manila. During the early 1900s and continuing until after World War II, volleyball in Asia was
played on a larger court, with a lower net, and nine players on a team.
The FIVB-sponsored world volleyball championships (for men only in 1949; for both
men and women in 1952 and succeeding years) led to acceptance of standardized playing rules
and officiating. Volleyball became an Olympic sport for both men and women at the 1964
Olympic Games in Tokyo.

Learning Competencies
At the end of this unit, the students are expected to:
1. Trace the brief history and rules of volleyball
2. Identify the basic skills in volleyball
3. To identify the different facilities and equipment required in volleyball
5. To familiarize oneself with the specifications of the different facilities and equipment’s
in volleyball
6. To familiarize oneself with the common terms used in volleyball
Lesson Proper
Volleyball – is a team sport which two teams of six (6) are separated by a net.
 - is played by two teams in a rectangular court, divided into two equal halves
across the length by a net tightly stretched between two poles fixed at either sides of the
court. It is one of most popular rally games and is today widely played across the world.

Facts About Volleyball

 Volleyball was developed in 1895 by William G. Morgan at the Young Men's
Christian Association (YMCA) in Holyoke, Massachusetts.
 It was created for businessmen who required a game that involved less physical
contact than basketball.
 Volleyball blended elements of baseball, basketball, handball, and tennis.
 Volleyball was originally played using a tennis net hung 6 feet 6 inches above the
floor.
 The first game of volleyball was played on July 7, 1896 at Springfield College.
 Official volleyball was designed in 1900.
 The set and spike were introduced in the Philippines in 1916.
 The United States Volleyball Association (USVBA, now called USA Volleyball) was
formed in 1928.
 Volleyball was introduced to the Olympic Games in Tokyo in 1964.
 The Association of Volleyball Professionals (AVP) was formed in 1983.
 U.S. men's team won the Gold medal and the U.S. women's team won the Silver
medal at the 1984 Olympics in Los Angeles.
 U.S. men's team won the Gold medal at the 1988 Olympics in Korea.
 Volleyball celebrated 100 years of existence in 1995.
 Two-person beach volleyball was added to the Olympics in 1996.
General Rules
 Volleyball is played by two teams of six players on a court divided by a net.
 There are different versions available for specific circumstances in order to offer the
versatility of the game to everyone.
 The object of the game is to send the ball over the net so that the opposing team cannot
return the ball or prevent it from hitting the ground in their court.
 Each team has three hits to attempt to return the ball.
 The ball is put in play with a serve that is hit by the server over the net to the opponents.
 The volley continues until the ball hits the playing court, goes out of bounds, or a
team fails to return it properly.
 When the receiving team wins a volley, it gains the right to serve, and the players
rotate one position clockwise.
 When the serving team wins a volley, it wins a point and the right to continue
serving.
 Each team consists of no more than six persons, with each side having an equal
number.
 Each player must be in his or her own position before the ball is served.
 After the server strikes the ball, each player may cover any section of the court.
  The positions of the players are numbered as follows:
 The three players along the net are front-row players and occupy positions 4
(front left), 3 (front center), and 2 (front right).
 The other three are back-row players occupying positions 5 (back left), 6 (back
center), and 1 (back right).
 Each player serves in turn and continues to serve until the volley is lost (side out).
 The ball must clear the net on the serve, unless the ball hits the net and goes over
the net on the first attempt, then it may be reserved.
 After a team has lost its serve, the team receiving the ball for the first serve must
rotate one position clockwise before serving.
 The ball may be volleyed only three times from one team member to another before
returning it over the net.
 During this volley a player may not hit the ball twice in succession. One or both
hands may be used.
http://sss.wrdsb.ca/files/2014/06/volleyball.pdf

Basic Skills in Volleyball

SERVE
UNDERHAND - the most common serve and employed in high level competition. It is a serve
in which the player hit the ball below the waist
TOPSPIN - it is generally a hard hit and aimed to specific returner or part of the court. It usually
cause a fast drop and a straight path.
JUMP SERVE - or an overhand serve wherein the server toss the ball high in the air, make a
high jump and find contact with the ball, hitting it with much pace and topsin. It is the most
common serve among the professional and college team.
JUMP FLOAT - it is almost the same with standing float serve but the ball is tossed lower but
contact is still made while in the air.
PASS - skill in passing involve fundamental techniques:
Underarm pass - the ball touches the joined forearms at waistline.
Overhand pass - hand over the ball with fingertips, just above the head.
ATTACK - is also known as spike. A spiker made a series of approach; jump and made a hard
hit that it will land on the opponent court which cannot be defended.
ATTACKING TECHNIQUES:
backcourt attack - an attack performed by a backrow player. It is a case of jump from behind
before making contact with the ball.
line and cross-court shot - refers to ball flies in a straight trajectory parallel to the side lines or
made cross through the court in an angle.
dip/cheat hit - the player will not make a hard hit but will lightly hit the ball, that it will land on
the opponents court not being covered by the defense.
off-speed hit - the player does not hit the ball hard, reducing speed and made confusion on the
opponent side.
quick hit- it is an attack wherein the jump and approach begin before the setter contact the ball.
Facilities and Equipment
A. Playing court – made up of the actual playing court, a rectangular measuring 18m x
9m.

B. Net – height is 2.43m for men and 2.24m for women.

C. Ball – 65-67cm in circumference and weight 260-280g, pressure must be between

0.30 and 0.35kg/cm.

Terminologies
Attack- the offensive team attempting to score
Block - a defensive play used to intercept a hard driven spike
 Dead ball - ball is dead when the play stops with the whistle of the referee
Game/set - one team scores 25 pts
Pass - to set the ball to a teammate
Deuce - team is tie
Rally point- scoring system
Playing fault - an action contrary to the rule
Libero - defensive player
Screening - when a player waves his arms, or moves in such a way that the opponents are
distracted
The Officials
First Referee - be seated at a height 50cm above the level of upper edge of the net
Second referee - stand on the opposite side from where he can see the first referee
Scorer - registration on score sheet, control legal interruption and making report
Line judges - keep watch on the sidelines and end lines nearest to him and give signal to referee

Activity/Evaluation
Activity 1 – Assess your knowledge
I. Choose and circle the letter of the correct answer.
1. What is the dimension of the Volleyball court?
a. 28 meters x 15 meters b. 225 feet x 220 feet c. 9 meters x 18 meters d. 22 feet x 40 feet
2. A game invented by William G. Morgan in 1895.
a. Volleyball b. Basketball c. Softball d. Soccer football
3. The service is the act of putting the ball in a play. What is the most important aspect of the
serve?
a. the placement of the ball b. the height of the ball c. the speed of the ball d. the spin
of the ball
4. The officiating officials cause the game to progress with as little interference as possible.
Which of this directs the match from the start until the end?
a. libero b. line men c. first referee d. spiker
5. A player is blocking a spike, how far apart should the player’s thumbs?
a. 1 to 2 inches b. 6 inches apart c. touching each other d. none of
these
6. What direction should a player face when preparing to jump to block a spike?
a. sideways to the net c. facing to the opposing team’s coach
b. squarely facing the net d. none of these
7. The weight of the ball is___________.
a. 3 to 9 ounces b.60 to 80 grams c. 5 to 15 kg d. 9 to 10 ounces
8. After a team gains the serve, its members must rotate in what direction?
a. clockwise b. counterclockwise c. upward d. downward
9. A player who is specialized in defensive skills and usually wear a contrasting jersey color.
a. spiker b. setter c. libero d. blocker
10. A type of serve where the player tosses the ball high and hits it with the wrist.
a. underhand serve b. float serve c. jump serve d. topspin
serve

II. Fill in the missing words or phrase in each item.

(11.) There are _______sets in an international/official game and (12.)_____contacts are allowed
during the game.
(13.) The official height of the net in men’s category is _________ (14.) and for women is _________.
15. The Ability to prevent the ball from touching one’s court after a spike or attack. ____________.

III. List the Equipment used in Volleyball. (16-20)

IV. IDENTIFICATION

Setter Middle Blocker opposite Hitter

Outside Hitter Defensive Specialist Libero

21. Also known as the left-side hitter and is the lead attacker in the offensive strategy. ________
22.  Sometimes known as the middle hitter, is the tallest player on the volleyball team. _________
23. A player specialized in defensive skills. Wear a contrasting jersey color from their teammates
and cannot block or attack the ball when it is entirely above net height. __________.
24. Also known as the right-side hitter, these players need to be a perfect balance of both
offense and defense. ______________.
25. The main contributor to the offense of the volleyball team and the playmaker, point guard or
the quarterback of the volleyball team. ________________.

V. ESSAY
26-30. Is volleyball an easy sport for you? Why?
31-40. What is the importance/role of the officiating officials?
41-50. Label the size of the court in Volleyball.

Practical #1
1. Perform the basic Skills in Volleyball:
a. Underhand Serve e. Underarm Pass
b. Top Spin Serve f. Overhand Pass
c. Jump Serve
d. Jump Float