Cumulative Review: All Punctuation and Transitions

1. At the age of six Judith Jamison towered over her D二蠶•lt'i\•zjft.!~iq;f~~,1霽＇畸＇，畫／＼

classmates. D Jamisons par~nts, who wanted to A) NOCHANGE
complement their daughter's exceptional height with B) Jamisons parent's
C) Jamison's parents'
II grace, and they enroll叫 her in a classical ballet class D) Jamison's parents
at the Judimar School of Dance, where she studied
throughout her childhood. Jamison decided on a career in • ·:二，；：tLLJJ,I ;,.~~
dance only after three semesters of coursework in A) NOCHANGE
psychology at Fisk University, and she completed her B) grace, enrolling
C) grace-enrolled
education at the Philadelphia Dance II Academy in D) grace, enrolled
1964, she was spotted by choreographer Agnes de Mille,
who invited her to appear in a performance with the -~A~.ti氬料璆~,Ziff!~+d~};;1~;:i;,,己鸕~,a實，＇ ＇／＇／，鸝目
American Ballet Theater. Jamison moved to New York A) NOCHANGE
the followin. year, eventually joining the Alvin B) Academy. In 1964, she
C) Academy, in 1964, she
Ailey American Dance Theater.
D) Academy in 1964 she

IIIJ~t竺＼＼三 7'1"i\~:.: .:~逞二三三王，二二四司

A) NOCHANGE
B) year, but she eventually joined
C) year; and eventually joined
D) year, she eventually joined

2. When a person breaks a bone, it eventually knits

itself back together. 0 靼obio國。曲
a researcher at Delft University of Technology in the
--"=~~~ 三三電了2'J] 二三了言雲;~1
A) NOCHANGE
B) Microbiologist Henk Jonkers,
Netherlands, wondered why buildings couldn't do the
C) Microbiologist Henk Jonkers
same. Inspired by the human body, Jonkers created self- D) Microbiologist Henk Jonkers-
healing concrete. Concrete is filled with capsules of
limestone-producing bacteria along with calcium lactate.
When the concrete cracks, air and moisture prompt the A) NOCHANGE
bacteria to consume the calcium II lfil;.皿e, they con四1 B) lactate, they convert it to calcite-
it to calcite, an ingredient in limestone. The cracks are C) lactate and convert it to calcite,
D) lactate, and this being converted to calcite,
sealed, and the concrete is stabilized.
 This innovation could solve a longstanding problem
with II g}llcrete; the worklli_ most common construction A) NO CHANGE
B) concrete the worlds'
material. Concrete often develops micro-cracks during
C) concrete- the worlds
the construction process. These tiny cracks don't
D) concrete, the world's

immediately affect a building's structural integrity, but
they can lead to leakage problems that can corrode the
II 啊crete's steel reinforcements, ultimately causing a
collapse. With the self-healing technology, cracks can be
sealed immediately, preventing future leaks and costly
long-term damage. The bacteria can lie dormant for up to
--
A ) NO CHANGE
B) concretes steel reinforcement's,
C) concretes steel reinforcements,
D) concrete's steel reinforcements;

two II centuries, Far lonier than the lifespan of most

buildings constructed today.
A) NO CHANGE
B) centuries-far longer
C) centuries; far longer
D) centuries far longer,

3. Perhaps the ocean organism most vulnerable to

二｀｀｀｀｀＼讜喊鎃疇罈閾
temperature change is coral. There is evidence that reefs
A) NO CHANGE
will bleach-that is, eject algae that play a key role in B) ecosystems at even
maintaining their D ecosystems, at even a slight C) ecosystems-at even
D) ecosystems; at even
persistent increase in temperature. Bleaching slows coral
growth, makes it susceptible to disease, and can lead to
large-scale reef destruction. Other organisms affected by
temperature change include II krill, it is a v~ry
important lin~at the base of the food chain. Research has
- I
~,,
鼻
,,

A) NO CHANGE
[·

B) krill , a very important link

C) krill, being a very important link
三

shown that krill reproduce in significantly smaller
numbers when ocean temperatures rise . The resulting
decrease in the krill population can have a cascading
effect by disrupting the life cycle of krill II eaters such
as: pen2uins an(l sealli, which in tum causes food
shortages for predators higher up on the food chain.
D) krill, and this is a very important link
A) NO CHANGE
B) eaters; such as penguins and seals,
C) eaters - such as penguins and seals
D) eaters, such as penguins and seals,
 ,- 7
4. We inhabit a world of bridges. For thousands of
D years. travelers_, 血嘔蛔坦噩麟硨嶧
皿~have been finding ingenious ways to do so. From
•=A) NOCHA NGE
.,.
.ii.

B) years, travelers who needed to cross bodies

Fa

of water,
the 3,000-year-old Arkadik o bridge in Greece to the
C) years, travelers who needed to cross bodies
brand new 26.4-mile structure connecting the Chinese of water
port city of Quindao to II 虹 suburbs, bridges are D) years; travelers who needed to cross bodies
of water
everywhere. The simples t type of bridge can be created
m
by dragging a log over a creek, but the construction of
modem bridges typically requires years of II~u ca~
國 architects, enginee rs, and artists may spend a

decade or more working together to design a single

. A) NOCHA NGE
B) they're
C) it's
D) its
structure.
_
- A) NOCHA NGE
B) education. Today,
C) education today,
E
" "
二

D) education today

5.

the D
In the world of airliners, bigger means better. The
dawn of the jet age in the 1950s brought in the likes of
Boeing 707; an aircraft capabk of carrying more
- A) NOCHA NGE
B) Boeing 707, and it was an aircraft capable,
C) Boeing 707, an aircraft capable
passengers more quickly than any propeller-driven D) Boeing 707, it was an aircraft capable
design. Since that time, airliners have grown larger and
larger. The sight of an Airbus A380 can still create great
excitement. The II 叨ormous double-decker pl 霏 can
seat over 800 people. While the Airbus 380 is the largest
•• A) NOCHA NGE
B) enormous, double-decker, plane
: .·, 一
, , ·-...·,_ '"·"'.' •. ·•--:--~-•.-
·;..
... _.._-,
. ,·...·,
'

passenger-carrying aircraft ever I I ill血 it is dw紅國 C) enormous double-decker plane,

D) enormous double-decker plane-
by another design that may someday take to the skies.
With three decks for passengers, the AWWA Sky Whale
n -:-'",,,.'-f,~--尹'~°'*;...--:--/>F:鬥鬥言三；严－二三L可
looks like a cross between a tropical fish and a space
A) NOCHA NGE
shuttle from a science-fiction movie.
B) built, it is dwarfed
C) built, but it is dwarfed
D) built it is dwarfed,
 Exercise: Subject-Verb A greement and Tense

1. Each July, one of the world's largest folk-art

0 1r-~: 芒『＾｀，繹龘~嚀．．．麟．．鬱．已立．氬1~1
festivals D 亨 together artists from every comer of A) NOCHANGE
the globe for a vast and colorful international bazaar. For B) bringing
C) brought
several weeks, more than 200 artists from 60 countries
D) brings
gather to offer handmade masterworks. The festival is
located in Santa Fe, a destination rich in culture and
鬮尸＇亡鸝_, fl,:,:,~~~;,勺［卿鷸薑·~
history. The work of master artists 量·血~the walls as
A) NOCHANGE
market-goers are given the opportunity to find one-of-a- B) have lined
kind treasures and meet their creators. C) lining
D) line

2. Kite-flying has a long history in Japan: according to

~
legend, the first kites D were flying nearly 1,400 years A) NOCHANGE
ago. Since that time, kite-flying D had remained a B) flown
C) were flown
delightful tradition. Kites are made from a bamboo
D) had flew
framework and layers of washi paper-paper made by
hand in the traditional style. Colorful narrative
- ·~~ ］二,;·J\::,};學辜疇鸝；．．；羣鸞·-畔郿ij
illustrations and legendary heroes from Japanese folklore
A) NOCHANGE
II 喦corate_5_ their surfaces. Every region of the country B) would have remained
has its own distinct kite design, with more than 130 C) will remam
varieties in all. For this reason, there is no single design D) has remained

that 囯I~typical of Japanese kites.

- ~~J~~\:;:;1,:'dij、， ~F笠7暠縊泠:~~三可
汀灊｀｀嚀鬱
A) NOCHANGE
B) decorate
C) decorating
D) has decorated

Ill
A) NOCHANGE
B) will be
C) is
D) had been
3. In a village at the edge of the rainforest, the skilled
A) NOCHANGE
and nimble fingers of an old woman 囯＇缸晦 fabric
B) will bend
and straw into graceful baskets. The baskets are the
C) bend
perfect size to hold papayas, but they II~ D) has bent
centuries of craft and tribal identity. Basket weaving is
one of the most widespread crafts in history: it originated ~ ",~r,-璽，二蠶，~~禱鸞二嚀璽
in the Middle East around 7 ,000 years ago and spread to A) NOCHANGE
every continent except Antarctica. The preservation of B) would also hold
ancient baskets II 諡 difficult, however, because C) would have also held
D) are also holding
most items are made of natural materials like wood,
grass, and vines, which decay rapidly. As a result,
much of the history of basket making 量I would be 111.11',i
A) NOCHANGE
lost. On the other hand, weaving techniques, which
B) are
are often passed along from generation to generation, C) were
匿·區s been preserved throughout the centuries and D) being
are still being expanded upon today.

Ill'~
A) NOCHANGE
B) has been
C) will have been
D) would have been

-二二！ '
A) NOCHANGE
B) have been preserved
C) is preserved
D) preserved
4. As the world's first supersonic passenger jet, the
Concorde was regarded as a marvel of engineering. Most A) NOCHANGE
jets fly at maximum speeds of about 550 miles per hour, B) gone
C) will go
but the Concorde 0 啊d have~頤 more than two
D) went
times as fast-double the speed of sound. During its 27
years of service, the world's fastest commercial aircraft
transported passengers across the Atlantic ocean in only
two hours.
Although the Concorde was retired in 2003, a plane
that is capable of flying halfway around the world in a A) NOCHANGE
mere four hours might soon exist. For engineers, B) were
eliminating sonic booms II have been one of the C) is
D) are
biggest challenges involved in building the new craft.
Airplanes that break the sound barrier are extremely
loud, so they must be flown primarily over water.
Engineers claim, however, that they have found a way of A) NOCHANGE
reducing the amount of noise the planes II 皿 The B) has made.
solution involves thinner wings and hidden engines. C) making.
D) make.
Moreover, lightweight materials and innovative engine
technology D fill暉 the plane to fly twice as fast as the
-蟲辶 丶 三
Concorde.
A) NOCHANGE
B) has allowed
C) is allowing
D) allows