Students Name: ALEJANDRE, ANNE REYAH C.

Course/Section: HRMGT - 3101

Subject: Ged 107 – Ethics

ACTIVITY NO. 2:

VIDEO NO. 1:

This video explains the definition of moral dilemmas and the types of moral dilemmas.
As stated in the video, moral dilemmas are situations where persons are forced to choose
between two or more conflicting options, neither of which resolves the situation in a morally
acceptable manner. For example, Pedro was just working at his computer desk when he received
a phone call from his neighborhood, telling him that her sister had been in an accident and
needed a blood transfusion in only 10 minutes or she would be in critical condition. The hospital
is located nearby his workplace and glad to say that they have the same blood type.
Unfortunately, while running down the street, he came across a dog that had been injured and
needed medical treatment or the dog would die shortly. He was the first person who sees the dog
and if he thinks to just run away, there’s a lot of people who will think that he just disregarded
the dog. And he is also a religious man and knows that the Bible says “righteous man cares about
his animal’s health. At that time, Pedro is having a moral dilemma and must choose between
rescuing a street dog or going to the hospital for her sister's emergency accident. He needs to
make a decision that he knows will give a negative impact on him if he chose the other one.

In addition, the video also discusses the types of moral dilemmas: Epistemic Ontological
Dilemmas; Self-imposed and World-imposed Dilemmas; Obligation Dilemmas and Prohibitions
Dilemmas; and Single Agent and Multi-person Dilemmas. These four types of dilemmas are also
referring to when two core values come into conflict and must decide between two right actions.
VIDEO NO. 2:

The second video went over the three levels of moral dilemmas which are systemic
(macro-level), organizational (company level), and individual dilemmas. The first level, which is
systemic, refers to general and universal ethical standards that apply to everyone within the
system. Consider the current pandemic that we are all witnessing. This is a problem that affects
all of us, including the government. For the sake of our country's overall well-being, we must
work together. If one or two people simply ignore the situation and do not comply with and
follow the rules or laws, one or more people may suffer, or worse, the entire system/country may
be jeopardized as a result of the people's indifference and lack of cooperation. On the other side,
at the organizational or company level, it is about the ethical standards that are embedded in the
organization's policies and procedures. The ethical standards are only applicable to those who
work for the organization. The organization of police officers is an example of this. You have no
right as a police officer to use your position to discriminate against others, and you ought to
protect the lives and property of citizens. As a result, you cannot force others to do what you
want for them, and you do not have the authority to just arrest innocent people for your own
benefit. You must be a role model for the public, a police officer who will not break the law and
maintain society's peace and order. Lastly, the individual level refers to an individual's ethical
standards. It means you have a set of ethical standards that differs from the organization's, which
might cause conflict. On the individual level, you don't actually care what other people say; you
just believe and do what is best for you. Just like in a workplace, there will be a time that your
ethical standards are not the same as others. Those ethical standards may be followed by them,
but it is against you. You simply do what you think is best for everyone.

VIDEO NO. 3:

This video emphasizes ethical organization. It refers to the code of conduct that
employees of an organization must adhere to. However, it may also lead to unethical manners
because, in an ethical organization, we make decisions that will benefit us as an individual but do
harm to the organization. For example, let's say you're a graduate of a course you really didn't
want to do and have been unemployed for more than three years since you're the type of person
who doesn't value work. But then you discover that your cousin works for a company in your
city. You take advantage of the situation to ask your cousin to refer you to their HR manager.
Your cousin agreed, and you were eventually hired. You know in yourself that you are not well
enough to fit in the organization, but you just take this opportunity to make money. It may be
beneficial to you now, but the firm may require your expertise at some point in the future, and
you will be unable to provide them, which will reflect negatively on the company.

VIDEO NO. 4:

The video is all about a dilemma, moral dilemma, and what makes a dilemma different
from other problematic situations. The video defines a dilemma as a situation in which a person
is forced to make a decision between two or more conflicting options. Remember that if you are
not forced to decide between two or more conflicting options, you are not in a dilemma, but
rather in a problematic situation. For example, your idol is having the last concert in your city.
You've never met her before, and this is your only chance to see her perform. Unfortunately, the
day of the concert also happened to be the day of your midterm exam. You know your teacher
will not accept any excuses for missing the exam, but you also don't want to miss your idol's last
performance. You're now torn between the two options and aren't sure which is best for you.

On the other hand, a moral dilemma is when dilemmas involve human actions which
have moral implications meaning that the action is either morally good or bad. For example, you
are a police officer and believe that killing is morally evil. However, there’s an operation you
must conduct and know that something worst might happen and that is you may kill anyone in
the operation. You are a religious person and the operation was so big that you couldn't possibly
avoid any harm. You are worried about deciding whether to do your job and protect everyone or
to kill anyone in the said operation. In that case, it is really important to understand the
conditions to make a moral dilemma. You are obliged to make a decision about which course of
action is best and no matter what course of action is taken, some moral principles are always
compromised.
VIDEO NO. 5:

The fifth video talks about different kinds of workplace ethical dilemmas and understands
a working definition of business ethics and applies it to everyday situations. We must know that
ethical dilemmas are everywhere. The workplace provides no shortage of ethical dilemmas to
test your ethical decision-making skills. Some ethical dilemmas are issues of conscience while
others come from outside your sphere of influence. The dilemmas that are issues of conscience,
such as when you lie to have sick or go to your work team building or whether to inform your
supervisor that the dish that she prepares for the team isn’t really delicious or just let it go. On
the other hand, some dilemmas arise outside of our sphere of influence, such as when an
employee is being isolated and discriminated against because of her appearance, and she is torn
to cover up the company's mismanagement. This may not be easy because we have strong needs
and feelings as well as the ability to rationalize and make excuses to get what we want. But keep
in mind that we do have the freedom of choice to make the wrong or right decision.

VIDEO NO. 6:

The last video addresses how to analyze an ethical dilemma. It stated that the first thing
we must consider is to identify the facts and concepts. We must understand that our concepts and
values may affect the way we interpret the facts. Also, we must identify all dilemmas or
problems; this will allow us to see how our own moral and ethical dilemma is caused by other
people's conduct. For instance, your coworker's ethical issue is whether to expose their auditor's
wrongdoings in auditing documents and expenses or to keep her mouth shut for the sake of
everyone's peace. In that case, we must consider that every choice has a consequence and we
must decide based on the most immediate moral or ethical facing an individual. We must identify
and find ways to deal with them responsibly. It may be simple to apply this ethical analysis to
our lives in order to determine the right thing to do, but difficult to do when there are such great
costs.