NAMA :SILMI AWALYA

KELAS :XII MIPA 4

TUGAS :BAHASA INGGRIS

 Mammatus Clouds

Mammatus comes from the Latin mamma which translates to “udder” or “breast”. Their
striking appearance is most visible when the sun is low in the sky and their pouches are framed
by the sunlight. This supplementary feature is a firm favourite with many meteorologists as well
as cloud and photography enthusiasts.

Mammatus clouds are some of the most unusual and distinctive clouds formations with a series
of bulges or pouches emerging from the base of a cloud. The shape of mammatus formations
can vary widely; from the classic protruding shape, to a more elongated tube hanging from the
cloud above.

Mammatus clouds are usually formed in association with large cumulonimbus clouds. Typically,
turbulence within the cumulonimbus cloud will cause mammatus to form, especially on the
underside of the projecting anvil as it rapidly descends to lower levels. This reverses the usual
cloud-forming process of upward growth, making for an uneven cloud base.

Mammatus often forms in association with Cumulonimbus clouds, which in turn bring
thunderstorms due to their huge mass of unstable air. Mammatus cloud generally form in the
most unstable cumulonimbus, meaning that there is also a chance of hail, heavy rain and
lightning in the vicinity, and if the air is cold enough during winter they can produce snow.
Sometimes mammatus may form on other cloud types which produce no rain, though this is far
less common.

Mammatus usually form on the base of a cumulonimbus anvil, but they have also been sighted
to form on other cloud types, such as stratocumulus, altostratus and altocumulus. Mammatus
have also been observed to form on the underside of volcanic ash clouds.