 Use a Venn diagram to compare and contrast

sexual and asexual reproduction

Offspring Type of Budding
Diverse Reproduction 1 parent
Uniform Identical 2 parents
Trait Different Flowers

Asexual Sexual
Both
 Use a Venn diagram to compare and contrast
sexual and asexual reproduction
Offspring Type of Budding
Diverse Reproduction 1 parent
Uniform Identical 2 parents
Trait Different Flowers

Asexual Sexual
Both
Uniform Offspring Diverse

Identical Trait Different

Type of 2 parents
Budding
Reproduction
1 parent Flowers
 Task
◦ Heredity Notes
◦ Heredity Practice

 Goal
◦ I can define heredity.
◦ I can explain the location of genetic
material.
◦ I can use vocabulary to describe how
traits are passed on from parent to
offspring.
Genetics – Study
of how traits are
inherited by
offspring

Offspring – result of
reproduction; children
or young of a parent
Heredity – the passage of
genetic instructions from one
generation to the next
Generation – parents are a
generation, their offspring are
the next generation
 Define heredity.
◦The passing of genetic
material from generation
to generation
Genetic Material – are
instructions for inherited traits
Trait – characteristic passed
from parent to offspring; eye
color, face shape
Gene – a section of DNA that codes
for a specific trait
DNA – (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
• Looks like a twisted ladder,
scientist call it a “double helix”
• Makes up a chromosome
Chromosomes – are made up of DNA
• In asexual reproduction a parent cell makes
an exact copy of their chromosomes to pass
on: offspring are uniform
• In sexual reproduction each parent cell copies
their chromosomes, but only donates half of
the chromosomes to pass on: offspring are
diverse
• Humans have 46 or 23 pair of chromosomes
In eukaryotic cells the genetic material
is found in the nucleus
All cells have
genetic material
Traits are
governed in the
genetic material
found: genes 
DNA 
chromosomes 
nucleus
 Explain
where genetic
material is located in
eukaryotic cells.
◦Genes  DNA 
Chromosome  Nucleus
Gregor Mendel – known as the “father
of genetics” because during his
research with pea plants he wrote the
Law of Dominance
Allele - scientist use
letters to represent
traits that are passed
on: basically you
receive one allele from
each parent
• Some traits are
governed by multiple
alleles
Genotype – the actual genetic makeup
found on a chromosome; scientist represent
genotype as letters; can be RR, Rr, rr
Dominant – represented by a capital letter
and are ALWAYS shown because they
mask other traits: always written first: RR or
Rr
Recessive – represented by a lowercase
letter and can only be seen when they are
all that is present: rr
Homozygous / Purebred – alleles in
a gene pair are the same RR or ee

Heterozygous / Hybrid – alleles in a

gene pair are different Ee

Phenotype – physical characteristic

shown: round, wrinkled, green
Probability – possibility that something will
take place
Punnett Square – model created by
Reginald Punnett, used by scientist to
predict traits of an offspring
Step One Step Two

Step Three Step Four

Round is dominant to wrinkled in pea shape.
Show the cross for parents that are both
heterozygous…. Different alleles Rr

R r
R
r
Round is dominant to wrinkled in pea shape.
Show the cross for parents that are both
heterozygous…. Different alleles Rr

R r
R
r
Round is dominant to wrinkled in pea shape.
Show the cross for parents that are both
heterozygous…. Different alleles Rr

R r
R RR Rr
r Rr rr
 Cross Bb (top) with bb (side).
 List the % of offspring.