ADDITIONAL TOPIC IN NSTP-CWTS:

LEADERSHIP

Leadership- Is one of the highly regarded qualities of an individual to be

successful in life it is also an important aspect of leading and managing
effectively.

Principles of leaderships

1. Take responsibilities of your actions- a leader must take responsibilities for

both his actions and those of his subordinates.

2. Know yourself and seek self improvement- apply your knowledge of

human behavior in an honest self analysis.

3. Set the example- be a model and exemplary leader.

4. Seek responsibility and develop a sense of responsibility among your

subordinates- a true leader does not shirk responsibility.

5. Insure that the job is understood- proper understanding and supervision of

a task to help ensure the accomplishment of anything desired.

6. Know your men and look for their welfare- a leader understanding and
knowing his man has some advantages.

7. Keep your men informed- the Filipino soldier will work harder and will
cooperate more effectively if he understands why.

8. Employ your command in accordance with its capabilities- a sign

objectives that are possible of attainment.

9. Train your men as a team- a team fails or succeeds only if every member
does his share of the job.
 10. Make a sound and timely decision – the ability to make a rapid estimate
of the situation and arrive at a sound and timely decision is necessary in
order to take advantage of opportunities as they occur.

11. Know your job- knowledge of your job helps you to make sure of yourself
and commands the respect of your men.

Virtues as foundation of leadership

1. Prudence- the habit which enables man to direct his actions to human life
goal of knowing the right thing to do and applying it.
2. Justice- the habit of giving each one his/ her due with constant and
personal will.
3. Fortitude- the habit of overcoming the difficulties and pressures of life in
the pursuit of good.
4. Temperance- the habit of bringing the desires and natural inclinations of
man under his control of right reasons.
5. Industry- the habit of working hard and working perseveringly under
pressure.
6. Loyalty- the habit of remaining true to your friends.
7. Responsibility- the habit of being accountable for ones actions.
8. Cheerfulness- the habit of being optimistic, positive thinking, seeing
always the bright side of the things.
9. Generosity- the habit of sharing the good that one has with other people.
10. Magnanimity- the habit of nurturing noble ideas and ambitions of doing
good.

Characteristic of a good leader

1. Integrity of character- the word is synonymous to honor. It is a fine sense of

ethics, justice and righteousness with a readiness to apply it to one’s own
conduct.
2. Willingness to accept the responsibilities- acceptance of responsibilities
signifies a desire to lead and this desires is strengthened by increasing
interest.
Qualities of a good leader

1. Knowledge- this refers to the acquired knowledge of the profession not

only in the job.
2. Bearing- this is dignity in appearance and behavior.
3. Courage- ability to accept or meet challenges.
4. Endurance- mental and physical stamina to stand pain and hardships.
5. Enthusiasm- this is the higher degree of interest and sensitivity in
responding to the needs of the organization.
6. Integrity- a good moral character and impeccable integrity.
7. Decisiveness- is the ability to decide promptly and correctly.
8. Dependability- is the ability to demonstrate higher degree of initiative.
9. Initiative- is the ability to start originates an idea and suggestion.
10. Judgment- is the power of the mind to weight various factors and arrived
at a sound decision.
11. Justice- is the ability to render judgment to conform to the principles of
reasons.
12. Loyalty- is the sincerity and faithfulness to the ideals of the organization.
13. Tact- is the ability to deal with others without giving offense.
14. Unselfishness- is the avoidance of providing for one’s own.
15. Force- is the ability to demonstrate efficacious power within the bounds of
law.
16. Humility- is the state of being reasonable modest and not proud.
17. Humor- is the mental disposition to appreciate amusing incidents of every
life in a comical way.
18. Sympathy- refers to the ability to understand and share the feelings of
another.
19. Empathy- is the ability to wear someone else’s shoes; intellectual and
emotional.
20. Wit- this refers to keen perception and appropriate expression of assuming
words and ideals which awaken amusement and pleasure.
Leadership - Bureaucratic Style

The Bureaucratic Leadership Style was one of three leadership styles

described by Max Weber (1947). The bureaucratic leadership style is based on
following normative rules and adhering to lines of authority. The Bureaucratic
Leader is actually not even considered by modern management to be
leadership at all and often distinguish it in the literature as “management” VS
“leadership”. Bureaucratic leadership is where the manager manages “by the
book¨. This manager is really more of a police officer than a leader. He or she
equates enforcing the rules as effective “leadership”...

If it isn’t covered by the book, the Bureaucratic Leader refers to the next
level above him or her. You will often find this leadership role in a situation where
the work environment is dangerous and specific sets of procedures are
necessary to ensure safety.

The characteristics of the bureaucratic style include:

 This style of leadership follows a close set of standards. Leaders impose strict
and systematic discipline on the followers and demand business-like conduct
in the workplace
 Everything must be done according to procedure or policy and if there is no
firm policy then additional administrative structures and procedures must be
implemented.
 Leaders are empowered via the office they hold - position power and to
ensure everything is done in an exact, specific way to ensure safety and/or
accuracy.
 Followers are promoted based on their ability to conform to the rules of the
office
 Follower should obey leaders because authority is bestowed upon the leader
as part of their position in the company

Weber was the first to distinguish between Transforming style of leaders

and bureaucratic leaders. Weber also believed that most leaders exhibited
multiple characteristics of all three styles in their day to day managerial activities
and use different styles based on the situation and the employee’s attitude.

Benefits of Bureaucratic Leadership

In the working world bureaucratic leadership skills would be best

utilized in jobs such as construction work, chemistry-related jobs that involve
working with hazardous material, or jobs that involve working with large
amounts of money. In school work, you may find that bureaucratic
 leadership skills are necessary when working on a group project for a science
class. Precision is key in a science project, and meticulous notes are essential.
A natural bureaucratic leader will tend to create detailed instructions for
other members of a group. This type of leader would also be very successful
working in student government roles.

This style can be effective when:

 Employees are performing routine tasks over and over and need to
understand certain regulatory standards or safety procedures.
 Employees are working with dangerous or delicate equipment that
requires a definite set of procedures to operate especially where safety or
security training is critical
 Employees are performing tasks that require handling cash of financial
activities of a detailed nature where even seemingly minor errors could be
significant.

This style is ineffective when:

 Work habits and processes need to adapt to new “best practices” but the
old ways of doing things are hard to break, even if they are clearly no
longer useful.
 Employees lose their interest in their jobs and in their fellow workers.
 Employees are at work because they absolutely need the pay but dislike
their day to day work activities and perform their role with little emotional
engagement.
 Employees only motivated to do the absolute minimal expected of them
and no more … even the opportunity for additional overtime that
generates additional personal income is seen as an intrusion.

Typical Behavioral Factors/Competencies

Establishes Order
Demonstrates Community Consciousness
Focus on Results
Demonstrates Character
Drives Achievement

Laissez-Faire Leadership Style

The laissez-faire leadership style is also known as the “hands-off¨ style. It is

one in which the manager provides little or no direction and gives employees as
much freedom as possible. All authority or power is given to the employees and
they must determine goals, make decisions, and resolve problems on their own.
Laissez-faire ("let do") Leadership

It works when:

 Employees are highly skilled, experienced, and educated.

 Employees have pride in their work and the drive to do it successfully on
their own.
 Outside experts, such as staff specialists or consultants are being used
 Employees are trustworthy and experienced.

This style should not be used when:

On the other hand this type of style is also associated with leaders that don’t
lead at all, failing in supervising team members, resulting in lack of control
and higher costs, bad service or failure to meet deadlines:

 It makes employees feel insecure at the unavailability of a manager.

 The manager cannot provide regular feedback to let employees know
how well they are doing.
 Managers are unable to thank employees for their good work.
 The manager doesn’t understand his or her responsibilities and is hoping
the employees can cover for him or her.

Typical Behavioral Factors/Competencies

Establishes Order
Demonstrates Character
Demonstrates Strategic Vision

Leadership Styles
Leadership style is the manner and approach of providing direction,
implementing plans, and motivating people. There are normally three styles
of leadership.

Authoritarian (autocratic)
This style is used when the leader tells her employees what she wants
done and how she wants it done, without getting the advice of her followers.
 Participative (democratic)
This is normally used when you have part of the information, and your
employees have other parts. Note that a leader is not expected to know
everything. Using this style is of mutual benefit -- it allows them to become
part of the team and allows you to make better decisions.

Delegative (free reign)

This is used when employees are able to analyze the situation and
determine what needs to be done and how to do it. This is not a style to use
so that you can blame others when things go wrong, rather this is a style to
be used when you have the full trust and confidence in the people below
you. Do not be afraid to use it, however, use it wisely!

FORCES

A good leader uses all three styles, depending on what forces are
involved between the followers, the leader, and the situation.

Leadership is influencing people -- by providing purpose, direction, and

motivation -- while operating to accomplish the mission and improving the
organization.

 Charm and grace are all that is needed to create followers.

 Self-belief is a fundamental need of leaders.
 People follow others that they personally admire.

It is interesting to watch a Charismatic Leader 'working the room' as they

move from person to person. They pay much attention to the person they are
talking to at any one moment, making that person feel like they are, for that
time, the most important person in the world.

Charismatic Leaders pay a great deal of attention in scanning and

reading their environment.
Charismatic Leaders use

 Vision and articulation;

 Sensitivity to the environment;
 Sensitivity to member needs;
 Personal risk taking;
 Performing unconventional behaviour.

A good leader give others credit after successes but taking personal
responsibility for failures.

TYPES OF NEEDS

Maslow believed that these needs are similar to instincts and play a major
role in motivating behavior. Physiological, security, social, and esteem needs are
deficiency needs (also known as D-needs), meaning that these needs arise do
to deprivation. Satisfying these lower-level needs is important in order to avoid
unpleasant feelings or consequences.

Physio logical Needs

These include the most basic needs that are vital to survival

Security Needs
These include needs for safety and security.

Social Needs
These include needs for belonging, love and affection.

Esteem Needs
These include the need for things that reflect on self-esteem, personal
worth

Self – actualizing Needs

This is the highest level of Maslow´s hierarchy of needs. Self – actualizing
people are self-aware, concerned with personal growth, less concerned with
the options of others, and interested fulfilling their potential.
Tips for Management Success

The most important issue in management success is being a person that

others want to follow. Every action you take during your career in an
organization helps determine whether people will one day want to follow you.

 Communicates effectively in person, print and email.

 Listening and two-way feedback characterize his or her interaction with

others.

 Builds the team and enables other staff to collaborate more effectively with
each other. People feel they have become more - more effective, more
creative, more productive - in the presence of a team builder.

 Understands the financial aspects of the business and sets goals and
measures and documents staff progress and success.

 Knows how to create an environment in which people experience positive

morale and recognition and employees are motivated to work hard for the
success of the business.

 Leads by example and provides recognition when others do the same.

 Helps people grow and develop their skills and capabilities through
education and on-the-job learning.
 Activity 8

LEADERSHIP

Name:______________________________________ Yr/Cr/Section:________________

Instruction: Answer the following questions briefly and submit your answer to your
coordinator!

1. For you, what is a good leader? (15 pts)

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2. Answer the given situation.

You are chosen to become a leader in a certain activity in your school. The
problem is that your members are not following your orders; instead they are doing
what they want. What actions you will make them follow you? (15 pts)

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3. Make an illustration about a community without a leader. (20pts)