College of Applied Engineering

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Mechanics of Machinery Project Report

About
ADJUSTABLE SLIDE DRIVE MECHANISM

Supervision
Dr. Mahir Essaheb

Submitted by
Student. Rashid Jazzy Alotaibi
Academic No. 435170326
1- Introduction
slider mechanism
Slider mechanisms is arrangement of
mechanical parts designed to convert
straight-line motion to rotary motion, as in a
reciprocating piston engine, or to convert
rotary motion to straight-line motion, as in a
reciprocating piston pump.

Single Slider Crank Shaft mechanism

2. Whitworth Quick Return Motion

The Whitworth quick return mechanism converts
rotary motion into reciprocating motion, but
unlike the crank and slider, the forward
reciprocating motion is slower rate than the return
stroke. This is why it is called quick return
mechanism.

2.1 Work theory

This mechanism is made of a driving crank and of a Whitworth Quick Return Mechanism

driven slider crank. In the considered configuration, the fixed pivot of the driven crank is located on
the outside of the circle on which the end of the
driving crank moves. This leads to an alternated
motion of the slider crank.

The angular speed of the driven crank is variable.

The duration of the motion for its part corresponding
to the blue arc is shorter than the one related to the
red arc. This is why this device is named quick return Whitworth Quick Return Mechanism
mechanism, which was used in crank shapers, with theMotion
slow part or the stroke being used for the
working time of the tool and the quick part for the non-productive
2.2 Kinematic pairs
The relative motion between the two o links of a pair can take different forms, Three types
of pairs are known a Lower pairs and these are the frequently occurring ones:-
• Sliding : such as occurs between a piston and cylinder
• Turning : such as occurs with the wheel on an axle.
• Screw Motion : such as occurs between a nut and a bolt.
All other cases are considered to be combinations of sliding and rolling and are called
higher pairs. strictly screw motion is a higher pair as it combines turning and sliding.

3. Applications

Shaping machine Power driven Saw machine Rotary engines

4. Slider Crank Mechanism

The slider - crank mechanism is well known as the basis of a reciprocating engine. As shown in the
diagram below it contains of three turning pairs and one sliding pair.
In the previous diagram the link 1 is fixed. If we now fix link 2, that is consider an inversion of the
slider - crank mechanism we obtain the mechanism below. This is known as Whitworth's Quick
Return.

5. Whitworth (Quick return) Mechanism

The Below diagram shows the mechanism as used on the apparatus. Link 1 on the top diagram is
extended to point A. Attached to point A is another link with a pivot. The other end of this link
terminates in a slider. In a machine tool where this mechanism is used the cutting tool is attached to
this slider.

The link POA rotates about O. The mechanism is driven by crank PC which rotates about C with
constant velocity. The slider at P slides along POA as the crank is turned. Its path is shown by the
dashed circle, centered on C and through P. Clearly when P is at P1, the slider S is at the outer
extremity of its travel. When P is at P2, the slider S is at the inner extremity of its travel.

Now as PC rotates with constant velocity the time taken to go from Pı to P2, is less than that taken to
go from P2 to P1. However during both those time intervals the slider S is moving the same distance.
Therefore the speed of S is different during the different parts of the cycle. During the shorter time
interval P1 to P2 the slider S has the greater speed.
and during the interval P2 to P, it has the slower speed. Thus P1 to P2 is the quick return and P2 to
P1, the slower cutting stroke.

When applied to a metal cutting machine (a shaping machine) the other advantage of the mechanism
is the variable power distribution during the cycle. When S is on the return stroke the slider at P is
nearer to O and simple moments shows that the torque applied is low. Hence the return stroke uses
less power as P = T. ω.

During the cutting stroke the slider at P is at a greater radius from O and thus more power is available
to perform useful work in cutting metal.

Thus the overall performance of the mechanism is to provide a high power forward cutting stroke
with a low power and higher speed quick return in preparation for the next cut.

6. Kinematic Analysis of the Whitworth Quick Return Mechanism

Kinematic Analysis of the Quick Return Mechanism

 REFERENCES and Resources

1. Myszka, David (2012). Machines and Mechanisms: Applied Kinematic Analysis. New Jersey:
Pearson Education.
2. Design of Machinery 3/e, Robert L. Norton, 2 May 2003, McGraw Hill.
3. J. M. McCarthy and G. S. Soh, Geometric Design of Linkages, 2nd Edition, Springer 2010.
4. https://www.mekanizmalar.com/simple_whitworth_quick_return_mechanism.html
5. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rotary_engine.gif
6. https://www.britannica.com/technology/slider-crank-mechanism
7. https://technologystudent.com/equip1/phcksw1.htm
8. https://www.pinterest.com/pin/420664421427119811/?autologin=true