GROUP 2

Name :
1. Princess Mae Baday
2. Rukma Nur Kumalasari
3. Yuda Pratama
4. Nurul Aulia Fatma
5. Puput Dwi Krestanti
6. Putri Lestari
7. Ayu Widyaningsih
8. Tasya Wulandari
9. Febi Hendra Purnama
10. Mardiyah
Template SOTA for Amino Acid
No Type of Target/ Purpose Method/ Mechanism References
Amino Acids

1 Type 20, Used of reduced amino acid 74 types of reduced amino acid alphabet Zijie Sn and
Cluster 9 groups to identify types of ion were introduced friends,
(T= 20, C=9) channel targeted conotoxins 2020
in the
tripeptide
composition
(N=3)

2 L-type It aim to thoroughly investigate L- Type amino acid transporter 1 Aaro J.

amino acid the species differences in the (LAT1)- using the L-lysine analogue of Jalkanen
transporter 1 intra-brain distribution of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug and friends,
(LAT 1) compound 1 and in its capability (NSAID) ketoprofen (KPF) was 2021
to release KPF, which might lead distributed to the intracellular
to distinct PD response in mice compartment of the mouce brain, where
and rat 1 released KPF effficiently. The
increase in intracellular KPF delivery
obtained wit LAT1 utilization is
particularly important because the drug
target -- cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme
is located in the intracellular
compartment of the brain

3. 3-amino Utilized Ocotillol-type A total of 24 novel 3-amino acids Gangqiang

acids sapogenns ( OTS) as anti- derivatives of ocotillol-type sapogenes Yand and
derivatives inflammatory worthy of further were synthesized and evaluated friends,
of Ocotillol- preclinical evaluation including the structure-activity 2020
type relationships pertaining to their anti-
sapogenns inflammatory activity in vitro.
( OTS)

4 Hydrophobic Hydrophobic amino acids were Cryoprotective activities were compared Tomoka
amino acids required for Arabidopsis between AtHIRD11 and the Yokoyama,
 dehydrin activity as dehydrins corresponding mutant in which all 2020
show potent cryoprotective hydrophobic residues were changed to T
activities for freeze-sensitive (AtHIRD11/T) by using LDH
enzymes.

5 F-type lectin, Amino residues that support D- Glycan- binding profile of willd-type Shailza
(L-fucose) galctose recognition binding Ranaspumin-4 using hemagglutination Sharma and
Ranaspumin- sequence motif inhibition assays, flow cytometry assays friends,
4 (D- and enzyme-linked lectin assays, and 2020
galactose) identify residues important for D-
glucose recognition using site-directed
mutagenesis.Demonstrate that
Ranaspumin-4 bind to terminal D-
Galactose in a or B linkages with
preference for a1-3, q1-4, B1-3 and B1-
4 linkages. Further, they find that
methionine residue(M31) in
Ranaspumin-4 that occurs in place of a
connserved Gln residue, support D-
galactose recognition

6 Amino acid Along the human small intestine Duodenal samples, blood plasma and (Stefano
transporter urine were collected from 43 subjects Maric and
LAT4 undergoing routine friends,
gastroduodenoscopy. mRNA expression 2021)
of seven basolateral membrane amino
acid transporters/transporter subunits
were assessed by real-time PCR. Plasma
and urine amino acid concentrations of
citrulline, its precursors and other amino
acids were analysed using High
Performance Liquid Chromatography
measurements. Amino acid transporter
mRNA expression was correlated with
blood plasma and urine levels of
citrulline and its precursors using
Spearman's rank correlation. Likewise,
urine arginine was correlated with
plasma citrulline.

7 Amino acid A molecular target for cancer The inhibition of LAT1 suppresses (Yoshikatsu
transporter diagnosis and therapeutics protein synthesis by downregulating the Kanai,
LAT1 mTORC1 signaling pathway and 2021)
(SLC7A5) mobilizing the general amino acid
control (GAAC) pathway in cancer
cells. LAT1 is, thus, a candidate
molecular target for the diagnosis and
therapeutics of cancers. LAT1-mediated
amino acid signals
regulate growth factor signal-mediated
mTORC1 activation in an
“on/off” manner It is presumed to be a
 regulatory
mechanism that monitors amino acid
availability, allows input from
growth factor signals to pass through
mTORC1, and prevents excessive
protein synthesis without sufficient
amino acids

8 L-Type Utilizing prodrugs of perforin the distribution of two LAT1-utilizing Janne

amino acid inhibitors can accumulate into prodrugs of investigational perforin Tampio and
transporter 1 the pancreas and alleviate inhibitors into the pancreas was friends,
(LAT1) inflammation-induced apoptosis explored after intraperitoneal (i.p., 30 2021)
μmol/kg) bolus injection to mice. The
effects of prodrug 1 were also studied in
lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced in
vitro (50 μg/mL) and in vivo (250 μg/kg
x 3 days) apoptosis and pancreatitis
models by determining the cellular
apoptotic levels with human umbilical
vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and
pancreatic caspase-3/-7 activity in mice.
Furthermore, the biocompatibility of
prodrug 1 was explored in human
plasma and towards red blood cells.
According to the results, both prodrugs
were accumulated more effectively into
the pancreas than their parent drugs (in
addition to the brain that has been
previously reported). Prodrug 1 (30
μmol/kg) also decreased the pancreatic
caspase-3/-7 activity (52%) and with 2.5
μM concentration, the number of early
and late apoptotic cells (32–53%). Since
prodrug 1 was also found to be
hemocompatible and not affecting
human plasma hemostasis or inducing
hemolysis of erythrocytes at the
concentration <50 μM, it can be
considered biocompatible in systemic
circulation and ready to be studied in
the future as a dual-acting drug
candidate (in the pancreas and brain) in
diseases like T1DM with
neurodegenerative comorbidities.

9 L-Type Targeting LAT1 for Discuss how amino acids and their Keitaro
amino acid inflammatory disease & cancer transporters regulate immune cell Hayashi and
transporter 1 immunotherapy functions, with emphasis on LAT1, and friend,
further explore the possibility of
targeting amino acid transporter to
improved immune disorders and cancer
immune therapies. Methods include
 targetting LAT1 to control allergic
disease. Mecanisms for
immunosupression by LAT1 inhibator
using mTOR and ATF4 in regulating
cellular methabolism based on amino
acid availability. Nutrients and T cell
exhaustion by partail blocking of amino
acids transporter could enhance the
efficiency of cancer
immunonosuppresant effect by
modulating the tumor
microenvironment thus provide a
strategy to improve cancer
immunotheraphy.

10 L-type Correlation between glioma Immunohistochemistry (IHC) results Ahmad

amino acids markers and disease progression from 25 glioma samples were analyzed Faried MD.,
transporter-1 provide a basis for adjuvant semi-quantitatively. By WHO criteria, PhD and
(LAT-1) treatments. eleven specimens were diagnosed as friends,
grade II, 7 as grade III, and 7 as grade 2021
IV. Grade II was classified as a lower
grade gliom(LGG); grade III- IV
classified as high grade glioma (HGG)

11 Bioactive For Antioxidant and Biological Protein hydrolysates were prepared Priyatharini
peptides activities from shrimp discard, using various Ambigaipal
enzymes. Shell discards an and
hydrolysates(RSH) and isolated shrimp Fereidoon
Protein shell protein hydrolysates (SPH) exhibit Shahidi,
hydrolysates radical scavenging activities (ABTS, 2017
DPPH and hydroxyl), reducing power
and ferrous ion cheating ability. Shell
discard protein Hydrolysates undergo
ACE inhibitory activity and then
subjected to get filtration, mass
spectrometry and peptide sequencing.

12 D- Amino A new ribosomal translation Classified 19 D-amino acids into three Takayuki
acids system was devised for D- amino groups based oon the efficiency of their Katoh and
acid incorporation single incorporation by the FIT system. friends,
Optimization of translation conditions 2017
for Incorporation of consecutive D-
amino acids.In particular FIT system,
Ser, SerRs, and other amino
acids/aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase pair
not coded by the mRNA(mR1) were
removed, and instead D-alanyl-tRNA,
prepared using a flexizyme(dFx) added.
Preparation of Flexizyme and tRNA
prepared by extension of forward and
reverse extention primer pair, primer
(PCR) were purified by pheol and
ethanol precipitation. Activated d- and
 L- amino acids were synthesized.
Finally the translation of model peptides
to be carried out using the FIT system,
mass-spectrometric analysis and
performed in reflector

13 L-type Non- steroidal anti- Developed four I-type amino acid Janne
amino acids inflammatory drug can have transporter1 (LAT1)- utilizing prodrug Tampio et
transporter-1 protective effects in the brain by of flubiprofen, ibuprofen, naproxen and al. Int J
(LAT-1) inhibition of cyclooxygenases. ketoprofen. The cellular uptake and Pharm.
utilization of LAT1 by novel prodrugs 2021
were studied in mouse cortical primary
astrocytes and immortalized microglia
(BV2), and the release of the parent
(NSAID) in several tissue and cell
homogenates. Finally the effect of the
studied prodrugs on prostaglandin
production and cell viability were
explored

14 GlcN- amino GlcN-amino acids can produced GlcN- amino aciid caramels were Prinjiya
acids caramel with butterscoth aroma analyzed for a-dicarbonyl compounds, Dhungel et
and bioactivity. polyhydroxyalkyl pyrazines, al. 2020
heterocyclic compound and
alkylimidazoles. All the analyses
performed by using HPLC-MS/MS
followed by pooling the variables with
principal component analysis (PCA).
GlcN-Gly caramels generated the
greatest amount of butterscotch
aromatic compound diacetyl and
polyhydroxyalkyl
pyrazines(fructosazine and
deoxyfructosazine). the potentially
toxic heterocyclic compound, 5-
hydroxymethylfurfural(HMF) was
generated in greater amounts with the
GlcN- Arg caramels

15 D-Amino D-amino acids that founds in tea Method was developed for the analysis Yu Xu and
acids leaves of the enantiomers in tea leaved. After friends,
enriched by ion-exchange solid-phase 2020
extraction, the enantiomeric pairs were
separated by a chiral high performance
liquid chromatography(HPLC) and
subsequently detected and identified by
using a high resolution quadrupole time-
of-flight mass spectrometry(QTOF MS).