Traveller

Traveller is a tiny element which is used in ring spinning system , acts as the main of twist
imparter during yarn production. On the other word , it is also called the twisting element merely
responsible for twist impartion.It is a C-shaped, metal clip that revolves around the ring on a ring

FEATURES OF TRAELLER

1. Generate less heat

2. Dissipate heat fastly
3. Have sufficient elasticity for easy insertion and to retain its original shape after insertion
4. Friction between ring and traveller should be minimal
5. It should have excellent wear resistance for longer life
6. Hardness of the traveller should be less than the ring.

TYPES OF TRAVELLERS:

Travellers are of three types, they are:

1. OS -Type
2. C-Type
3. G-Type
Factors for Ring Traveller Selection :
1. Count of yarn to be spun
2. Fiber used in the yarn
3. Ring cup diameter
4. Spindle speed 
spinning frame. Itguides the yarn onto the bobbin as twist is inserted into the yarn

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The traveller allows the twisting and the correct delivery of the yarn on the bobbin. The take up
speed of the yarn, which corresponds to the difference between the peripheral speed of the
bobbin and the peripheral speed of the traveller, is equal to the peripheral speed of the delivery
cylinders of the drafting unit. The difference between spindle rpm and the traveler rpm, within a
specific unit of time, gives the number of coils deposited on the bobbin within a specific unit of
time. Therefore, with the same spindle speed, the traveller rpm increases along with the bobbin
diameter while the number of coils wound on the bobbin decreases. 

When the traveller rotates the high contact pressure between the ring and the traveller creates
huge friction forces that generate heat; the traveller can reach temperatures exceeding 200 ÷
300 °C since its small mass does not allow a quick transfer of the heat to the air or to the ring.
For this reason, significant improvements in ring spinning can be hardly achieved with the
materials currently available, since the speed of the traveller has apparently reached its
maximum limit (approx. 33 ÷ 35 m/sec for steel travellers and 45 ÷ 47 m/s for nylon-glass fibre
travellers). This is why the traveller used for producing a specific type of yarn must feature the
most suitable shape, mass, material, finish and cross section. To reach the highest speeds, the
shape of the traveller must correspond to the shape of the ring. 

This creates a very large contact surface, which facilitates heat transfer; the surface must also
be very smooth to grant a low barycentre. The flat profile must allow space enough for the yarn
since the friction between the yarn and the ring could increase the yarn hairiness and
consequently the formation of flying fibres. 

The mass of the traveller determines the friction force between the ring and the traveller, the
balloon size and consequently the take up tension of the yarn. If the mass of the traveller is very
small, the balloon will be sufficiently large, the take up tension will be limited and the bobbin will
be soft; on the contrary, a heavy traveller will determine an increase in the take up tension and a
greater number of breaks. In a few words, the mass of the traveller must be strictly proportional
to the yarn mass (count and resistance) and to the speed of the spindle.